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fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M14.234 10.162L22.977 0h-2.072l-7.591 8.824L7.251 0H.258l9.168 13.343L.258 24H2.33l8.016-9.318L16.749 24h6.993zm-2.837 3.299l-.929-1.329L3.076 1.56h3.182l5.965 8.532l.929 1.329l7.754 11.09h-3.182z\"\u002F>",{"id":47,"title":48,"author":49,"body":50,"cefrLevel":967,"date":49,"description":968,"exercises":969,"extension":1038,"faqs":1039,"gcseTier":49,"intro":49,"language":1052,"lastUpdated":49,"meta":1053,"navigation":1054,"path":1055,"seo":1056,"stem":1057,"verbSlugs":49,"__hash__":1058},"pages\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fboth-either-neither.md","Both, either and neither in English: the two-of-something words, agreement traps, and Me neither",null,{"type":51,"value":52,"toc":955},"minimark",[53,77,112,117,182,222,240,244,264,293,328,333,355,372,376,379,417,428,445,471,475,487,515,532,541,553,572,575,579,587,597,623,630,656,681,720,724,736,752,775,779,782,861,865,868,900,923],[54,55,56,57,61,62,65,66,69,70,65,73,76],"p",{},"English keeps a special set of words for talking about exactly two things:\n",[58,59,60],"em",{},"both",", ",[58,63,64],{},"either"," and ",[58,67,68],{},"neither",". Learners tend to meet them one at a time,\nspread across months, and never see that they are a single system: the two\ntogether, one of the two, none of the two. This page puts the system in one\nplace, then deals with the two areas where it actually causes trouble - verb\nagreement, and the short answers ",[58,71,72],{},"So do I",[58,74,75],{},"Neither do I",".",[54,78,79,80,83,84,65,87,90,91,61,94,61,97,100,101,83,103,65,105,107,108,76],{},"One warning before the details. All three words stop working the moment a\nthird item arrives. With three or more things, English switches to ",[58,81,82],{},"all",",\n",[58,85,86],{},"any",[58,88,89],{},"none",": ",[58,92,93],{},"all of the answers",[58,95,96],{},"any of the roads",[58,98,99],{},"none of my\nsisters",". If you remember nothing else from this page, remember that ",[58,102,60],{},[58,104,64],{},[58,106,68],{}," mean ",[109,110,111],"strong",{},"two, and only two",[113,114,116],"h2",{"id":115},"the-three-words","The three words",[118,119,120,136],"table",{},[121,122,123],"thead",{},[124,125,126,130,133],"tr",{},[127,128,129],"th",{},"Word",[127,131,132],{},"Meaning",[127,134,135],{},"Example",[137,138,139,154,168],"tbody",{},[124,140,141,146,149],{},[142,143,144],"td",{},[58,145,60],{},[142,147,148],{},"the two together",[142,150,151],{},[58,152,153],{},"Both roads go to the village.",[124,155,156,160,163],{},[142,157,158],{},[58,159,64],{},[142,161,162],{},"one of the two, no preference",[142,164,165],{},[58,166,167],{},"Take either road. They both get you there.",[124,169,170,174,177],{},[142,171,172],{},[58,173,68],{},[142,175,176],{},"not one and not the other",[142,178,179],{},[58,180,181],{},"Neither road is open in winter.",[54,183,184,185,188,189,192,193,196,197,65,199,201,202,192,205,61,208,211,212,215,216,218,219,221],{},"Notice the nouns. ",[58,186,187],{},"Both"," takes a ",[109,190,191],{},"plural"," noun (",[58,194,195],{},"both roads","), while\n",[58,198,64],{},[58,200,68],{}," take a ",[109,203,204],{},"singular",[58,206,207],{},"either road",[58,209,210],{},"neither\nroad","). Learners who write ",[58,213,214],{},"neither roads"," have translated from a language\nwhere the logic runs differently; in English the noun after ",[58,217,64],{}," and\n",[58,220,68],{}," is always singular.",[54,223,224,227,228,231,232,235,236,239],{},[58,225,226],{},"Either"," has a second meaning worth knowing: ",[109,229,230],{},"each of the two",". ",[58,233,234],{},"There were\ntrees on either side of the river"," means trees on both sides, not a choice\nbetween them. Context makes it clear, and ",[58,237,238],{},"both sides"," is always available if\nyou want to be safe.",[113,241,243],{"id":242},"both-of-either-of-neither-of","both of, either of, neither of",[54,245,246,247,61,250,61,253,61,256,259,260,263],{},"Before ",[58,248,249],{},"the",[58,251,252],{},"these",[58,254,255],{},"my",[58,257,258],{},"your"," or a pronoun, the three words take ",[58,261,262],{},"of",":",[265,266,267,277,285],"ul",{},[268,269,270,273,274],"li",{},[58,271,272],{},"both of my brothers"," \u002F ",[58,275,276],{},"both of them",[268,278,279,273,282],{},[58,280,281],{},"either of the answers",[58,283,284],{},"either of you",[268,286,287,273,290],{},[58,288,289],{},"neither of these chairs",[58,291,292],{},"neither of us",[54,294,295,296,298,299,301,302,65,305,308,309,312,313,316,317,320,321,65,323,298,325,327],{},"With ",[58,297,60],{},", the ",[58,300,262],{}," is optional before a noun (",[58,303,304],{},"both my brothers",[58,306,307],{},"both\nof my brothers"," are both fine) but ",[109,310,311],{},"required"," before a pronoun: ",[58,314,315],{},"both of\nthem",", never ",[58,318,319],{},"both them",". With ",[58,322,64],{},[58,324,68],{},[58,326,262],{}," is required in\nboth cases.",[54,329,330,332],{},[58,331,187],{}," also moves around the sentence in a way the other two do not:",[265,334,335,340,345,350],{},[268,336,337],{},[58,338,339],{},"Both my sisters work in London.",[268,341,342],{},[58,343,344],{},"My sisters both work in London.",[268,346,347],{},[58,348,349],{},"My sisters are both doctors.",[268,351,352],{},[58,353,354],{},"They both called me on Sunday.",[54,356,357,358,360,361,364,365,368,369,76],{},"The rule for position is the same as for ",[58,359,82],{},": after the subject, but after\n",[58,362,363],{},"be"," and after the first auxiliary if there is one. ",[58,366,367],{},"We have both finished",",\nnot ",[58,370,371],{},"We both have finished",[113,373,375],{"id":374},"the-pairs-bothand-eitheror-neithernor","The pairs: both...and, either...or, neither...nor",[54,377,378],{},"Each word has a partner that joins two items inside a sentence:",[265,380,381,393,405],{},[268,382,383],{},[58,384,385,386,388,389,392],{},"She speaks ",[109,387,60],{}," French ",[109,390,391],{},"and"," Spanish.",[268,394,395],{},[58,396,397,398,400,401,404],{},"You can ",[109,399,64],{}," call me ",[109,402,403],{},"or"," send an email.",[268,406,407],{},[58,408,409,410,412,413,416],{},"He ",[109,411,68],{}," called ",[109,414,415],{},"nor"," wrote.",[54,418,419,420,423,424,427],{},"Two things matter here. First, the two halves should match grammatically:\n",[58,421,422],{},"both in the morning and in the evening",", not ",[58,425,426],{},"both in the morning and the\nevening",". English speakers break this rule all the time, but when the halves\nmatch, the sentence reads cleaner, and examiners notice.",[54,429,430,431,434,435,423,438,441,442,444],{},"Second, ",[58,432,433],{},"neither...nor"," is already negative, so the verb stays positive: ",[58,436,437],{},"He\nneither called nor wrote",[58,439,440],{},"He didn't neither call nor wrote",". One\nnegative per idea is the English budget, and ",[58,443,68],{}," has already spent it.",[54,446,447,450,451,454,455,458,459,462,463,465,466,76],{},[58,448,449],{},"Nor"," has a life of its own at the start of a follow-up negative: ",[58,452,453],{},"She can't\ndrive. Nor can I."," Note the flipped word order after it - ",[58,456,457],{},"nor can I",", not\n",[58,460,461],{},"nor I can",". The same flip appears after ",[58,464,68],{}," used the same way, and it\nbelongs to the same family as the inversions covered in\n",[467,468,470],"a",{"href":469},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Finversion-and-word-order","inversion and word order",[113,472,474],{"id":473},"the-agreement-trap","The agreement trap",[54,476,477,478,65,481,483,484,486],{},"Here is the part that costs marks. ",[58,479,480],{},"Neither",[58,482,64],{}," are ",[109,485,204],{},",\neven when a plural noun sits right next to the verb:",[265,488,489,498,506],{},[268,490,491],{},[58,492,493,494,497],{},"Neither of them ",[109,495,496],{},"is"," coming.",[268,499,500],{},[58,501,502,503,505],{},"Either of these answers ",[109,504,496],{}," acceptable.",[268,507,508],{},[58,509,510,511,514],{},"Neither of my parents ",[109,512,513],{},"speaks"," German.",[54,516,517,518,61,521,65,524,527,528,531],{},"The temptation is enormous, because ",[58,519,520],{},"them",[58,522,523],{},"answers",[58,525,526],{},"parents"," are\nplural and they are the last thing you say before the verb. Resist it in\nwriting. In relaxed speech, ",[58,529,530],{},"neither of them are coming"," is common and no\nnative speaker will blink, but the singular is the form that is never wrong.",[54,533,534,536,537,540],{},[58,535,187],{}," is comfortably plural everywhere: ",[58,538,539],{},"Both of them are coming."," No trap.",[54,542,295,543,65,546,548,549,552],{},[58,544,545],{},"either...or",[58,547,433],{}," joining two different subjects, the\nverb agrees with the ",[109,550,551],{},"nearer"," one:",[265,554,555,564],{},[268,556,557],{},[58,558,559,560,563],{},"Neither the manager nor the players ",[109,561,562],{},"were"," happy.",[268,565,566],{},[58,567,568,569,563],{},"Neither the players nor the manager ",[109,570,571],{},"was",[54,573,574],{},"Both sentences are correct. If the second one sounds strange to you, you are\nin good company - the practical fix is to put the plural subject second, so\nthe plural verb follows naturally.",[113,576,578],{"id":577},"so-do-i-neither-do-i-me-neither","So do I, Neither do I, Me neither",[54,580,581,582,586],{},"Agreeing with somebody is the everyday job these words do, and it runs on the\nsame auxiliary machinery as ",[467,583,585],{"href":584},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fquestion-tags","question tags",":\ntake the auxiliary from the other person's sentence and flip the word order.",[54,588,589,590,593,594,263],{},"Agreeing with a ",[109,591,592],{},"positive"," sentence uses ",[58,595,596],{},"so",[265,598,599,607,615],{},[268,600,601],{},[58,602,603,604],{},"I love this place. ",[109,605,606],{},"So do I.",[268,608,609],{},[58,610,611,612],{},"I'm tired. ",[109,613,614],{},"So am I.",[268,616,617],{},[58,618,619,620],{},"We've been here before. ",[109,621,622],{},"So have we.",[54,624,589,625,593,628,263],{},[109,626,627],{},"negative",[58,629,68],{},[265,631,632,640,648],{},[268,633,634],{},[58,635,636,637],{},"I don't like mornings. ",[109,638,639],{},"Neither do I.",[268,641,642],{},[58,643,644,645],{},"I can't swim. ",[109,646,647],{},"Neither can I.",[268,649,650],{},[58,651,652,653],{},"I wasn't ready. ",[109,654,655],{},"Neither was I.",[54,657,658,659,662,663,61,665,662,668,61,670,672,673,675,676,316,678,76],{},"The auxiliary must match: ",[58,660,661],{},"do"," answers ",[58,664,661],{},[58,666,667],{},"can",[58,669,667],{},[58,671,571],{},"\nanswers ",[58,674,571],{},". And the order is flipped - ",[58,677,75],{},[58,679,680],{},"Neither I\ndo",[54,682,683,684,687,688,691,692,694,695,698,699,702,703,706,707,710,711,714,715,423,717,76],{},"In speech, there are two short forms: ",[58,685,686],{},"Me too"," for positive sentences and\n",[58,689,690],{},"Me neither"," for negative ones. They are informal, universal, and they save\nyou the auxiliary arithmetic. The one thing you cannot do is cross the wires:\n",[58,693,686],{}," after a negative sentence (",[58,696,697],{},"I don't like it. Me too.",") is a clear\nlearner error. If in doubt, listen for a ",[58,700,701],{},"not",", an ",[58,704,705],{},"n't",", a ",[58,708,709],{},"never"," or a\n",[58,712,713],{},"nothing"," in what the other person said. Any of them means your answer is\n",[58,716,68],{},[58,718,719],{},"too",[113,721,723],{"id":722},"noteither","not...either",[54,725,726,727,730,731],{},"There is a third way to say a negative ",[58,728,729],{},"also",", and it sits at the end of the\nsentence: ",[58,732,733,734,76],{},"I don't like it ",[109,735,64],{},[265,737,738,745],{},[268,739,740],{},[58,741,742,743,76],{},"She didn't call, and he didn't call ",[109,744,64],{},[268,746,747],{},[58,748,749,750,76],{},"I haven't seen it. I haven't read the book ",[109,751,64],{},[54,753,754,755,757,758,761,762,764,765,768,769,771,772,774],{},"The pattern is: negative verb, then ",[58,756,64],{}," at the end. It means the same as\n",[58,759,760],{},"Neither did he",", just without the inversion. What it replaces is ",[58,763,719],{}," -\nEnglish does not say ",[58,766,767],{},"I don't like it too",". Positive sentences end in ",[58,770,719],{},",\nnegative sentences end in ",[58,773,64],{},", and the choice is mechanical once you\ncheck the verb.",[113,776,778],{"id":777},"common-mistakes","Common mistakes",[54,780,781],{},"Ranked by how often learners actually make them.",[783,784,785,800,812,825,837,847],"ol",{},[268,786,787,790,791,794,795,797,798,76],{},[109,788,789],{},"Me too after a negative."," ",[58,792,793],{},"I don't eat meat. Me too."," The negative\nanswer is ",[58,796,690],{}," or ",[58,799,75],{},[268,801,802,790,805,808,809],{},[109,803,804],{},"A plural verb after neither of.",[58,806,807],{},"Neither of them are here"," passes in\nconversation but not in writing. ",[58,810,811],{},"Neither of them is here.",[268,813,814,790,817,820,821,824],{},[109,815,816],{},"A plural noun after either or neither.",[58,818,819],{},"Neither answers is right","\nshould be ",[58,822,823],{},"neither answer",". The noun is always singular.",[268,826,827,790,830,833,834],{},[109,828,829],{},"Double negative with neither...nor.",[58,831,832],{},"He didn't neither call nor\nwrite"," has one negative too many. ",[58,835,836],{},"He neither called nor wrote.",[268,838,839,790,842,820,844,76],{},[109,840,841],{},"too instead of either at the end of a negative.",[58,843,767],{},[58,845,846],{},"I don't like it either",[268,848,849,790,852,855,856,858,859,76],{},[109,850,851],{},"both for three or more.",[58,853,854],{},"Both of my three sisters"," is impossible.\nTwo takes ",[58,857,60],{},"; three or more takes ",[58,860,82],{},[113,862,864],{"id":863},"practice","Practice",[54,866,867],{},"Complete each answer or sentence. Answers are below.",[783,869,870,878,883,889,895],{},[268,871,872,873,877],{},"I can't come on Friday. ",[874,875,876],"code",{},"___"," can I.",[268,879,880,882],{},[874,881,876],{}," of my parents has ever been on a plane.",[268,884,885,886,888],{},"You can sit on ",[874,887,876],{}," side of the table.",[268,890,891,892,894],{},"I loved the ending. So ",[874,893,876],{}," I.",[268,896,897,898,76],{},"He doesn't smoke, and she doesn't smoke ",[874,899,876],{},[54,901,902,905,906,908,909,912,913,916,917,919,920,922],{},[109,903,904],{},"Answers:"," 1. Neither (matching ",[58,907,667],{},") 2. Neither (singular verb ",[58,910,911],{},"has",")\n3. either (one of the two, or each of the two) 4. did (the auxiliary matches\n",[58,914,915],{},"loved",") 5. either (negative sentence, so ",[58,918,64],{}," at the end, not ",[58,921,719],{},")",[54,924,925,61,927,65,929,931,932,61,935,61,937,61,939,61,941,944,945,949,950,952,953,76],{},[58,926,187],{},[58,928,64],{},[58,930,68],{}," are quantity words at heart, and the rest of\nthe family - ",[58,933,934],{},"some",[58,936,86],{},[58,938,82],{},[58,940,89],{},[58,942,943],{},"most"," - is covered in\n",[467,946,948],{"href":947},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fquantifiers","quantifiers",". And if the flipped word order in\n",[58,951,75],{}," interests you, the full pattern lives in\n",[467,954,470],{"href":469},{"title":956,"searchDepth":957,"depth":957,"links":958},"",2,[959,960,961,962,963,964,965,966],{"id":115,"depth":957,"text":116},{"id":242,"depth":957,"text":243},{"id":374,"depth":957,"text":375},{"id":473,"depth":957,"text":474},{"id":577,"depth":957,"text":578},{"id":722,"depth":957,"text":723},{"id":777,"depth":957,"text":778},{"id":863,"depth":957,"text":864},"B1-B2","How English handles exactly two of something: both, either and neither as determiners, the pairs both...and, either...or and neither...nor, why neither of them takes a singular verb, and the short answers So do I, Neither do I and Me neither.",[970,994,1014],{"type":971,"instructions":972,"options":973,"items":977},"which-one","Choose both, either or neither for each sentence.",[60,64,68,974,975,976,596,415],"both of","either of","neither of",[978,980,982,984,986,988,990,992],{"prompt":979,"answer":60},"___ my sisters live in London.",{"prompt":981,"answer":64},"You can park on ___ side of the street.",{"prompt":983,"answer":68},"___ answer is right. Try again.",{"prompt":985,"answer":976},"___ them knew the way home.",{"prompt":987,"answer":975},"Has ___ you two seen my keys?",{"prompt":989,"answer":974},"I have read ___ these books twice.",{"prompt":991,"answer":415},"She cannot drive, and ___ can he.",{"prompt":993,"answer":596},"I love this song. ___ do I!",{"type":995,"instructions":996,"items":997},"fill-blank","Write both, either, neither, so, too or nor in each gap.",[998,1000,1002,1004,1006,1008,1010,1012],{"prompt":999,"answer":68},"I don't eat meat. Me ___.",{"prompt":1001,"answer":719},"She speaks French and Spanish, and her brother does ___.",{"prompt":1003,"answer":68},"I can't hear anything. ___ can I.",{"prompt":1005,"answer":60},"He plays ___ the piano and the guitar.",{"prompt":1007,"answer":60},"You can have tea or coffee, but not ___.",{"prompt":1009,"answer":64},"I didn't like the film, and my wife didn't like it ___.",{"prompt":1011,"answer":68},"___ the bus nor the train stops here on Sundays.",{"prompt":1013,"answer":596},"We were tired. ___ were we.",{"type":1015,"instructions":1016,"pairs":1017},"match","Match each statement to the reply that agrees with it.",[1018,1020,1022,1025,1027,1030,1033,1035],{"left":1019,"right":606},"I love the sea.",{"left":1021,"right":639},"I don't like crowds.",{"left":1023,"right":1024},"I can swim.","So can I.",{"left":1026,"right":647},"I can't cook.",{"left":1028,"right":1029},"I was late.","So was I.",{"left":1031,"right":1032},"I haven't eaten.","Neither have I.",{"left":1034,"right":614},"I'm cold.",{"left":1036,"right":1037},"I wouldn't say that.","Neither would I.","md",[1040,1043,1046,1049],{"q":1041,"a":1042},"What is the difference between both, either and neither?","All three talk about exactly two things. Both means the two together: both answers are wrong. Either means one of the two, it does not matter which: take either road. Neither means not one and not the other: neither road goes to the village. Both takes a plural noun and a plural verb; either and neither take a singular noun and, in careful English, a singular verb.",{"q":1044,"a":1045},"Is it neither of them is or neither of them are?","In careful and written English, neither of them is. The subject is neither, which is singular, and the plural them sitting next to the verb does not change that. You will hear neither of them are constantly in speech, and nobody will misunderstand you, but in an exam or a formal email the singular is the safe answer. The same applies to either of them is.",{"q":1047,"a":1048},"How do I agree with a negative sentence? Can I say Me too?","No. Me too agrees with positive sentences only. To agree with a negative one, use Me neither in speech, or the fuller Neither do I with the auxiliary matched to the sentence: I don't like mornings. Neither do I. I can't swim. Neither can I. Saying Me too after a negative sentence is one of the most reliable ways to sound like a learner.",{"q":1050,"a":1051},"Which verb do I use after either...or with two different subjects?","The verb agrees with the nearer subject. Either the players or the manager is to blame, because manager is closer to the verb, but Either the manager or the players are to blame. The same rule covers neither...nor: Neither my parents nor my brother knows about it. If the result sounds awkward, put the plural subject second and the problem disappears.","english",{},true,"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fboth-either-neither",{"title":48,"description":968},"english\u002Fgrammar\u002Fboth-either-neither","m6F1GI1hd2xURPORKwg6iHQnespHSl1ZS-jzLqWW-t4",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":1060},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M13 21h8M15 5l4 4m2.174-2.188a1 1 0 0 0-3.986-3.987L3.842 16.174a2 2 0 0 0-.5.83l-1.321 4.352a.5.5 0 0 0 .623.622l4.353-1.32a2 2 0 0 0 .83-.497z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":1062},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M11 4.702a.705.705 0 0 0-1.203-.498L6.413 7.587A1.4 1.4 0 0 1 5.416 8H3a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2.416a1.4 1.4 0 0 1 .997.413l3.383 3.384A.705.705 0 0 0 11 19.298zM16 9a5 5 0 0 1 0 6m3.364 3.364a9 9 0 0 0 0-12.728\"\u002F>"]