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fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M14.234 10.162L22.977 0h-2.072l-7.591 8.824L7.251 0H.258l9.168 13.343L.258 24H2.33l8.016-9.318L16.749 24h6.993zm-2.837 3.299l-.929-1.329L3.076 1.56h3.182l5.965 8.532l.929 1.329l7.754 11.09h-3.182z\"\u002F>",{"id":47,"title":48,"author":49,"body":50,"cefrLevel":810,"date":49,"description":811,"exercises":812,"extension":870,"faqs":871,"gcseTier":49,"intro":49,"language":884,"lastUpdated":49,"meta":885,"navigation":886,"path":887,"seo":888,"stem":889,"verbSlugs":49,"__hash__":890},"pages\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Ffor-since-already-yet-still.md","For, since, already, yet and still in English: which word, and where it goes in the sentence",null,{"type":51,"value":52,"toc":797},"minimark",[53,86,91,94,152,162,165,170,184,192,205,219,223,226,231,257,271,278,285,289,300,324,333,344,348,351,356,381,387,419,422,426,429,468,471,475,595,599,602,666,670,673,753,757,760,791],[54,55,56,57,62,63,67,68,72,73,77,78,81,82,85],"p",{},"Five small words do most of the work around\n",[58,59,61],"a",{"href":60},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fpresent-perfect","the present perfect"," and\n",[58,64,66],{"href":65},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fpresent-perfect-continuous","the present perfect continuous",":\nfor, since, already, yet and still. Their meanings take about a minute to learn.\nTheir ",[69,70,71],"strong",{},"position"," in the sentence takes rather longer, and that is where nearly\nevery learner error lives. ",[74,75,76],"em",{},"I have eaten already"," is fine, ",[74,79,80],{},"I already have\neaten"," is not, and ",[74,83,84],{},"he has not still called"," means nothing at all. This guide\ncovers both halves, meaning first and then position, with a table you can keep.",[87,88,90],"h2",{"id":89},"for-and-since","For and since",[54,92,93],{},"The split is clean and it never bends.",[95,96,97,116],"table",{},[98,99,100],"thead",{},[101,102,103,107,110,113],"tr",{},[104,105,106],"th",{},"Word",[104,108,109],{},"Takes",[104,111,112],{},"Answers",[104,114,115],{},"Examples",[117,118,119,136],"tbody",{},[101,120,121,127,130,133],{},[122,123,124],"td",{},[69,125,126],{},"for",[122,128,129],{},"a length of time",[122,131,132],{},"how long?",[122,134,135],{},"for ten minutes, for a week, for years",[101,137,138,143,146,149],{},[122,139,140],{},[69,141,142],{},"since",[122,144,145],{},"a starting point",[122,147,148],{},"starting when?",[122,150,151],{},"since Monday, since 2019, since I was ten",[54,153,154,157,158,161],{},[74,155,156],{},"I have worked here for five years"," and ",[74,159,160],{},"I have worked here since 2020"," describe\nthe same situation from two angles. One measures the block of time; the other\nnames the moment the clock started.",[54,163,164],{},"Two things the basic rule does not tell you.",[54,166,167],{},[69,168,169],{},"Since can take a whole clause, and that clause goes into the past simple.",[171,172,173,179],"ul",{},[174,175,176],"li",{},[74,177,178],{},"I have not seen him since he left school.",[174,180,181],{},[74,182,183],{},"She has been much happier since she moved house.",[54,185,186,187,191],{},"The main verb stays in the perfect, the clause after since goes into\n",[58,188,190],{"href":189},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fpast-simple","the past simple",", because the starting point\nitself is a finished event.",[54,193,194,197,198,197,201,204],{},[69,195,196],{},"For can be left out in short answers and casual speech."," ",[74,199,200],{},"How long have you\nbeen here? Two hours.",[74,202,203],{},"I have known her ten years."," Both are natural. Since can\nnever be dropped.",[54,206,207,208,197,211,214,215,218],{},"Watch the trap on the other side: ",[69,209,210],{},"for with the past simple means a finished\nperiod.",[74,212,213],{},"I lived in Rome for two years"," says you do not live there now. ",[74,216,217],{},"I have\nlived in Rome for two years"," says you still do. Same phrase, different tense,\nopposite meaning.",[87,220,222],{"id":221},"already","Already",[54,224,225],{},"Already means the thing has happened, and usually sooner than expected.",[54,227,228],{},[69,229,230],{},"Position: after the auxiliary, before the main verb.",[171,232,233,241,249],{},[174,234,235],{},[74,236,237,238,240],{},"I have ",[69,239,221],{}," eaten.",[174,242,243],{},[74,244,245,246,248],{},"She has ",[69,247,221],{}," finished the report.",[174,250,251],{},[74,252,253,254,256],{},"They had ",[69,255,221],{}," gone when we arrived.",[54,258,259,260,266,267,270],{},"With be as the main verb, already goes straight after it: ",[74,261,262,263,265],{},"he is ",[69,264,221],{},"\nhere",", not ",[74,268,269],{},"he already is here",".",[54,272,273,274,277],{},"You can also park already at the end of the sentence for a bit more force: ",[74,275,276],{},"I\nhave eaten already."," Both positions are correct; the end position sounds more\nemphatic and slightly more spoken.",[54,279,280,281,284],{},"In a question, already carries surprise. ",[74,282,283],{},"Have you finished already?"," is not\nasking for information, it is saying that was fast.",[87,286,288],{"id":287},"yet","Yet",[54,290,291,292,295,296,299],{},"Yet means not up to this moment. It belongs in ",[69,293,294],{},"negatives and questions only",",\nand it belongs at the ",[69,297,298],{},"end"," of the sentence.",[171,301,302,309,317],{},[174,303,304],{},[74,305,306,307,270],{},"I have not finished ",[69,308,287],{},[174,310,311],{},[74,312,313,314,316],{},"Has the post arrived ",[69,315,287],{},"?",[174,318,319],{},[74,320,321,322,270],{},"We have not decided ",[69,323,287],{},[54,325,326,157,329,332],{},[74,327,328],{},"I have yet finished",[74,330,331],{},"I have finished yet"," are both wrong. In a positive\nsentence, yet is simply the wrong word: what you want is already.",[54,334,335,336,339,340,343],{},"There is one formal pattern where yet appears in a positive sentence, ",[69,337,338],{},"have yet\nto",": ",[74,341,342],{},"we have yet to hear from them"," = we have not heard from them. It reads as\nrather stiff and you can safely leave it alone until later.",[87,345,347],{"id":346},"still","Still",[54,349,350],{},"Still means the situation has not stopped. It is the only one of the five that\nworks comfortably with any tense, not just the perfect.",[54,352,353],{},[69,354,355],{},"Position in a positive sentence: before the main verb, but after be.",[171,357,358,366,374],{},[174,359,360],{},[74,361,362,363,365],{},"He ",[69,364,346],{}," works at the school.",[174,367,368],{},[74,369,370,371,373],{},"I am ",[69,372,346],{}," waiting.",[174,375,376],{},[74,377,245,378,380],{},[69,379,346],{}," got a copy.",[54,382,383,386],{},[69,384,385],{},"Position in a negative sentence: before the auxiliary."," This is the one to\nmemorise, because it is the exception and learners get it wrong constantly.",[171,388,389,403,411],{},[174,390,391,396,397,400,401,270],{},[74,392,362,393,395],{},[69,394,346],{}," has not called."," Not ",[74,398,399],{},"he has still not called"," (possible, but\nweaker) and definitely not ",[74,402,84],{},[174,404,405],{},[74,406,407,408,410],{},"They ",[69,409,346],{}," do not know.",[174,412,413],{},[74,414,415,416,418],{},"I ",[69,417,346],{}," cannot open the door.",[54,420,421],{},"Putting still in front of the auxiliary is what makes the sentence sound\nimpatient, which is exactly the effect the word is there for.",[87,423,425],{"id":424},"still-not-or-not-yet","Still not, or not yet?",[54,427,428],{},"They report the same fact and carry a different attitude.",[95,430,431,441],{},[98,432,433],{},[101,434,435,438],{},[104,436,437],{},"Sentence",[104,439,440],{},"What it says",[117,442,443,455],{},[101,444,445,452],{},[122,446,447],{},[74,448,449,450,270],{},"The bus has not come ",[69,451,287],{},[122,453,454],{},"Plain information. It may be on time.",[101,456,457,465],{},[122,458,459],{},[74,460,461,462,464],{},"The bus ",[69,463,346],{}," has not come.",[122,466,467],{},"It is late and I have had enough.",[54,469,470],{},"If you are simply stating that something has not happened, use yet. If you want\nthe listener to hear that it should have happened by now, use still.",[87,472,474],{"id":473},"where-each-word-sits-the-master-table","Where each word sits: the master table",[95,476,477,492],{},[98,478,479],{},[101,480,481,483,486,489],{},[104,482,106],{},[104,484,485],{},"Sentence type",[104,487,488],{},"Position",[104,490,491],{},"Example",[117,493,494,511,527,544,561,578],{},[101,495,496,500,503,506],{},[122,497,498],{},[69,499,126],{},[122,501,502],{},"any",[122,504,505],{},"after the verb phrase, with a length",[122,507,508],{},[74,509,510],{},"I have waited for an hour.",[101,512,513,517,519,522],{},[122,514,515],{},[69,516,142],{},[122,518,502],{},[122,520,521],{},"after the verb phrase, with a start point",[122,523,524],{},[74,525,526],{},"I have waited since two.",[101,528,529,533,536,539],{},[122,530,531],{},[69,532,221],{},[122,534,535],{},"positive, questions",[122,537,538],{},"mid-position, or end for emphasis",[122,540,541],{},[74,542,543],{},"She has already left.",[101,545,546,550,553,556],{},[122,547,548],{},[69,549,287],{},[122,551,552],{},"negatives, questions only",[122,554,555],{},"end of the sentence",[122,557,558],{},[74,559,560],{},"She has not left yet.",[101,562,563,567,570,573],{},[122,564,565],{},[69,566,346],{},[122,568,569],{},"positive",[122,571,572],{},"before the main verb, after be",[122,574,575],{},[74,576,577],{},"She is still here.",[101,579,580,584,587,590],{},[122,581,582],{},[69,583,346],{},[122,585,586],{},"negative",[122,588,589],{},"before the auxiliary",[122,591,592],{},[74,593,594],{},"She still is not here.",[87,596,598],{"id":597},"the-rest-of-the-family","The rest of the family",[54,600,601],{},"Four more time words travel with the perfect tenses, and each has a settled slot.",[171,603,604,619,631,646],{},[174,605,606,609,610,615,616,270],{},[69,607,608],{},"just"," (a very short time ago) sits in mid-position: ",[74,611,237,612,614],{},[69,613,608],{},"\narrived."," British English keeps it in the present perfect; American English\noften uses the past simple, ",[74,617,618],{},"I just arrived",[174,620,621,624,625],{},[69,622,623],{},"ever"," (at any time in your life) sits in mid-position and lives in\nquestions: ",[74,626,627,628,630],{},"Have you ",[69,629,623],{}," been to Japan?",[174,632,633,636,637,642,643],{},[69,634,635],{},"never"," sits in mid-position and already carries the negative, so the verb\nstays positive: ",[74,638,237,639,641],{},[69,640,635],{}," seen it."," Never ",[74,644,645],{},"I have not never seen it.",[174,647,648,157,651,654,655,197,661],{},[69,649,650],{},"so far",[69,652,653],{},"up to now"," go at the start or the end: ",[74,656,657,660],{},[69,658,659],{},"So far"," we have\nsold eight.",[74,662,663,664,270],{},"We have sold eight ",[69,665,650],{},[87,667,669],{"id":668},"common-mistakes","Common mistakes",[54,671,672],{},"Ranked by how often they turn up.",[674,675,676,688,701,713,725,737],"ol",{},[174,677,678,197,681,157,684,687],{},[69,679,680],{},"for and since swapped.",[74,682,683],{},"for Monday",[74,685,686],{},"since two hours"," are the classic\npair. It is since Monday and for two hours. Ask which question the phrase\nanswers: how long, or starting when.",[174,689,690,197,693,696,697,700],{},[69,691,692],{},"yet in a positive sentence.",[74,694,695],{},"I have done it yet"," should be ",[74,698,699],{},"I have\nalready done it",". Yet only works in negatives and questions.",[174,702,703,197,706,709,710,270],{},[69,704,705],{},"already in the wrong slot.",[74,707,708],{},"I already have finished"," puts already in\nfront of the auxiliary, which is where still goes, not already. Say ",[74,711,712],{},"I have\nalready finished",[174,714,715,197,718,721,722,270],{},[69,716,717],{},"not still instead of still not.",[74,719,720],{},"He has not still arrived"," is not\nEnglish. The order is ",[74,723,724],{},"he still has not arrived",[174,726,727,197,730,733,734],{},[69,728,729],{},"Double negative with never.",[74,731,732],{},"I have not never done that."," Never is\nalready negative, so the auxiliary stays positive: ",[74,735,736],{},"I have never done that.",[174,738,739,197,742,745,746,749,750,270],{},[69,740,741],{},"since with a length of time.",[74,743,744],{},"I have been here since three hours."," Three\nhours is a length, so it takes for: ",[74,747,748],{},"I have been here for three hours",", or\nname the moment: ",[74,751,752],{},"since three o'clock",[87,754,756],{"id":755},"practice","Practice",[54,758,759],{},"Fill each gap with for, since, already, yet or still. Answers are below.",[674,761,762,770,775,780,785],{},[174,763,764,765,769],{},"We have been waiting ",[766,767,768],"code",{},"___"," half an hour.",[174,771,772,773,270],{},"I have not read your letter ",[766,774,768],{},[174,776,245,777,779],{},[766,778,768],{}," sold the car, so you are too late.",[174,781,362,782,784],{},[766,783,768],{}," has not paid me back.",[174,786,787,788,790],{},"They have lived here ",[766,789,768],{}," last summer.",[54,792,793,796],{},[69,794,795],{},"Answers:"," 1. for (a length of time) 2. yet (negative, end of the sentence) 3. already (it happened sooner than you expected) 4. still (negative, so still\ncomes before the auxiliary) 5. since (a starting point).",{"title":798,"searchDepth":799,"depth":799,"links":800},"",2,[801,802,803,804,805,806,807,808,809],{"id":89,"depth":799,"text":90},{"id":221,"depth":799,"text":222},{"id":287,"depth":799,"text":288},{"id":346,"depth":799,"text":347},{"id":424,"depth":799,"text":425},{"id":473,"depth":799,"text":474},{"id":597,"depth":799,"text":598},{"id":668,"depth":799,"text":669},{"id":755,"depth":799,"text":756},"A2-B1","How for, since, already, yet and still work with the English perfect tenses: what each one means, the exact position each takes in the sentence, and the mistakes learners make.",[813,834,854],{"type":814,"instructions":815,"options":816,"items":817},"which-one","Choose the correct time word for each sentence.",[126,142,221,287,346],[818,820,822,824,826,828,830,832],{"prompt":819,"answer":142},"I have lived in this town ___ 2019.",{"prompt":821,"answer":126},"We have been waiting ___ two hours.",{"prompt":823,"answer":287},"Have you finished your work ___ ?",{"prompt":825,"answer":221},"No, thank you. I have ___ eaten.",{"prompt":827,"answer":346},"It is late and he ___ has not called.",{"prompt":829,"answer":142},"She has been sick ___ Sunday.",{"prompt":831,"answer":287},"They have not arrived ___ .",{"prompt":833,"answer":126},"I have known her ___ ten years.",{"type":835,"instructions":836,"items":837},"fill-blank","Write the missing time word in each sentence.",[838,840,842,844,846,848,850,852],{"prompt":839,"answer":142},"I have been here ___ eight this morning.",{"prompt":841,"answer":287},"We have not eaten ___ .",{"prompt":843,"answer":221},"She has ___ read that book twice.",{"prompt":845,"answer":346},"He is ___ working. He has not stopped all day.",{"prompt":847,"answer":126},"They have been married ___ ten years.",{"prompt":849,"answer":142},"I have not seen him ___ last summer.",{"prompt":851,"answer":287},"Is the food ready ___ ?",{"prompt":853,"answer":126},"It has been cold ___ a week.",{"type":855,"instructions":856,"pairs":857},"match","Match each word to what it tells you.",[858,860,862,864,866,868],{"left":126,"right":859},"how long something lasts",{"left":142,"right":861},"the point where it started",{"left":221,"right":863},"sooner than you thought",{"left":287,"right":865},"not up to now",{"left":346,"right":867},"it has not stopped",{"left":608,"right":869},"a very short time ago","md",[872,875,878,881],{"q":873,"a":874},"What is the difference between for and since?","For takes a length of time: for two hours, for a week, for ten years. Since takes the point where the situation started: since Monday, since 2019, since I left school. If you can answer the question how long with the phrase, you want for. If it answers the question starting when, you want since.",{"q":876,"a":877},"Where do already, yet and still go in a sentence?","Already goes in the middle, after the auxiliary and before the main verb: I have already eaten. Yet goes at the end, and only in negatives and questions: I have not eaten yet. Still goes before the main verb but after be, and in negatives it moves in front of the auxiliary: he still has not called.",{"q":879,"a":880},"What is the difference between still not and not yet?","Both say the thing has not happened, but still not adds impatience. He has not arrived yet is neutral information. He still has not arrived says you expected him earlier and you are fed up. Note the word order changes too: yet sits at the end, still jumps in front of the auxiliary.",{"q":882,"a":883},"Can I use already in a question?","Yes, but it changes the question. Have you finished yet is a plain enquiry. Have you finished already means you are surprised it happened so fast. Yet asks whether something has happened; already asks with raised eyebrows.","english",{},true,"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Ffor-since-already-yet-still",{"title":48,"description":811},"english\u002Fgrammar\u002Ffor-since-already-yet-still","B5W9PHp4l8kxA1JdO57LHlw25ZE1UrZl1aiFAuIP1pY",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":892},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M13 21h8M15 5l4 4m2.174-2.188a1 1 0 0 0-3.986-3.987L3.842 16.174a2 2 0 0 0-.5.83l-1.321 4.352a.5.5 0 0 0 .623.622l4.353-1.32a2 2 0 0 0 .83-.497z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":894},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M11 4.702a.705.705 0 0 0-1.203-.498L6.413 7.587A1.4 1.4 0 0 1 5.416 8H3a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2.416a1.4 1.4 0 0 1 .997.413l3.383 3.384A.705.705 0 0 0 11 19.298zM16 9a5 5 0 0 1 0 6m3.364 3.364a9 9 0 0 0 0-12.728\"\u002F>"]