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2.939v5.667H9.351V9h3.414v1.561h.046c.477-.9 1.637-1.85 3.37-1.85c3.601 0 4.267 2.37 4.267 5.455v6.286zM5.337 7.433a2.06 2.06 0 0 1-2.063-2.065a2.064 2.064 0 1 1 2.063 2.065m1.782 13.019H3.555V9h3.564zM22.225 0H1.771C.792 0 0 .774 0 1.729v20.542C0 23.227.792 24 1.771 24h20.451C23.2 24 24 23.227 24 22.271V1.729C24 .774 23.2 0 22.222 0z\"\u002F>",true,{"id":40,"title":41,"author":42,"body":43,"cefrLevel":1092,"date":42,"description":1093,"exercises":42,"extension":1094,"faqs":1095,"gcseTier":42,"intro":42,"language":1107,"lastUpdated":42,"meta":1108,"navigation":38,"path":1109,"seo":1110,"stem":1111,"verbSlugs":42,"__hash__":1112},"pages\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fphrasal-verbs.md","Phrasal verbs in English: rules, examples and how to use them",null,{"type":44,"value":45,"toc":1068},"minimark",[46,63,68,80,136,146,151,158,174,181,195,198,202,205,293,296,300,303,307,318,339,352,356,359,374,386,392,442,449,456,475,478,482,485,488,555,557,622,624,688,691,757,760,825,827,891,895,898,943,947,950,1005,1009,1012,1048],[47,48,49,50,54,55,58,59,62],"p",{},"Phrasal verbs are one of the things that make English sound natural, and one of\nthe things learners avoid for years because the meanings feel unpredictable.\n",[51,52,53],"em",{},"Turn down"," the music, ",[51,56,57],{},"turn down"," a job offer, the heating ",[51,60,61],{},"broke down",": same\nsmall words, completely different ideas. This guide covers what a phrasal verb\nactually is, the grammar you genuinely need (transitive, separable, pronoun\nplacement), and the fastest way to learn them without drowning in lists.",[64,65,67],"h2",{"id":66},"what-is-a-phrasal-verb","What is a phrasal verb?",[47,69,70,71,75,76,79],{},"A phrasal verb is a ",[72,73,74],"strong",{},"verb plus a particle"," - a preposition or an adverb - that\nwork together as a single unit of meaning. The key point is that the meaning is\noften ",[72,77,78],{},"different from the verb on its own",":",[81,82,83,99],"table",{},[84,85,86],"thead",{},[87,88,89,93,96],"tr",{},[90,91,92],"th",{},"Verb alone",[90,94,95],{},"Phrasal verb",[90,97,98],{},"Meaning",[100,101,102,114,125],"tbody",{},[87,103,104,108,111],{},[105,106,107],"td",{},"look",[105,109,110],{},"look up",[105,112,113],{},"find information",[87,115,116,119,122],{},[105,117,118],{},"give",[105,120,121],{},"give up",[105,123,124],{},"stop trying",[87,126,127,130,133],{},[105,128,129],{},"take",[105,131,132],{},"take off",[105,134,135],{},"remove, or depart",[47,137,138,141,142,145],{},[51,139,140],{},"Look"," means to direct your eyes. ",[51,143,144],{},"Look up"," means to find a piece of\ninformation. You cannot reliably guess the second meaning from the first, and\nthat is the whole problem: a phrasal verb is a vocabulary item in its own right,\nnot a sum of its parts.",[147,148,150],"h3",{"id":149},"literal-vs-idiomatic-meaning","Literal vs idiomatic meaning",[47,152,153,154,157],{},"Some phrasal verbs are ",[72,155,156],{},"literal"," and easy to picture:",[159,160,161,168],"ul",{},[162,163,164,167],"li",{},[51,165,166],{},"She sat down."," (Her body moved downwards.)",[162,169,170,173],{},[51,171,172],{},"Pick up the pen."," (Lift it.)",[47,175,176,177,180],{},"Others are ",[72,178,179],{},"idiomatic",", where the meaning has drifted away from the parts:",[159,182,183,189],{},[162,184,185,188],{},[51,186,187],{},"The meeting was put off."," (Postponed - nothing is physically moving.)",[162,190,191,194],{},[51,192,193],{},"He gave up smoking."," (Stopped - no giving involved.)",[47,196,197],{},"Most high-frequency phrasal verbs are idiomatic, which is exactly why they have\nto be learned in context rather than translated word by word.",[147,199,201],{"id":200},"one-phrasal-verb-several-meanings","One phrasal verb, several meanings",[47,203,204],{},"Many phrasal verbs carry more than one meaning, and context decides which:",[81,206,207,222],{},[84,208,209],{},[87,210,211,213,216,219],{},[90,212,95],{},[90,214,215],{},"Meaning 1",[90,217,218],{},"Meaning 2",[90,220,221],{},"Meaning 3",[100,223,224,247,270],{},[87,225,226,228,235,241],{},[105,227,132],{},[105,229,230,231,234],{},"remove (",[51,232,233],{},"take off your shoes",")",[105,236,237,238,234],{},"depart (",[51,239,240],{},"the plane took off",[105,242,243,244,234],{},"succeed (",[51,245,246],{},"the brand took off",[87,248,249,252,258,264],{},[105,250,251],{},"pick up",[105,253,254,255,234],{},"lift (",[51,256,257],{},"pick up the box",[105,259,260,261,234],{},"collect (",[51,262,263],{},"pick up the kids",[105,265,266,267,234],{},"learn casually (",[51,268,269],{},"pick up Spanish",[87,271,272,275,281,287],{},[105,273,274],{},"make up",[105,276,277,278,234],{},"invent (",[51,279,280],{},"make up a story",[105,282,283,284,234],{},"reconcile (",[51,285,286],{},"they made up",[105,288,289,290,234],{},"apply cosmetics (",[51,291,292],{},"make up her face",[47,294,295],{},"Do not assume the first meaning you learn is the only one.",[64,297,299],{"id":298},"the-grammar-you-need","The grammar you need",[47,301,302],{},"Two distinctions do almost all the work: transitive vs intransitive, and\nseparable vs inseparable.",[147,304,306],{"id":305},"transitive-vs-intransitive","Transitive vs intransitive",[47,308,309,310,313,314,317],{},"A ",[72,311,312],{},"transitive"," phrasal verb takes an object. An ",[72,315,316],{},"intransitive"," one does not.",[159,319,320,330],{},[162,321,322,325,326,329],{},[72,323,324],{},"Transitive:"," ",[51,327,328],{},"I turned off the light."," (The light is the object.)",[162,331,332,325,335,338],{},[72,333,334],{},"Intransitive:",[51,336,337],{},"The plane took off."," (No object - it cannot take off\nanything.)",[47,340,341,342,344,345,348,349,351],{},"Some phrasal verbs can be both, depending on meaning: ",[51,343,132],{}," is transitive\nwhen it means remove (",[51,346,347],{},"take off your coat",") and intransitive when it means depart\n(",[51,350,240],{},").",[147,353,355],{"id":354},"separable-vs-inseparable","Separable vs inseparable",[47,357,358],{},"This is the rule that trips up nearly everyone, so it is worth getting right.",[47,360,361,362,365,366,369,370,373],{},"With a ",[72,363,364],{},"separable"," phrasal verb, the object can sit ",[72,367,368],{},"between"," the verb and\nthe particle, or ",[72,371,372],{},"after"," the particle. Both are correct:",[159,375,376,381],{},[162,377,378],{},[51,379,380],{},"Turn the light off.",[162,382,383],{},[51,384,385],{},"Turn off the light.",[47,387,388,391],{},[72,389,390],{},"But a pronoun must go in the middle."," This is the part learners get wrong:",[81,393,394,404],{},[84,395,396],{},[87,397,398,401],{},[90,399,400],{},"Correct",[90,402,403],{},"Wrong",[100,405,406,418,430],{},[87,407,408,413],{},[105,409,410],{},[51,411,412],{},"Turn it off.",[105,414,415],{},[51,416,417],{},"Turn off it.",[87,419,420,425],{},[105,421,422],{},[51,423,424],{},"Throw them away.",[105,426,427],{},[51,428,429],{},"Throw away them.",[87,431,432,437],{},[105,433,434],{},[51,435,436],{},"Pick her up.",[105,438,439],{},[51,440,441],{},"Pick up her.",[47,443,444,445,448],{},"When the object is a pronoun (it, them, him, her, us), the separable phrasal verb\n",[72,446,447],{},"has"," to be split. There is no flexibility here.",[47,450,451,452,455],{},"With an ",[72,453,454],{},"inseparable"," phrasal verb, the particle stays glued to the verb and\nthe object always comes after it - even when it is a pronoun:",[159,457,458,467],{},[162,459,460,463,464,234],{},[51,461,462],{},"I look after the children."," (Not ",[51,465,466],{},"look the children after.",[162,468,469,463,472,234],{},[51,470,471],{},"I look after them.",[51,473,474],{},"look them after.",[47,476,477],{},"So the order of operations is: first work out whether the verb is separable, then\nremember that pronouns force the split on separable verbs but never split an\ninseparable one. A good dictionary marks each phrasal verb as separable or not;\nuntil you have learned a particular verb, check rather than guess.",[64,479,481],{"id":480},"common-phrasal-verbs-by-base-verb","Common phrasal verbs by base verb",[47,483,484],{},"Grouping by base verb is one of the most efficient ways to take a large number of\nphrasal verbs in at once. Here are high-frequency ones worth knowing early.",[147,486,487],{"id":487},"get",[81,489,490,501],{},[84,491,492],{},[87,493,494,496,498],{},[90,495,95],{},[90,497,98],{},[90,499,500],{},"Example",[100,502,503,516,529,542],{},[87,504,505,508,511],{},[105,506,507],{},"get up",[105,509,510],{},"leave bed \u002F stand",[105,512,513],{},[51,514,515],{},"I get up at seven.",[87,517,518,521,524],{},[105,519,520],{},"get on",[105,522,523],{},"board \u002F progress",[105,525,526],{},[51,527,528],{},"Get on the bus.",[87,530,531,534,537],{},[105,532,533],{},"get over",[105,535,536],{},"recover from",[105,538,539],{},[51,540,541],{},"She got over the flu.",[87,543,544,547,550],{},[105,545,546],{},"get along",[105,548,549],{},"have a good relationship",[105,551,552],{},[51,553,554],{},"They get along well.",[147,556,129],{"id":129},[81,558,559,569],{},[84,560,561],{},[87,562,563,565,567],{},[90,564,95],{},[90,566,98],{},[90,568,500],{},[100,570,571,583,596,609],{},[87,572,573,575,578],{},[105,574,132],{},[105,576,577],{},"remove \u002F depart",[105,579,580],{},[51,581,582],{},"Take off your coat.",[87,584,585,588,591],{},[105,586,587],{},"take up",[105,589,590],{},"start a hobby",[105,592,593],{},[51,594,595],{},"He took up running.",[87,597,598,601,604],{},[105,599,600],{},"take after",[105,602,603],{},"resemble (family)",[105,605,606],{},[51,607,608],{},"She takes after her mother.",[87,610,611,614,617],{},[105,612,613],{},"take over",[105,615,616],{},"gain control of",[105,618,619],{},[51,620,621],{},"A rival took over the firm.",[147,623,107],{"id":107},[81,625,626,636],{},[84,627,628],{},[87,629,630,632,634],{},[90,631,95],{},[90,633,98],{},[90,635,500],{},[100,637,638,649,662,675],{},[87,639,640,642,644],{},[105,641,110],{},[105,643,113],{},[105,645,646],{},[51,647,648],{},"Look up the word.",[87,650,651,654,657],{},[105,652,653],{},"look after",[105,655,656],{},"care for",[105,658,659],{},[51,660,661],{},"I look after my niece.",[87,663,664,667,670],{},[105,665,666],{},"look forward to",[105,668,669],{},"anticipate happily",[105,671,672],{},[51,673,674],{},"I look forward to the trip.",[87,676,677,680,683],{},[105,678,679],{},"look into",[105,681,682],{},"investigate",[105,684,685],{},[51,686,687],{},"We will look into it.",[147,689,690],{"id":690},"put",[81,692,693,703],{},[84,694,695],{},[87,696,697,699,701],{},[90,698,95],{},[90,700,98],{},[90,702,500],{},[100,704,705,718,731,744],{},[87,706,707,710,713],{},[105,708,709],{},"put on",[105,711,712],{},"wear \u002F switch on",[105,714,715],{},[51,716,717],{},"Put on your shoes.",[87,719,720,723,726],{},[105,721,722],{},"put off",[105,724,725],{},"postpone",[105,727,728],{},[51,729,730],{},"They put off the wedding.",[87,732,733,736,739],{},[105,734,735],{},"put up with",[105,737,738],{},"tolerate",[105,740,741],{},[51,742,743],{},"I cannot put up with the noise.",[87,745,746,749,752],{},[105,747,748],{},"put away",[105,750,751],{},"tidy \u002F store",[105,753,754],{},[51,755,756],{},"Put away your toys.",[147,758,759],{"id":759},"turn",[81,761,762,772],{},[84,763,764],{},[87,765,766,768,770],{},[90,767,95],{},[90,769,98],{},[90,771,500],{},[100,773,774,787,800,812],{},[87,775,776,779,782],{},[105,777,778],{},"turn on \u002F off",[105,780,781],{},"start \u002F stop a device",[105,783,784],{},[51,785,786],{},"Turn off the TV.",[87,788,789,792,795],{},[105,790,791],{},"turn up",[105,793,794],{},"arrive \u002F increase",[105,796,797],{},[51,798,799],{},"He turned up late.",[87,801,802,804,807],{},[105,803,57],{},[105,805,806],{},"refuse \u002F lower",[105,808,809],{},[51,810,811],{},"She turned down the job.",[87,813,814,817,820],{},[105,815,816],{},"turn into",[105,818,819],{},"become",[105,821,822],{},[51,823,824],{},"The rain turned into snow.",[147,826,118],{"id":118},[81,828,829,839],{},[84,830,831],{},[87,832,833,835,837],{},[90,834,95],{},[90,836,98],{},[90,838,500],{},[100,840,841,852,865,878],{},[87,842,843,845,847],{},[105,844,121],{},[105,846,124],{},[105,848,849],{},[51,850,851],{},"Don't give up.",[87,853,854,857,860],{},[105,855,856],{},"give back",[105,858,859],{},"return",[105,861,862],{},[51,863,864],{},"Give back my pen.",[87,866,867,870,873],{},[105,868,869],{},"give away",[105,871,872],{},"donate \u002F reveal",[105,874,875],{},[51,876,877],{},"He gave away his books.",[87,879,880,883,886],{},[105,881,882],{},"give in",[105,884,885],{},"surrender",[105,887,888],{},[51,889,890],{},"They finally gave in.",[64,892,894],{"id":893},"how-to-learn-phrasal-verbs","How to learn phrasal verbs",[47,896,897],{},"There are thousands of phrasal verbs, so trying to memorise a giant alphabetical\nlist is the slowest possible method. A better approach:",[159,899,900,910,916,937],{},[162,901,902,905,906,909],{},[72,903,904],{},"Learn them in context, not in isolation."," A phrasal verb in a sentence you\nunderstand sticks far better than a two-word entry on a flashcard. Note the\nwhole sentence, not just ",[51,907,908],{},"take off = remove",".",[162,911,912,915],{},[72,913,914],{},"Focus on the most common first."," A few hundred phrasal verbs cover the vast\nmajority of everyday English. Start with the high-frequency ones in the tables\nabove and ignore the rare ones until you meet them.",[162,917,918,921,922,925,926,928,929,932,933,936],{},[72,919,920],{},"Group them."," Group by ",[72,923,924],{},"base verb"," (all the ",[51,927,487],{}," verbs together) or by\n",[72,930,931],{},"particle"," (everything with ",[51,934,935],{},"up",": give up, take up, look up, turn up). The\npatterns make them easier to store and recall.",[162,938,939,942],{},[72,940,941],{},"Record the grammar with the meaning."," When you note a new phrasal verb,\nmark whether it is separable and whether it takes an object. That one habit\nprevents the most common mistakes below.",[64,944,946],{"id":945},"common-mistakes","Common mistakes",[47,948,949],{},"Ranked by how often they actually appear:",[951,952,953,965,977,989],"ol",{},[162,954,955,325,958,961,962],{},[72,956,957],{},"Putting the pronoun after the particle.",[51,959,960],{},"Turn off it, throw away them,\npick up her."," With a separable phrasal verb the pronoun must go in the middle:\n",[51,963,964],{},"turn it off, throw them away, pick her up.",[162,966,967,325,970,973,974],{},[72,968,969],{},"Separating an inseparable verb.",[51,971,972],{},"Look the children after, get the bus on.","\nInseparable phrasal verbs keep the particle attached: ",[51,975,976],{},"look after the\nchildren, get on the bus.",[162,978,979,325,982,985,986,988],{},[72,980,981],{},"Guessing the meaning from the two words.",[51,983,984],{},"Put off"," does not mean to place\nsomething off, and ",[51,987,121],{}," has nothing to do with giving. Learn idiomatic\nphrasal verbs as whole units.",[162,990,991,994,995,997,998,1001,1002,1004],{},[72,992,993],{},"Using only one meaning."," Assuming ",[51,996,132],{}," always means remove, and being\nconfused when a plane ",[51,999,1000],{},"takes off"," or a business ",[51,1003,1000],{},". Let the context\nchoose the meaning.",[64,1006,1008],{"id":1007},"practice","Practice",[47,1010,1011],{},"Rewrite or complete each sentence. Answers are below.",[951,1013,1014,1020,1026,1031,1040],{},[162,1015,1016,1017],{},"Rewrite with a pronoun: ",[51,1018,1019],{},"Turn off the radio.",[162,1021,1022,1023],{},"Correct the mistake: ",[51,1024,1025],{},"I have to look the baby after.",[162,1027,1022,1028],{},[51,1029,1030],{},"Can you pick up me at eight?",[162,1032,1033,1034,1036,1037],{},"Which meaning of ",[51,1035,132],{}," is used here: ",[51,1038,1039],{},"The new app has really taken off.",[162,1041,1042,1043,1047],{},"Complete with a phrasal verb meaning \"stop trying\": _The exam was hard but she\nrefused to ",[1044,1045,1046],"code",{},"___","._",[47,1049,1050,1053,1054,1056,1057,1060,1061,1064,1065],{},[72,1051,1052],{},"Answers:"," 1. ",[51,1055,412],{}," (Pronoun must go in the middle.) 2. ",[51,1058,1059],{},"I have to\nlook after the baby."," (Look after is inseparable.) 3. ",[51,1062,1063],{},"Can you pick me up at\neight?"," (Separable verb with a pronoun splits.) 4. To become successful. 5. ",[51,1066,1067],{},"give\nup.",{"title":1069,"searchDepth":1070,"depth":1070,"links":1071},"",2,[1072,1077,1081,1089,1090,1091],{"id":66,"depth":1070,"text":67,"children":1073},[1074,1076],{"id":149,"depth":1075,"text":150},3,{"id":200,"depth":1075,"text":201},{"id":298,"depth":1070,"text":299,"children":1078},[1079,1080],{"id":305,"depth":1075,"text":306},{"id":354,"depth":1075,"text":355},{"id":480,"depth":1070,"text":481,"children":1082},[1083,1084,1085,1086,1087,1088],{"id":487,"depth":1075,"text":487},{"id":129,"depth":1075,"text":129},{"id":107,"depth":1075,"text":107},{"id":690,"depth":1075,"text":690},{"id":759,"depth":1075,"text":759},{"id":118,"depth":1075,"text":118},{"id":893,"depth":1070,"text":894},{"id":945,"depth":1070,"text":946},{"id":1007,"depth":1070,"text":1008},"B1","A clear guide to phrasal verbs in English. Learn the verb plus particle rule, transitive vs intransitive, the separable vs inseparable trap, and the best way to learn them.","md",[1096,1098,1101,1104],{"q":67,"a":1097},"A phrasal verb is a verb plus a particle (a preposition or adverb) that together make a new meaning, often different from the verb on its own. Look up, give up and take off are all phrasal verbs. You cannot always work out the meaning from the two words, which is why they have to be learned as single units.",{"q":1099,"a":1100},"What is the difference between separable and inseparable phrasal verbs?","With a separable phrasal verb the object can go between the verb and the particle or after it (turn the light off \u002F turn off the light). With an inseparable phrasal verb the particle stays attached and the object goes after it (look after the children, never look the children after).",{"q":1102,"a":1103},"Where does the pronoun go in a phrasal verb?","With separable phrasal verbs a pronoun (it, them, him) must go in the middle: turn it off, never turn off it. This is one of the most reliable rules in the whole topic and a very common mistake.",{"q":1105,"a":1106},"How many meanings can a phrasal verb have?","Many phrasal verbs have several meanings. Take off can mean to remove (take off your coat), to depart (the plane took off) or to become successful (the business has really taken off). Context tells you which meaning is intended.","english",{},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fphrasal-verbs",{"title":41,"description":1093},"english\u002Fgrammar\u002Fphrasal-verbs","iVwzI949VRIN0jaxyvPDmtkebNJo1wayj1U3OYdyTTs"]