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more",null,{"type":50,"value":51,"toc":936},"minimark",[52,85,90,93,125,136,140,149,179,190,202,216,229,233,236,260,278,282,288,306,324,347,357,361,368,390,405,414,446,466,470,473,528,532,535,760,764,767,868,872,875,909],[53,54,55,56,60,61,64,65,68,69,72,73,76,77,80,81,84],"p",{},"Quantifiers are the words that answer ",[57,58,59],"em",{},"how much"," or ",[57,62,63],{},"how many",". ",[57,66,67],{},"Some"," water,\n",[57,70,71],{},"many"," books, ",[57,74,75],{},"a lot of"," money, ",[57,78,79],{},"too much"," noise, ",[57,82,83],{},"enough"," time. They sit in\nfront of a noun and tell you about amount without giving an exact number. The\nreason they cause trouble is not their meaning, which is usually obvious, but the\nfact that English picks a different word depending on the kind of noun that\nfollows. Sort out that one distinction and the rest falls into place.",[86,87,89],"h2",{"id":88},"the-rule-that-governs-everything-countable-or-uncountable","The rule that governs everything: countable or uncountable",[53,91,92],{},"Before you choose a quantifier, you have to know what sort of noun you are\ndealing with.",[94,95,96,108],"ul",{},[97,98,99,103,104,107],"li",{},[100,101,102],"strong",{},"Countable nouns"," are things you can count one by one, so they have a plural.\n",[57,105,106],{},"one apple, two apples; a car, three cars; a book, five books."," You can put a\nnumber in front of them.",[97,109,110,113,114,117,118,60,121,124],{},[100,111,112],{},"Uncountable nouns"," are things you treat as a mass, so they have no plural\nand take no number. ",[57,115,116],{},"water, money, rice, time, information, advice."," You cannot\nsay ",[57,119,120],{},"two waters",[57,122,123],{},"three moneys",".",[53,126,127,128,131,132,135],{},"Almost every quantifier below cares about this split. ",[57,129,130],{},"Many"," needs a countable\nnoun; ",[57,133,134],{},"much"," needs an uncountable one. Get the noun type right first, and the\ncorrect quantifier is usually the only one left standing.",[86,137,139],{"id":138},"some-and-any","some and any",[53,141,142,144,145,148],{},[57,143,67],{}," and ",[57,146,147],{},"any"," both mean an unspecified amount. The choice between them is\nmostly about whether the sentence is positive or negative.",[94,150,151,165],{},[97,152,153,154,157,158,161,162],{},"Use ",[100,155,156],{},"some"," in ",[100,159,160],{},"positive"," sentences. ",[57,163,164],{},"I have some money. There are some\nbooks on the table.",[97,166,153,167,157,169,172,173,64,176],{},[100,168,147],{},[100,170,171],{},"negatives"," and in most ",[100,174,175],{},"questions",[57,177,178],{},"I do not have any\nmoney. Are there any books on the table?",[53,180,181,182,185,186,189],{},"Both work with plural countable nouns (",[57,183,184],{},"some apples, any cars",") and with\nuncountable nouns (",[57,187,188],{},"some water, any rice",").",[53,191,192,193,196,197,199,200,124],{},"The one exception worth learning: ",[100,194,195],{},"offers and requests take some",", even though\nthey are questions. When you offer or ask for something, ",[57,198,156],{}," sounds warmer and\nmore polite than ",[57,201,147],{},[94,203,204,210],{},[97,205,206,209],{},[57,207,208],{},"Would you like some tea?"," (an offer)",[97,211,212,215],{},[57,213,214],{},"Can I have some water, please?"," (a request)",[53,217,218,219,222,223,225,226,228],{},"Ask ",[57,220,221],{},"Would you like any tea?"," and it sounds cold, almost as if you doubt they\nwant it. So the plain rule is: ",[57,224,147],{}," in questions, but ",[57,227,156],{}," when you are\noffering or asking for something.",[86,230,232],{"id":231},"much-and-many","much and many",[53,234,235],{},"This is the pair learners get wrong most often, and the fix is simple.",[94,237,238,250],{},[97,239,240,242,243,246,247],{},[100,241,71],{}," goes with ",[100,244,245],{},"countable"," nouns. ",[57,248,249],{},"many books, many people, many cars,\nhow many children.",[97,251,252,242,254,246,257],{},[100,253,134],{},[100,255,256],{},"uncountable",[57,258,259],{},"much water, much money, much time,\nhow much sugar.",[53,261,262,263,144,265,267,268,64,271,274,275,277],{},"Notice that ",[57,264,134],{},[57,266,71],{}," live mainly in ",[100,269,270],{},"negatives and questions",[57,272,273],{},"I do\nnot have much money. Are there many people here? How much does it cost?"," In plain\npositive sentences they sound stiff, and English usually reaches for ",[57,276,75],{},"\ninstead.",[86,279,281],{"id":280},"a-lot-of-lots-of-and-plenty-of","a lot of, lots of and plenty of",[53,283,284,285,287],{},"The friendly, everyday way to say a large amount is ",[100,286,75],{},", and its great\nadvantage is that it does not care about the noun type.",[94,289,290],{},[97,291,292,294,295,64,298,301,302,305],{},[100,293,75],{}," works with ",[100,296,297],{},"both",[57,299,300],{},"a lot of books"," (countable), ",[57,303,304],{},"a lot of\nmoney"," (uncountable).",[53,307,308,309,312,313,316,317,319,320,144,322,124],{},"This is why native speakers say ",[57,310,311],{},"I have a lot of money"," rather than ",[57,314,315],{},"I have much\nmoney",". In positive sentences, ",[57,318,75],{}," replaces both ",[57,321,134],{},[57,323,71],{},[94,325,326,338],{},[97,327,328,331,332,334,335],{},[100,329,330],{},"lots of"," means the same as ",[57,333,75],{},", just more informal. ",[57,336,337],{},"We have lots of\ntime.",[97,339,340,343,344],{},[100,341,342],{},"plenty of"," means more than enough, with a reassuring feel, and also works\nwith both. ",[57,345,346],{},"Do not rush, we have plenty of time. There is plenty of food for\neveryone.",[53,348,349,350,352,353,356],{},"Remember the spelling: it is always ",[100,351,75],{},", three words. ",[57,354,355],{},"Alot"," is not a\nword.",[86,358,360],{"id":359},"a-little-and-a-few","a little and a few",[53,362,363,364,367],{},"These two split the work between the noun types, and the little word ",[57,365,366],{},"a"," hides a\nbig difference in meaning.",[94,369,370,380],{},[97,371,372,242,375,246,377],{},[100,373,374],{},"a little",[100,376,256],{},[57,378,379],{},"a little water, a little money, a\nlittle time.",[97,381,382,242,385,246,387],{},[100,383,384],{},"a few",[100,386,245],{},[57,388,389],{},"a few books, a few people, a few\ndays.",[53,391,392,393,396,397,400,401,404],{},"Both mean ",[57,394,395],{},"some, a small amount"," with a positive feel. ",[57,398,399],{},"I have a little money","\nmeans you have enough for now. ",[57,402,403],{},"I have a few friends here"," means you are not\nalone.",[53,406,407,408,410,411,124],{},"Now drop the ",[57,409,366],{},", and the meaning flips to a negative one, closer to ",[57,412,413],{},"almost\nnone",[94,415,416,432],{},[97,417,418,421,422,424,425,64,428,431],{},[100,419,420],{},"little"," (no ",[57,423,366],{},") means ",[57,426,427],{},"not much, hardly any",[57,429,430],{},"I have little money"," means\nyou are nearly broke.",[97,433,434,421,437,424,439,64,442,445],{},[100,435,436],{},"few",[57,438,366],{},[57,440,441],{},"not many, hardly any",[57,443,444],{},"She has few friends"," means she\nis lonely.",[53,447,448,449,144,451,453,454,144,456,458,459,60,462,465],{},"So ",[57,450,384],{},[57,452,374],{}," are optimistic; ",[57,455,436],{},[57,457,420],{}," are the glass-half-\nempty versions. In everyday speech, people often use ",[57,460,461],{},"not much",[57,463,464],{},"not many","\nfor the negative sense instead, which feels less formal.",[86,467,469],{"id":468},"enough-too-much-too-many-no-and-none","enough, too much, too many, no and none",[53,471,472],{},"A few more amount words complete the set.",[94,474,475,486,508,517],{},[97,476,477,479,480,64,483],{},[100,478,83],{}," means the right amount, not too little. It works with both noun\ntypes and goes ",[100,481,482],{},"in front of the noun",[57,484,485],{},"We have enough chairs. There is\nenough water.",[97,487,488,144,490,493,494,497,498,501,502,504,505,189],{},[100,489,79],{},[100,491,492],{},"too many"," mean more than you want. ",[57,495,496],{},"Too much"," takes\nuncountable nouns (",[57,499,500],{},"too much noise, too much sugar","); ",[57,503,492],{}," takes countable\nnouns (",[57,506,507],{},"too many people, too many emails",[97,509,510,513,514],{},[100,511,512],{},"no"," means zero, and goes straight before the noun. ",[57,515,516],{},"There is no money. I have\nno books.",[97,518,519,331,522,524,525],{},[100,520,521],{},"none",[57,523,512],{}," but stands alone, without a noun after it. ",[57,526,527],{},"How\nmuch money is left? None. How many came? None of them.",[86,529,531],{"id":530},"the-master-table","The master table",[53,533,534],{},"One table to hold the whole system. The middle columns tell you which noun types\neach quantifier accepts.",[536,537,538,557],"table",{},[539,540,541],"thead",{},[542,543,544,548,551,554],"tr",{},[545,546,547],"th",{},"Quantifier",[545,549,550],{},"Countable?",[545,552,553],{},"Uncountable?",[545,555,556],{},"Example",[558,559,560,577,592,607,622,637,652,667,683,699,714,729,744],"tbody",{},[542,561,562,567,570,572],{},[563,564,565],"td",{},[57,566,156],{},[563,568,569],{},"yes",[563,571,569],{},[563,573,574],{},[57,575,576],{},"some books \u002F some water",[542,578,579,583,585,587],{},[563,580,581],{},[57,582,147],{},[563,584,569],{},[563,586,569],{},[563,588,589],{},[57,590,591],{},"any books \u002F any water",[542,593,594,598,600,602],{},[563,595,596],{},[57,597,71],{},[563,599,569],{},[563,601,512],{},[563,603,604],{},[57,605,606],{},"many people",[542,608,609,613,615,617],{},[563,610,611],{},[57,612,134],{},[563,614,512],{},[563,616,569],{},[563,618,619],{},[57,620,621],{},"much money",[542,623,624,628,630,632],{},[563,625,626],{},[57,627,75],{},[563,629,569],{},[563,631,569],{},[563,633,634],{},[57,635,636],{},"a lot of cars \u002F a lot of tea",[542,638,639,643,645,647],{},[563,640,641],{},[57,642,330],{},[563,644,569],{},[563,646,569],{},[563,648,649],{},[57,650,651],{},"lots of friends",[542,653,654,658,660,662],{},[563,655,656],{},[57,657,342],{},[563,659,569],{},[563,661,569],{},[563,663,664],{},[57,665,666],{},"plenty of time",[542,668,669,674,676,678],{},[563,670,671],{},[57,672,673],{},"a few \u002F few",[563,675,569],{},[563,677,512],{},[563,679,680],{},[57,681,682],{},"a few days",[542,684,685,690,692,694],{},[563,686,687],{},[57,688,689],{},"a little \u002F little",[563,691,512],{},[563,693,569],{},[563,695,696],{},[57,697,698],{},"a little rice",[542,700,701,705,707,709],{},[563,702,703],{},[57,704,83],{},[563,706,569],{},[563,708,569],{},[563,710,711],{},[57,712,713],{},"enough chairs \u002F enough food",[542,715,716,720,722,724],{},[563,717,718],{},[57,719,492],{},[563,721,569],{},[563,723,512],{},[563,725,726],{},[57,727,728],{},"too many emails",[542,730,731,735,737,739],{},[563,732,733],{},[57,734,79],{},[563,736,512],{},[563,738,569],{},[563,740,741],{},[57,742,743],{},"too much noise",[542,745,746,751,753,755],{},[563,747,748],{},[57,749,750],{},"no \u002F none",[563,752,569],{},[563,754,569],{},[563,756,757],{},[57,758,759],{},"no money \u002F none left",[86,761,763],{"id":762},"common-mistakes","Common mistakes",[53,765,766],{},"Ranked by how often learners actually make them.",[768,769,770,795,810,837,856],"ol",{},[97,771,772,775,776,144,779,782,783,785,786,144,788,791,792,124],{},[100,773,774],{},"much with a countable noun."," ",[57,777,778],{},"Much people",[57,780,781],{},"much books"," are wrong,\nbecause ",[57,784,134],{}," only takes uncountable nouns. Say ",[57,787,606],{},[57,789,790],{},"many\nbooks",", or in a positive sentence, ",[57,793,794],{},"a lot of people",[97,796,797,775,800,803,804,806,807],{},[100,798,799],{},"any in offers and requests.",[57,801,802],{},"Would you like any coffee?"," sounds cold. When\nyou offer or ask for something, use ",[57,805,156],{},": ",[57,808,809],{},"Would you like some coffee? Can I\nhave some water?",[97,811,812,775,815,818,819,822,823,825,826,829,830,833,834,124],{},[100,813,814],{},"few and little swapped.",[57,816,817],{},"Few"," is for things you can count (",[57,820,821],{},"few cars",");\n",[57,824,420],{}," is for a mass (",[57,827,828],{},"little time","). ",[57,831,832],{},"I have few money"," should be ",[57,835,836],{},"I have\nlittle money",[97,838,839,775,842,845,846,848,849,852,853,855],{},[100,840,841],{},"the a dropped or added by accident.",[57,843,844],{},"A few"," means some; ",[57,847,436],{}," means almost\nnone. ",[57,850,851],{},"I have few friends"," says you are lonely, which is probably not what you\nmeant. Keep the ",[57,854,366],{}," when you mean a small but positive amount.",[97,857,858,775,861,864,865,867],{},[100,859,860],{},"alot.",[57,862,863],{},"A lot of"," is three words. ",[57,866,355],{}," is a spelling mistake, not a word,\nand it turns up constantly in writing. Watch for it.",[86,869,871],{"id":870},"practice","Practice",[53,873,874],{},"Choose the correct quantifier. Answers are below.",[768,876,877,885,891,897,903],{},[97,878,879,880,884],{},"There are ",[881,882,883],"code",{},"___"," (much \u002F many) people at the party.",[97,886,887,888,890],{},"Would you like ",[881,889,883],{}," (some \u002F any) tea?",[97,892,893,894,896],{},"I do not have ",[881,895,883],{}," (some \u002F any) money left.",[97,898,899,900,902],{},"She has ",[881,901,883],{}," (a few \u002F a little) close friends, so she is never lonely.",[97,904,905,906,908],{},"Slow down, we have ",[881,907,883],{}," (much \u002F plenty of) time.",[53,910,911,914,915,918,919,921,922,924,925,928,929,931,932,935],{},[100,912,913],{},"Answers:"," 1. many (",[57,916,917],{},"people"," is countable) 2. some (an offer, so ",[57,920,156],{}," not\n",[57,923,147],{},") 3. any (a negative sentence) 4. a few (",[57,926,927],{},"friends"," is countable, and the ",[57,930,366],{},"\ngives the positive sense) 5. plenty of (positive sentence, means more than\nenough; ",[57,933,934],{},"much time"," would sound stiff here)",{"title":937,"searchDepth":938,"depth":938,"links":939},"",2,[940,941,942,943,944,945,946,947,948],{"id":88,"depth":938,"text":89},{"id":138,"depth":938,"text":139},{"id":231,"depth":938,"text":232},{"id":280,"depth":938,"text":281},{"id":359,"depth":938,"text":360},{"id":468,"depth":938,"text":469},{"id":530,"depth":938,"text":531},{"id":762,"depth":938,"text":763},{"id":870,"depth":938,"text":871},"A2-B1","How to use quantifiers of amount in English: some vs any, much vs many, a lot of, a little and a few, enough, too much, no and none, and the countable-uncountable rule that governs them all.","md",[953,956,959,962],{"q":954,"a":955},"What is the difference between some and any?","Use some in positive sentences: I have some money. Use any in negatives and most questions: I do not have any money; Do you have any money? The main exception is offers and requests, which take some even though they are questions: Would you like some tea? Can I have some water? If you are offering or asking for something, some sounds more natural and more polite than any.",{"q":957,"a":958},"When do I use much and when do I use many?","Many goes with countable nouns, the ones you can put a number in front of: many books, many people, many cars. Much goes with uncountable nouns, the ones you cannot count one by one: much water, much money, much time. A quick test: if the noun has a plural -s, use many; if it does not, use much. In everyday positive sentences most speakers replace both with a lot of.",{"q":960,"a":961},"What is the difference between a few and few, and a little and little?","The a changes the meaning. A few and a little mean some, a small but positive amount: I have a few friends here (I am not alone). Few and little without a mean almost none, with a negative feel: I have few friends here (I am lonely). Few and a few go with countable nouns; little and a little go with uncountable nouns.",{"q":963,"a":964},"Is it a lot of or alot of?","It is always a lot of, three separate words. Alot is not a word in standard English, even though it is a very common misspelling. A lot of works with both countable and uncountable nouns: a lot of books, a lot of water. In informal speech you will also hear lots of, which means the same thing.","english",{},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fquantifiers",{"title":47,"description":950},"english\u002Fgrammar\u002Fquantifiers","iPveZfTgYSscdHir4_3etUuvDiKPTM9Q9q9sXGtFyrY"]