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fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M14.234 10.162L22.977 0h-2.072l-7.591 8.824L7.251 0H.258l9.168 13.343L.258 24H2.33l8.016-9.318L16.749 24h6.993zm-2.837 3.299l-.929-1.329L3.076 1.56h3.182l5.965 8.532l.929 1.329l7.754 11.09h-3.182z\"\u002F>",{"id":47,"title":48,"author":49,"body":50,"cefrLevel":1069,"date":49,"description":1070,"exercises":1071,"extension":1144,"faqs":1145,"gcseTier":49,"intro":49,"language":1158,"lastUpdated":49,"meta":1159,"navigation":1160,"path":1161,"seo":1162,"stem":1163,"verbSlugs":49,"__hash__":1164},"pages\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fsubjunctive-and-unreal-past.md","The subjunctive and the unreal past in English: I suggest he go, if I were you, and it's time we left",null,{"type":51,"value":52,"toc":1050},"minimark",[53,70,73,78,81,129,151,155,178,213,230,233,289,311,315,326,364,384,387,455,460,463,517,533,547,551,554,557,567,603,613,617,631,659,666,670,680,701,711,715,725,804,807,811,814,857,863,867,870,980,984,987,1018,1034],[54,55,56,57,61,62,65,66,69],"p",{},"English used to have a full subjunctive mood, the way Spanish and French still\ndo. It lost nearly all of it centuries ago, and what remains is a ghost: a\nhandful of places where the verb refuses to behave, where ",[58,59,60],"em",{},"I suggest he go"," is\nright and ",[58,63,64],{},"I suggest he to go"," is wrong, and where ",[58,67,68],{},"if I were you"," beats the\ngrammar you were taught in week one.",[54,71,72],{},"The ghost matters for two reasons. First, the surviving forms look like\nmistakes, so learners \"correct\" them and get them wrong. Second, they cluster\nin exactly the registers you meet late in your learning: formal writing,\ncontracts, polite refusals, advice. This page maps where the ghost still\nwalks, and how far everyday English has let it slip.",[74,75,77],"h2",{"id":76},"a-ghost-not-a-tense","A ghost, not a tense",[54,79,80],{},"The English subjunctive has no endings of its own. It borrows two disguises:",[82,83,84,111],"ol",{},[85,86,87,91,92,95,96,102,103,110],"li",{},[88,89,90],"strong",{},"The base form of the verb"," where you expect an -s or an ",[58,93,94],{},"is",": ",[58,97,98,99],{},"I suggest\nhe ",[88,100,101],{},"go",", ",[58,104,105,106,109],{},"it is vital that she ",[88,107,108],{},"be"," present",".",[85,112,113,95,116,102,123,110],{},[88,114,115],{},"A past tense that is not about the past",[58,117,118,119,122],{},"if I ",[88,120,121],{},"were"," you",[58,124,125,126],{},"it is\ntime we ",[88,127,128],{},"left",[54,130,131,132,135,136,139,140,145,146,150],{},"That second disguise has a name worth keeping: the ",[88,133,134],{},"unreal past",". English\nuses the past tense to mark distance - usually distance in time, but here\ndistance from reality. ",[58,137,138],{},"It is time we left"," does not mean we have gone. It\nmeans we have not, and should have. The same machinery drives\n",[141,142,144],"a",{"href":143},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fwish-and-if-only","wish and if only"," and the second\nconditional in ",[141,147,149],{"href":148},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fconditional-sentences","conditional sentences",";\nthis page covers the rest of the family.",[74,152,154],{"id":153},"the-were-subjunctive-if-i-were-you","The were-subjunctive: if I were you",[54,156,157,158,160,161,163,164,102,167,102,170,173,174,177],{},"For unreal or imagined situations, ",[58,159,108],{}," takes ",[88,162,121],{}," for every subject,\nincluding ",[58,165,166],{},"I",[58,168,169],{},"he",[58,171,172],{},"she"," and ",[58,175,176],{},"it",":",[179,180,181,189,197,205],"ul",{},[85,182,183],{},[58,184,185,186,188],{},"If I ",[88,187,121],{}," you, I would say nothing.",[85,190,191],{},[58,192,193,194,196],{},"I wish I ",[88,195,121],{}," somewhere warm.",[85,198,199],{},[58,200,201,202,204],{},"He acts as if he ",[88,203,121],{}," the owner.",[85,206,207],{},[58,208,209,210,212],{},"Suppose she ",[88,211,121],{}," right. What then?",[54,214,215,216,219,220,102,223,173,226,229],{},"In everyday speech, ",[58,217,218],{},"was"," has taken over most of this ground. ",[58,221,222],{},"If he was\nricher",[58,224,225],{},"I wish I was taller",[58,227,228],{},"as if it was my fault"," are all normal,\nand nobody will stop the conversation to object. The slip is real and it is\nold; you are allowed to make it too.",[54,231,232],{},"Two places hold the line:",[179,234,235,253],{},[85,236,237,242,243,246,247,249,250,252],{},[88,238,239],{},[58,240,241],{},"If I were you"," is a fixed phrase. ",[58,244,245],{},"If I was you"," exists in casual\nspeech, but the set expression is ",[58,248,121],{},", and advice delivered with ",[58,251,218],{},"\nsounds slightly less like advice.",[85,254,255,258,259,262,263,265,266,268,269,275,276,279,280,283,284,288],{},[88,256,257],{},"Formal inversion",". Drop the ",[58,260,261],{},"if"," and move ",[58,264,121],{}," to the front and only\n",[58,267,121],{}," will do: ",[58,270,271,274],{},[88,272,273],{},"Were"," I to lose my job, we would have to sell the\nhouse."," There is no ",[58,277,278],{},"Was I to lose my job",". The same applies to the fossil\n",[58,281,282],{},"as it were",", which means \"so to speak\" and never changes shape. See\n",[141,285,287],{"href":286},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Finversion-and-word-order","inversion and word order"," for\nthe rest of that pattern.",[54,290,291,292,294,295,297,298,301,302,304,305,308,309,110],{},"The test for ",[58,293,121],{}," versus ",[58,296,218],{}," is reality. ",[58,299,300],{},"If he was rude to you, I will\nspeak to him"," - possibly true, real past, ",[58,303,218],{},". ",[58,306,307],{},"If he were rude to you, you\nwould know about it"," - imagined, unreal, ",[58,310,121],{},[74,312,314],{"id":313},"the-mandative-subjunctive-i-suggest-he-go","The mandative subjunctive: I suggest he go",[54,316,317,318,321,322,325],{},"After verbs of demanding, suggesting and requiring, the ",[58,319,320],{},"that","-clause takes\nthe ",[88,323,324],{},"base form"," of the verb, whatever the subject:",[179,327,328,337,346,355],{},[85,329,330],{},[58,331,332,333,336],{},"I suggest that he ",[88,334,335],{},"see"," a doctor.",[85,338,339],{},[58,340,341,342,345],{},"They demanded that she ",[88,343,344],{},"return"," the money.",[85,347,348],{},[58,349,350,351,354],{},"The rules require that every member ",[88,352,353],{},"pay"," in advance.",[85,356,357],{},[58,358,359,360,363],{},"We ask that you ",[88,361,362],{},"not smoke"," in the rooms.",[54,365,366,367,370,371,102,374,102,377,380,381,110],{},"The common trigger verbs: ",[58,368,369],{},"suggest, demand, insist, recommend, propose,\nrequest, require, ask, order",". The same pattern follows adjectives of\nimportance: ",[58,372,373],{},"it is essential that",[58,375,376],{},"important that",[58,378,379],{},"vital that",",\n",[58,382,383],{},"necessary that",[54,385,386],{},"Three details make this construction look broken to a learner:",[82,388,389,403,423],{},[85,390,391,394,395,398,399,402],{},[88,392,393],{},"No -s."," ",[58,396,397],{},"I suggest that he go",", not ",[58,400,401],{},"goes",". The base form ignores the\nsubject entirely.",[85,404,405,394,408,102,413,419,420,422],{},[88,406,407],{},"Be stays be.",[58,409,410,411,109],{},"It is vital that she ",[88,412,108],{},[58,414,415,416,418],{},"they insisted\nthat the door ",[88,417,108],{}," locked",". This is the form that most often gets\n\"corrected\" into ",[58,421,94],{}," by learners, and it should not be.",[85,424,425,394,428,380,435,442,443,446,447,450,451,454],{},[88,426,427],{},"The negative has no do.",[58,429,430,431,434],{},"They asked that he ",[88,432,433],{},"not be"," disturbed",[58,436,437,438,441],{},"I suggest that she ",[88,439,440],{},"not sign"," yet",". No ",[58,444,445],{},"does not",", no ",[58,448,449],{},"do not"," - the\n",[58,452,453],{},"not"," sits directly in front of the bare verb.",[456,457,459],"h3",{"id":458},"how-british-english-escapes-it","How British English escapes it",[54,461,462],{},"Here everyday English has genuinely let the form slip, and which escape\nroute you hear depends on the side of the Atlantic:",[464,465,466,479],"table",{},[467,468,469],"thead",{},[470,471,472,476],"tr",{},[473,474,475],"th",{},"Form",[473,477,478],{},"Flavour",[480,481,482,494,506],"tbody",{},[470,483,484,491],{},[485,486,487],"td",{},[58,488,332,489],{},[88,490,101],{},[485,492,493],{},"subjunctive - American default, British formal",[470,495,496,503],{},[485,497,498],{},[58,499,332,500],{},[88,501,502],{},"should go",[485,504,505],{},"British default in speech",[470,507,508,514],{},[485,509,510],{},[58,511,332,512],{},[88,513,401],{},[485,515,516],{},"British informal",[54,518,519,520,523,524,527,528,532],{},"All three are correct. American English kept the old subjunctive and uses it\nwithout a second thought; British English mostly swapped it for ",[58,521,522],{},"should"," or\nthe plain present. It is one of the few corners of the language where\nAmerican English is the traditionalist - the same story as ",[58,525,526],{},"gotten",", told in\n",[141,529,531],{"href":530},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fbritish-vs-american-grammar","British vs American grammar",".\nThis course teaches you to recognise all three and to produce the\nsubjunctive in formal writing, where it is safe everywhere.",[54,534,535,536,539,540,543,544],{},"One warning: ",[58,537,538],{},"suggest"," never takes an object plus infinitive. ",[58,541,542],{},"I suggest him\nto go"," is wrong in every variety, every register, every century. If you want\nthat shape, change the verb: ",[58,545,546],{},"I advised him to go.",[74,548,550],{"id":549},"the-unreal-past-it-is-time-would-rather-as-if","The unreal past: it is time, would rather, as if",[54,552,553],{},"Three more constructions borrow the past tense to talk about now.",[456,555,138],{"id":556},"it-is-time-we-left",[54,558,559,562,563,566],{},[58,560,561],{},"It is time"," plus a past verb means the action should happen ",[88,564,565],{},"now"," and has\nnot:",[179,568,569,577,586],{},[85,570,571,576],{},[58,572,573,574,110],{},"It is time we ",[88,575,128],{}," (We are still here. We should not be.)",[85,578,579],{},[58,580,581,582,585],{},"It is time you ",[88,583,584],{},"found"," your own flat.",[85,587,588,598,599,602],{},[58,589,590,591,594,595,110],{},"It is ",[88,592,593],{},"high"," time this ",[88,596,597],{},"stopped"," (",[58,600,601],{},"High time"," adds impatience.)",[54,604,605,606,609,610,612],{},"Compare ",[58,607,608],{},"it is time to leave",", with the infinitive, which is neutral: the\nclock says go. ",[58,611,138],{}," points a finger; somebody has stayed too\nlong, and the past tense is the complaint.",[456,614,616],{"id":615},"i-would-rather-you-didnt","I would rather you didn't",[54,618,619,620,623,624,630],{},"When ",[58,621,622],{},"would rather"," keeps the same subject, it takes the bare infinitive:\n",[58,625,626,627,110],{},"I would rather ",[88,628,629],{},"stay"," The moment the subject changes, the verb goes to\nthe unreal past:",[179,632,633,642,650],{},[85,634,635],{},[58,636,637,638,641],{},"I would rather you ",[88,639,640],{},"came"," on Saturday.",[85,643,644],{},[58,645,646,647,110],{},"I would rather he ",[88,648,649],{},"did not know",[85,651,652],{},[58,653,654,655,658],{},"\"Do you mind if I smoke?\" \"I would rather you ",[88,656,657],{},"didn't",".\"",[54,660,661,662,665],{},"That last exchange is one of the most British sentences ever constructed: a\nrefusal built entirely out of grammar, with no refusing word in it. The past\ntense does the work that ",[58,663,664],{},"no"," is too blunt to do.",[456,667,669],{"id":668},"as-if-as-though","As if, as though",[54,671,672,673,173,676,679],{},"After ",[58,674,675],{},"as if",[58,677,678],{},"as though",", a past verb marks the comparison as untrue:",[179,681,682,692],{},[85,683,684,691],{},[58,685,686,687,690],{},"He talks as if he ",[88,688,689],{},"owned"," the place."," (He does not.)",[85,693,694,700],{},[58,695,696,697,699],{},"She looked at me as though I ",[88,698,121],{}," mad."," (I was not.)",[54,702,703,704,710],{},"With a present verb, the comparison may well be true: ",[58,705,706,707,709],{},"it looks as if it\n",[88,708,94],{}," going to rain"," is a weather forecast, not a fantasy. The tense is the\nonly thing telling your listener whether you believe it.",[74,712,714],{"id":713},"the-fossils","The fossils",[54,716,717,718,720,721,724],{},"Old subjunctives survive in fixed phrases the way insects survive in amber.\nYou cannot change a word of them, and you do not need to analyse them - just\nrecognise the pattern when you see a bare ",[58,719,108],{}," or ",[58,722,723],{},"save"," where no rule you\nknow allows one:",[179,726,727,735,743,752,760,769,778,787,796],{},[85,728,729],{},[58,730,731,732,734],{},"God ",[88,733,723],{}," the King.",[85,736,737],{},[58,738,739,742],{},[88,740,741],{},"Long live"," the Queen.",[85,744,745,751],{},[58,746,747,750],{},[88,748,749],{},"Be"," that as it may..."," (= even so)",[85,753,754,759],{},[58,755,756],{},[88,757,758],{},"So be it."," (= I accept it, reluctantly)",[85,761,762,768],{},[58,763,764,767],{},[88,765,766],{},"Far be it"," from me to criticise."," (said immediately before criticising)",[85,770,771,777],{},[58,772,773,774,110],{},"If ",[88,775,776],{},"need be"," (= if it is necessary)",[85,779,780,786],{},[58,781,782,785],{},[88,783,784],{},"Come"," what may."," (= whatever happens)",[85,788,789,795],{},[58,790,791,794],{},[88,792,793],{},"Suffice"," it to say..."," (= I will only say this much)",[85,797,798],{},[58,799,800,801,110],{},"Heaven ",[88,802,803],{},"forbid",[54,805,806],{},"Each one is a complete museum piece: the grammar around it moved on\ncenturies ago and left it standing. Learn them as vocabulary, not as\ngrammar.",[74,808,810],{"id":809},"how-far-has-it-slipped","How far has it slipped?",[54,812,813],{},"A fair summary of the modern state of play:",[179,815,816,822,831,843],{},[85,817,818,821],{},[88,819,820],{},"Fossils",": fixed, permanent, no slippage possible.",[85,823,824,827,828,830],{},[88,825,826],{},"Mandative subjunctive",": alive and well in American English and in\nformal writing everywhere; largely replaced by ",[58,829,522],{}," or the plain\npresent in British speech.",[85,832,833,836,837,839,840,842],{},[88,834,835],{},"Were-subjunctive",": holding firm in ",[58,838,68],{},", in inversion and in\nprint; losing to ",[58,841,218],{}," in conversation almost everywhere else.",[85,844,845,848,849,102,852,173,854,856],{},[88,846,847],{},"Unreal past"," after ",[58,850,851],{},"it is time",[58,853,622],{},[58,855,675],{},": not\nslipping at all, because speakers no longer feel it as subjunctive - it is\nsimply how those constructions work.",[54,858,859,860,862],{},"Which is the practical rule for a learner: produce the unreal past\nconfidently, produce ",[58,861,68],{}," as a fixed phrase, produce the\nmandative subjunctive in writing, and treat everything else as\ncomprehension.",[74,864,866],{"id":865},"common-mistakes","Common mistakes",[54,868,869],{},"Ranked by how often learners actually make them.",[82,871,872,888,907,923,940,961],{},[85,873,874,394,877,880,881,884,885,887],{},[88,875,876],{},"Correcting the subjunctive away.",[58,878,879],{},"It is essential that she is\ninformed"," where formal writing wants ",[58,882,883],{},"that she be informed",". If a bare\n",[58,886,108],{}," looks wrong to you in a contract or a report, it is probably right.",[85,889,890,394,895,898,899,901,902,720,904,110],{},[88,891,892],{},[58,893,894],{},"I suggest him to go.",[58,896,897],{},"Suggest"," takes a ",[58,900,320],{},"-clause, never object\nplus infinitive. ",[58,903,397],{},[58,905,906],{},"I suggest going",[85,908,909,394,912,915,916,919,920,110],{},[88,910,911],{},"Do-support in the subjunctive negative.",[58,913,914],{},"They asked that he does not\ncome"," should be ",[58,917,918],{},"that he not come",". The mandative subjunctive never\nborrows ",[58,921,922],{},"do",[85,924,925,394,928,931,932,935,936,939],{},[88,926,927],{},"Present tense after it is time + subject.",[58,929,930],{},"It is time we go"," should\nbe ",[58,933,934],{},"it is time we went",". Either use the infinitive (",[58,937,938],{},"it is time to go",")\nor commit to the unreal past.",[85,941,942,948,949,952,953,956,957,960],{},[88,943,944,947],{},[58,945,946],{},"Would rather"," with the wrong machinery."," Same subject takes the bare\ninfinitive (",[58,950,951],{},"I would rather stay","), different subject takes the past\n(",[58,954,955],{},"I would rather you stayed","). ",[58,958,959],{},"I would rather you to stay"," belongs to\nneither pattern and to no variety of English.",[85,962,963,394,969,972,973,976,977,979],{},[88,964,965,968],{},[58,966,967],{},"Was"," in formal inversion.",[58,970,971],{},"Were I to fail"," cannot become ",[58,974,975],{},"Was I to\nfail",". If you invert, you are in formal territory and ",[58,978,121],{}," is the\ntoll.",[74,981,983],{"id":982},"practice","Practice",[54,985,986],{},"Choose the correct form. Answers are below.",[82,988,989,996,1002,1007,1012],{},[85,990,185,991,995],{},[992,993,994],"code",{},"___"," (be) you, I would apologise today.",[85,997,998,999,1001],{},"The doctor insisted that he ",[992,1000,994],{}," (stay) in bed.",[85,1003,581,1004,1006],{},[992,1005,994],{}," (learn) to cook.",[85,1008,637,1009,1011],{},[992,1010,994],{}," (not \u002F mention) the price.",[85,1013,1014,1015,1017],{},"It is essential that every window ",[992,1016,994],{}," (be) locked at night.",[54,1019,1020,1023,1024,1026,1027,1029,1030,1033],{},[88,1021,1022],{},"Answers:"," 1. were (unreal present) 2. stay (mandative subjunctive - no -s)\n3. learnt (unreal past after ",[58,1025,851],{},") 4. did not mention (unreal past\nafter ",[58,1028,622],{}," with a new subject) 5. be (mandative subjunctive after\n",[58,1031,1032],{},"essential",")",[54,1035,1036,1037,1039,1040,1042,1043,1047,1048,110],{},"The unreal past runs right through English: ",[141,1038,144],{"href":143},"\nuses it for regret, ",[141,1041,149],{"href":148},"\nuse it for imagined results, and ",[141,1044,1046],{"href":1045},"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fmixed-conditionals","mixed conditionals","\nstack the two. And for the full story of who kept the subjunctive and who\ndropped it, see ",[141,1049,531],{"href":530},{"title":1051,"searchDepth":1052,"depth":1052,"links":1053},"",2,[1054,1055,1056,1060,1065,1066,1067,1068],{"id":76,"depth":1052,"text":77},{"id":153,"depth":1052,"text":154},{"id":313,"depth":1052,"text":314,"children":1057},[1058],{"id":458,"depth":1059,"text":459},3,{"id":549,"depth":1052,"text":550,"children":1061},[1062,1063,1064],{"id":556,"depth":1059,"text":138},{"id":615,"depth":1059,"text":616},{"id":668,"depth":1059,"text":669},{"id":713,"depth":1052,"text":714},{"id":809,"depth":1052,"text":810},{"id":865,"depth":1052,"text":866},{"id":982,"depth":1052,"text":983},"B2-C1","Where the English subjunctive survives: the mandative subjunctive after suggest and insist, the were-subjunctive of if I were you, the unreal past after it's time and would rather, the fossil phrases, and how far everyday English has let them slip.",[1072,1095,1118],{"type":1073,"instructions":1074,"options":1075,"items":1078},"which-one","Choose the form each sentence requires.",[101,401,121,218,108,128,1076,1077],"leave","did not",[1079,1081,1083,1085,1087,1089,1091,1093],{"prompt":1080,"answer":101},"The committee demanded that he ___ at once.",{"prompt":1082,"answer":401},"My sister thinks he ___ to the gym every day.",{"prompt":1084,"answer":121},"If I ___ you, I would take the job.",{"prompt":1086,"answer":218},"When he ___ young, he lived in Rome.",{"prompt":1088,"answer":108},"It is important that she ___ told the truth.",{"prompt":1090,"answer":128},"It is time we ___.",{"prompt":1092,"answer":1076},"I would rather ___ now than wait for the last bus.",{"prompt":1094,"answer":1077},"I would rather you ___ tell anyone yet.",{"type":1096,"instructions":1097,"items":1098},"fill-blank","Write the missing word in each sentence.",[1099,1101,1103,1105,1108,1111,1114,1116],{"prompt":1100,"answer":121},"I wish I ___ taller.",{"prompt":1102,"answer":723},"God ___ the King!",{"prompt":1104,"answer":108},"The judge ordered that the money ___ returned.",{"prompt":1106,"answer":1107},"It is high ___ you found a job.","time",{"prompt":1109,"answer":1110},"Suppose we ___ the last train home. What then?","missed",{"prompt":1112,"answer":1113},"I would rather you ___ not park there.","did",{"prompt":1115,"answer":108},"Far ___ it from me to complain.",{"prompt":1117,"answer":108},"If need ___, we can walk.",{"type":1119,"instructions":1120,"pairs":1121},"match","Match each construction to what it expresses.",[1122,1124,1126,1129,1132,1135,1138,1141],{"left":241,"right":1123},"advice about an unreal present",{"left":138,"right":1125},"we should leave now",{"left":1127,"right":1128},"I would rather you did not","a soft no about the present",{"left":1130,"right":1131},"I insist that he be told","a demand about a future action",{"left":1133,"right":1134},"As if he were the boss","a comparison that is not true",{"left":1136,"right":1137},"Were I to lose my job","a formal unreal if-clause",{"left":1139,"right":1140},"Be that as it may","a fossil meaning even so",{"left":1142,"right":1143},"So be it","a fossil meaning I accept it","md",[1146,1149,1152,1155],{"q":1147,"a":1148},"Is I suggest he goes wrong?","Not in British English. British speakers have three options after suggest, demand and insist: the bare subjunctive (I suggest he go), should plus the infinitive (I suggest he should go), and the ordinary present (I suggest he goes). All three are standard. American English strongly prefers the bare subjunctive, so I suggest he go is the safest form on both sides of the Atlantic and the one formal writing expects.",{"q":1150,"a":1151},"Why do people say if I were you when the normal past of I is was?","Because were there is not a past tense at all. It is the old subjunctive of be, kept alive for unreal situations: if I were you, I wish I were taller, as if he were in charge. In casual speech was has replaced it almost everywhere (if I was rich), but if I were you survives as a fixed phrase, and formal writing still expects were for anything imagined or untrue.",{"q":1153,"a":1154},"What does it is time we left actually mean? Left is past, but we have not gone anywhere.","It means we should leave now. The past tense after it is time is unreal: it marks the situation as not yet true, not as finished. English regularly borrows the past tense to signal distance from reality rather than distance in time - the same trick appears after wish, would rather and the second conditional. It is time we left is about the present, and slightly impatient about it.",{"q":1156,"a":1157},"Is the English subjunctive dead?","Mostly, which is why learners rarely miss it and natives rarely notice it. It survives in two live corners - the mandative subjunctive after verbs like suggest and demand, and the were of unreal conditions - plus a museum of fossils such as God save the King, be that as it may, if need be and far be it from me. You need to recognise all of it and produce only a little of it.","english",{},true,"\u002Fenglish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fsubjunctive-and-unreal-past",{"title":48,"description":1070},"english\u002Fgrammar\u002Fsubjunctive-and-unreal-past","lKV74XScx6OExWvvYUbxEgq6GZ4JMtaM0HxVbrRi56A",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":1166},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M13 21h8M15 5l4 4m2.174-2.188a1 1 0 0 0-3.986-3.987L3.842 16.174a2 2 0 0 0-.5.83l-1.321 4.352a.5.5 0 0 0 .623.622l4.353-1.32a2 2 0 0 0 .83-.497z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":1168},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M11 4.702a.705.705 0 0 0-1.203-.498L6.413 7.587A1.4 1.4 0 0 1 5.416 8H3a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2.416a1.4 1.4 0 0 1 .997.413l3.383 3.384A.705.705 0 0 0 11 19.298zM16 9a5 5 0 0 1 0 6m3.364 3.364a9 9 0 0 0 0-12.728\"\u002F>"]