[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":2659},["ShallowReactive",2],{"i-lucide:chevron-down":3,"i-lucide:type":8,"i-lucide:layers":10,"i-lucide:menu":12,"i-lucide:house":14,"i-lucide:chevron-right":16,"i-lucide:list-ordered":18,"i-lucide:book-open":20,"i-lucide:library-big":22,"i-lucide:book-open-text":24,"i-lucide:graduation-cap":26,"i-lucide:languages":28,"i-lucide:gamepad-2":30,"i-lucide:presentation":32,"i-simple-icons:mastodon":34,"i-simple-icons:bluesky":36,"i-simple-icons:x":38,"i-simple-icons:linkedin":40,"curriculum-mandarin-c22-l2":43,"i-lucide:arrow-right":2645,"i-lucide:download":2647,"i-lucide:pencil-line":2649,"i-lucide:image":2651,"i-lucide:file-text":2653,"i-lucide:play":2655,"i-lucide:arrow-left":2657},{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":7},0,24,false,"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"m6 9l6 6l6-6\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":9},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M12 4v16M4 7V5a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h14a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v2M9 20h6\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":11},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M12.83 2.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 6.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.83l8.58 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0l8.58-3.9a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.83z\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M2 12a1 1 0 0 0 .58.91l8.6 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.65 0l8.58-3.9A1 1 0 0 0 22 12\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M2 17a1 1 0 0 0 .58.91l8.6 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.65 0l8.58-3.9A1 1 0 0 0 22 17\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":13},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M4 5h16M4 12h16M4 19h16\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":15},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M15 21v-8a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v8\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M3 10a2 2 0 0 1 .709-1.528l7-6a2 2 0 0 1 2.582 0l7 6A2 2 0 0 1 21 10v9a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":17},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"m9 18l6-6l-6-6\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":19},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M11 5h10m-10 7h10m-10 7h10M4 4h1v5M4 9h2m.5 11H3.4c0-1 2.6-1.925 2.6-3.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 0-2.6-1.02\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":21},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M12 7v14m-9-3a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5a4 4 0 0 1 4 4a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v13a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-6a3 3 0 0 0-3 3a3 3 0 0 0-3-3z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":23},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Crect width=\"8\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M7 3v18m13.4-2.1c.2.5-.1 1.1-.6 1.3l-1.9.7c-.5.2-1.1-.1-1.3-.6L11.1 5.1c-.2-.5.1-1.1.6-1.3l1.9-.7c.5-.2 1.1.1 1.3.6Z\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":25},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M12 7v14m4-9h2m-2-4h2M3 18a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5a4 4 0 0 1 4 4a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v13a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-6a3 3 0 0 0-3 3a3 3 0 0 0-3-3zm3-6h2M6 8h2\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":27},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M21.42 10.922a1 1 0 0 0-.019-1.838L12.83 5.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 9.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.832l8.57 3.908a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0zM22 10v6\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M6 12.5V16a6 3 0 0 0 12 0v-3.5\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":29},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"m5 8l6 6m-7 0l6-6l2-3M2 5h12M7 2h1m14 20l-5-10l-5 10m2-4h6\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":31},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M6 11h4M8 9v4m7-1h.01M18 10h.01m-.69-5H6.68a4 4 0 0 0-3.978 3.59l-.017.152C2.604 9.416 2 14.456 2 16a3 3 0 0 0 3 3c1 0 1.5-.5 2-1l1.414-1.414A2 2 0 0 1 9.828 16h4.344a2 2 0 0 1 1.414.586L17 18c.5.5 1 1 2 1a3 3 0 0 0 3-3c0-1.545-.604-6.584-.685-7.258q-.01-.075-.017-.151A4 4 0 0 0 17.32 5\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":33},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M2 3h20m-1 0v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V3m4 18l5-5l5 5\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":35},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M23.268 5.313c-.35-2.578-2.617-4.61-5.304-5.004C17.51.242 15.792 0 11.813 0h-.03c-3.98 0-4.835.242-5.288.309C3.882.692 1.496 2.518.917 5.127C.64 6.412.61 7.837.661 9.143c.074 1.874.088 3.745.26 5.611c.118 1.24.325 2.47.62 3.68c.55 2.237 2.777 4.098 4.96 4.857c2.336.792 4.849.923 7.256.38q.398-.092.786-.213c.585-.184 1.27-.39 1.774-.753a.06.06 0 0 0 .023-.043v-1.809a.05.05 0 0 0-.02-.041a.05.05 0 0 0-.046-.01a20.3 20.3 0 0 1-4.709.545c-2.73 0-3.463-1.284-3.674-1.818a5.6 5.6 0 0 1-.319-1.433a.053.053 0 0 1 .066-.054c1.517.363 3.072.546 4.632.546c.376 0 .75 0 1.125-.01c1.57-.044 3.224-.124 4.768-.422q.059-.011.11-.024c2.435-.464 4.753-1.92 4.989-5.604c.008-.145.03-1.52.03-1.67c.002-.512.167-3.63-.024-5.545m-3.748 9.195h-2.561V8.29c0-1.309-.55-1.976-1.67-1.976c-1.23 0-1.846.79-1.846 2.35v3.403h-2.546V8.663c0-1.56-.617-2.35-1.848-2.35c-1.112 0-1.668.668-1.67 1.977v6.218H4.822V8.102q0-1.965 1.011-3.12c.696-.77 1.608-1.164 2.74-1.164c1.311 0 2.302.5 2.962 1.498l.638 1.06l.638-1.06c.66-.999 1.65-1.498 2.96-1.498c1.13 0 2.043.395 2.74 1.164q1.012 1.155 1.012 3.12z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":37},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M5.202 2.857C7.954 4.922 10.913 9.11 12 11.358c1.087-2.247 4.046-6.436 6.798-8.501C20.783 1.366 24 .213 24 3.883c0 .732-.42 6.156-.667 7.037c-.856 3.061-3.978 3.842-6.755 3.37c4.854.826 6.089 3.562 3.422 6.299c-5.065 5.196-7.28-1.304-7.847-2.97c-.104-.305-.152-.448-.153-.327c0-.121-.05.022-.153.327c-.568 1.666-2.782 8.166-7.847 2.97c-2.667-2.737-1.432-5.473 3.422-6.3c-2.777.473-5.899-.308-6.755-3.369C.42 10.04 0 4.615 0 3.883c0-3.67 3.217-2.517 5.202-1.026\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":39},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M14.234 10.162L22.977 0h-2.072l-7.591 8.824L7.251 0H.258l9.168 13.343L.258 24H2.33l8.016-9.318L16.749 24h6.993zm-2.837 3.299l-.929-1.329L3.076 1.56h3.182l5.965 8.532l.929 1.329l7.754 11.09h-3.182z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":41,"hidden":42},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M20.447 20.452h-3.554v-5.569c0-1.328-.027-3.037-1.852-3.037c-1.853 0-2.136 1.445-2.136 2.939v5.667H9.351V9h3.414v1.561h.046c.477-.9 1.637-1.85 3.37-1.85c3.601 0 4.267 2.37 4.267 5.455v6.286zM5.337 7.433a2.06 2.06 0 0 1-2.063-2.065a2.064 2.064 0 1 1 2.063 2.065m1.782 13.019H3.555V9h3.564zM22.225 0H1.771C.792 0 0 .774 0 1.729v20.542C0 23.227.792 24 1.771 24h20.451C23.2 24 24 23.227 24 22.271V1.729C24 .774 23.2 0 22.222 0z\"\u002F>",true,[44,320,598,882,1192,1421,1667,1961,2207,2421],{"id":45,"title":46,"adjective":47,"audio":47,"author":47,"body":48,"cefrLevel":47,"date":47,"description":54,"etymology":59,"exampleAudio":63,"examples":64,"examplesLinkified":80,"extension":287,"faqs":47,"frequencyRank":288,"gcseTier":47,"hskLevel":47,"images":47,"intro":47,"ipa":56,"ipaSecondary":47,"language":289,"lastUpdated":47,"lemma":93,"lessonNumber":290,"mandarin":291,"meta":296,"navigation":42,"noun":47,"partOfSpeech":297,"path":298,"pronoun":47,"qualifications":47,"relatedWords":299,"relatedWordsResolved":305,"seo":315,"slug":94,"stem":316,"tier":317,"translation":318,"verb":47,"verbSlugs":47,"__hash__":319},"words\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fnue3-hai2-zi0.md","Nue3 Hai2 Zi0",null,{"type":49,"value":50,"toc":55},"minimark",[51],[52,53,54],"p",{},"女孩子 (nǚ hái zi) means a girl or young woman. It is slightly more colloquial and affectionate than the plain 女孩 and is very common in everyday speech.",{"title":56,"searchDepth":57,"depth":57,"links":58},"",2,[],{"summary":60,"origin":61,"root":62},"A compound of 女 (nǚ, female, a pictograph of a kneeling woman), 孩 (hái, child) and the noun suffix 子 (zi), together naming a female child or young woman.","compound","女 (nǚ, female) + 孩 (hái, child) + 子 (zi, suffix)",[47,47,47,47,47],[65,68,71,74,77],{"sentence":66,"translation":67,"audio":47},"那个女孩子很可爱。","That girl is very lovely.",{"sentence":69,"translation":70,"audio":47},"女孩子也可以做这份工作。","A girl can do this job too.",{"sentence":72,"translation":73,"audio":47},"她还是个小女孩子。","She is still a little girl.",{"sentence":75,"translation":76,"audio":47},"这群女孩子在公园里玩。","This group of girls is playing in the park.",{"sentence":78,"translation":79,"audio":47},"女孩子们都笑了起来。","The girls all started laughing.",[81,123,171,204,246],[82,92,105,111,121],{"text":83,"slug":84,"ruby":85},"那个","na4-ge0",[86,89],{"base":87,"pinyin":88},"那","nà",{"base":90,"pinyin":91},"个","ge",{"text":93,"slug":94,"ruby":95},"女孩子","nue3-hai2-zi0",[96,99,102],{"base":97,"pinyin":98},"女","nǚ",{"base":100,"pinyin":101},"孩","hái",{"base":103,"pinyin":104},"子","zi",{"text":106,"slug":107,"ruby":108},"很","hen3",[109],{"base":106,"pinyin":110},"hěn",{"text":112,"slug":113,"ruby":114},"可爱","ke3-ai4",[115,118],{"base":116,"pinyin":117},"可","kě",{"base":119,"pinyin":120},"爱","ài",{"text":122},"。",[124,129,135,143,149,155,161,170],{"text":93,"slug":94,"ruby":125},[126,127,128],{"base":97,"pinyin":98},{"base":100,"pinyin":101},{"base":103,"pinyin":104},{"text":130,"slug":131,"ruby":132},"也","ye3",[133],{"base":130,"pinyin":134},"yě",{"text":136,"slug":137,"ruby":138},"可以","ke3-yi3",[139,140],{"base":116,"pinyin":117},{"base":141,"pinyin":142},"以","yǐ",{"text":144,"slug":145,"ruby":146},"做","zuo4",[147],{"base":144,"pinyin":148},"zuò",{"text":150,"slug":151,"ruby":152},"这","zhe4",[153],{"base":150,"pinyin":154},"zhè",{"text":156,"slug":157,"ruby":158},"份","fen4",[159],{"base":156,"pinyin":160},"fèn",{"text":162,"slug":163,"ruby":164},"工作","gong1-zuo4",[165,168],{"base":166,"pinyin":167},"工","gōng",{"base":169,"pinyin":148},"作",{"text":122},[172,178,187,192,198,203],{"text":173,"slug":174,"ruby":175},"她","ta1-fem",[176],{"base":173,"pinyin":177},"tā",{"text":179,"slug":180,"ruby":181},"还是","hai2-shi4",[182,184],{"base":183,"pinyin":101},"还",{"base":185,"pinyin":186},"是","shì",{"text":90,"slug":188,"ruby":189},"ge4",[190],{"base":90,"pinyin":191},"gè",{"text":193,"slug":194,"ruby":195},"小","xiao3",[196],{"base":193,"pinyin":197},"xiǎo",{"text":93,"slug":94,"ruby":199},[200,201,202],{"base":97,"pinyin":98},{"base":100,"pinyin":101},{"base":103,"pinyin":104},{"text":122},[205,208,213,218,224,233,239,245],{"text":150,"slug":151,"ruby":206},[207],{"base":150,"pinyin":154},{"text":209,"ruby":210},"群",[211],{"base":209,"pinyin":212},"qún",{"text":93,"slug":94,"ruby":214},[215,216,217],{"base":97,"pinyin":98},{"base":100,"pinyin":101},{"base":103,"pinyin":104},{"text":219,"slug":220,"ruby":221},"在","zai4",[222],{"base":219,"pinyin":223},"zài",{"text":225,"slug":226,"ruby":227},"公园","gong1-yuan2",[228,230],{"base":229,"pinyin":167},"公",{"base":231,"pinyin":232},"园","yuán",{"text":234,"slug":235,"ruby":236},"里","li3",[237],{"base":234,"pinyin":238},"lǐ",{"text":240,"slug":241,"ruby":242},"玩","wan2",[243],{"base":240,"pinyin":244},"wán",{"text":122},[247,252,258,264,270,276,286],{"text":93,"slug":94,"ruby":248},[249,250,251],{"base":97,"pinyin":98},{"base":100,"pinyin":101},{"base":103,"pinyin":104},{"text":253,"slug":254,"ruby":255},"们","men0",[256],{"base":253,"pinyin":257},"men",{"text":259,"slug":260,"ruby":261},"都","dou1",[262],{"base":259,"pinyin":263},"dōu",{"text":265,"slug":266,"ruby":267},"笑","xiao4",[268],{"base":265,"pinyin":269},"xiào",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":273},"了","liao3",[274],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},"liǎo",{"text":277,"slug":278,"ruby":279},"起来","qi3-lai2",[280,283],{"base":281,"pinyin":282},"起","qǐ",{"base":284,"pinyin":285},"来","lái",{"text":122},"md",1911,"mandarin",39,{"pinyin":292,"pinyinNumeric":94,"simplified":93,"traditional":93,"hskLevel":47,"strokeCount":293,"toneSequence":294},"nǚ hái zi",[],[295,57,295],5,{},"noun","\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fnue3-hai2-zi0",[300,301,302,303,304],"nan2-hai2-zi3","nue3-ren2","hai2-zi3","gu1-niang2","nue3-er2",[306,309,312],{"slug":301,"lemma":307,"translation":308},"女人","woman, female",{"slug":303,"lemma":310,"translation":311},"姑娘","young woman, girl, miss",{"slug":304,"lemma":313,"translation":314},"女儿","daughter",{"description":54},"mandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fnue3-hai2-zi0","core-5000","girl, young woman","ehi60kMGgQvtyuiYZMeh6RmK5rFzmND-c30H_MbPnA0",{"id":321,"title":322,"adjective":47,"audio":47,"author":47,"body":323,"cefrLevel":47,"date":47,"description":327,"etymology":330,"exampleAudio":333,"examples":334,"examplesLinkified":350,"extension":287,"faqs":47,"frequencyRank":565,"gcseTier":47,"hskLevel":47,"images":47,"intro":47,"ipa":56,"ipaSecondary":47,"language":289,"lastUpdated":47,"lemma":353,"lessonNumber":290,"mandarin":566,"meta":573,"navigation":42,"noun":47,"partOfSpeech":574,"path":575,"pronoun":47,"qualifications":47,"relatedWords":576,"relatedWordsResolved":582,"seo":594,"slug":354,"stem":595,"tier":317,"translation":596,"verb":47,"verbSlugs":47,"__hash__":597},"words\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Ftian1-na4.md","Tian1 Na4",{"type":49,"value":324,"toc":328},[325],[52,326,327],{},"天呐 (tiān nà) is an exclamation of surprise or dismay, much like oh my goodness or good heavens in English. It is a colloquial variant of 天啊 and is heard constantly in casual speech.",{"title":56,"searchDepth":57,"depth":57,"links":329},[],{"summary":331,"origin":61,"root":332},"A combination of 天 (tiān, sky, heaven) and the exclamatory particle 呐 (nà), an emphatic mouth-radical variant used to voice surprise or dismay.","天 (tiān, heaven) + 呐 (nà, exclamatory particle)",[47,47,47,47,47],[335,338,341,344,347],{"sentence":336,"translation":337,"audio":47},"天呐，你怎么受伤了？","Good heavens, how did you get hurt?",{"sentence":339,"translation":340,"audio":47},"天呐，这也太贵了吧！","Oh my goodness, this is far too expensive!",{"sentence":342,"translation":343,"audio":47},"天呐，我把钥匙忘在家里了。","Oh my god, I have left my keys at home.",{"sentence":345,"translation":346,"audio":47},"天呐，外面下这么大的雨。","Good heavens, it is raining so heavily outside.",{"sentence":348,"translation":349,"audio":47},"天呐，他居然赢了比赛。","Oh my goodness, he actually won the match.",[351,394,429,478,524],[352,361,363,369,379,389,392],{"text":353,"slug":354,"ruby":355},"天呐","tian1-na4",[356,359],{"base":357,"pinyin":358},"天","tiān",{"base":360,"pinyin":88},"呐",{"text":362},"，",{"text":364,"slug":365,"ruby":366},"你","ni3",[367],{"base":364,"pinyin":368},"nǐ",{"text":370,"slug":371,"ruby":372},"怎么","zen3-me5",[373,376],{"base":374,"pinyin":375},"怎","zěn",{"base":377,"pinyin":378},"么","me",{"text":380,"slug":381,"ruby":382},"受伤","shou4-shang1",[383,386],{"base":384,"pinyin":385},"受","shòu",{"base":387,"pinyin":388},"伤","shāng",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":390},[391],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":393},"？",[395,399,400,403,406,412,418,421,427],{"text":353,"slug":354,"ruby":396},[397,398],{"base":357,"pinyin":358},{"base":360,"pinyin":88},{"text":362},{"text":150,"slug":151,"ruby":401},[402],{"base":150,"pinyin":154},{"text":130,"slug":131,"ruby":404},[405],{"base":130,"pinyin":134},{"text":407,"slug":408,"ruby":409},"太","tai4",[410],{"base":407,"pinyin":411},"tài",{"text":413,"slug":414,"ruby":415},"贵","gui4",[416],{"base":413,"pinyin":417},"guì",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":419},[420],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":422,"slug":423,"ruby":424},"吧","ba0",[425],{"base":422,"pinyin":426},"ba",{"text":428},"！",[430,434,435,441,447,457,463,471,474,477],{"text":353,"slug":354,"ruby":431},[432,433],{"base":357,"pinyin":358},{"base":360,"pinyin":88},{"text":362},{"text":436,"slug":437,"ruby":438},"我","wo3",[439],{"base":436,"pinyin":440},"wǒ",{"text":442,"slug":443,"ruby":444},"把","ba3",[445],{"base":442,"pinyin":446},"bǎ",{"text":448,"slug":449,"ruby":450},"钥匙","yao4-shi0-2",[451,454],{"base":452,"pinyin":453},"钥","yào",{"base":455,"pinyin":456},"匙","shi",{"text":458,"slug":459,"ruby":460},"忘","wang4",[461],{"base":458,"pinyin":462},"wàng",{"text":464,"slug":465,"ruby":466},"在家","zai4-jia1",[467,468],{"base":219,"pinyin":223},{"base":469,"pinyin":470},"家","jiā",{"text":234,"slug":235,"ruby":472},[473],{"base":234,"pinyin":238},{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":475},[476],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":122},[479,483,484,494,500,506,512,518,523],{"text":353,"slug":354,"ruby":480},[481,482],{"base":357,"pinyin":358},{"base":360,"pinyin":88},{"text":362},{"text":485,"slug":486,"ruby":487},"外面","wai4-mian4",[488,491],{"base":489,"pinyin":490},"外","wài",{"base":492,"pinyin":493},"面","miàn",{"text":495,"slug":496,"ruby":497},"下","xia4",[498],{"base":495,"pinyin":499},"xià",{"text":501,"slug":502,"ruby":503},"这么","zhe4-me0",[504,505],{"base":150,"pinyin":154},{"base":377,"pinyin":378},{"text":507,"slug":508,"ruby":509},"大","da4",[510],{"base":507,"pinyin":511},"dà",{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":515},"的","de0",[516],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},"de",{"text":519,"ruby":520},"雨",[521],{"base":519,"pinyin":522},"yǔ",{"text":122},[525,529,530,535,545,551,554,564],{"text":353,"slug":354,"ruby":526},[527,528],{"base":357,"pinyin":358},{"base":360,"pinyin":88},{"text":362},{"text":531,"slug":532,"ruby":533},"他","ta1",[534],{"base":531,"pinyin":177},{"text":536,"slug":537,"ruby":538},"居然","ju1-ran2",[539,542],{"base":540,"pinyin":541},"居","jū",{"base":543,"pinyin":544},"然","rán",{"text":546,"slug":547,"ruby":548},"赢","ying2",[549],{"base":546,"pinyin":550},"yíng",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":552},[553],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":555,"slug":556,"ruby":557},"比赛","bi3-sai4",[558,561],{"base":559,"pinyin":560},"比","bǐ",{"base":562,"pinyin":563},"赛","sài",{"text":122},1912,{"pinyin":567,"pinyinNumeric":354,"simplified":353,"traditional":568,"hskLevel":47,"strokeCount":569,"toneSequence":570},"tiān nà","天吶",[],[571,572],1,4,{},"interjection","\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Ftian1-na4",[577,578,579,580,581],"tian1-a0","tian1","a0","wa1","ai1-ya1",[583,585,588,591],{"slug":578,"lemma":357,"translation":584},"day, sky, heaven",{"slug":579,"lemma":586,"translation":587},"啊","ah, oh (exclamatory particle)",{"slug":580,"lemma":589,"translation":590},"哇","wow! (exclamation of admiration or surprise)",{"slug":581,"lemma":592,"translation":593},"哎呀","oh dear, oh no, ouch (exclamation of surprise or dismay)",{"description":327},"mandarin\u002Fwords\u002Ftian1-na4","oh my goodness, good heavens, oh my god","s0QXuFS2pndLnSSQHfnqQ5dVaCnN8Dx1JuCGpi5PveA",{"id":599,"title":600,"adjective":47,"audio":47,"author":47,"body":601,"cefrLevel":47,"date":47,"description":605,"etymology":608,"exampleAudio":611,"examples":612,"examplesLinkified":628,"extension":287,"faqs":47,"frequencyRank":859,"gcseTier":47,"hskLevel":47,"images":47,"intro":47,"ipa":56,"ipaSecondary":47,"language":289,"lastUpdated":47,"lemma":667,"lessonNumber":290,"mandarin":860,"meta":865,"navigation":42,"noun":47,"partOfSpeech":866,"path":867,"pronoun":47,"qualifications":47,"relatedWords":868,"relatedWordsResolved":874,"seo":878,"slug":668,"stem":879,"tier":317,"translation":880,"verb":47,"verbSlugs":47,"__hash__":881},"words\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fcheng2-fa2.md","Cheng2 Fa2",{"type":49,"value":602,"toc":606},[603],[52,604,605],{},"惩罚 (chéng fá) means to punish, and also names the punishment itself. It is more formal than everyday scolding and is used for disciplinary or legal penalties.",{"title":56,"searchDepth":57,"depth":57,"links":607},[],{"summary":609,"origin":61,"root":610},"A compound of 惩 (chéng, to discipline, to chastise, with the heart radical) and 罚 (fá, to penalise, with the net and speech elements suggesting being caught and reprimanded).","惩 (chéng, to chastise) + 罚 (fá, to penalise)",[47,47,47,47,47],[613,616,619,622,625],{"sentence":614,"translation":615,"audio":47},"老师不应该随便惩罚学生。","A teacher should not punish pupils carelessly.",{"sentence":617,"translation":618,"audio":47},"他因为撒谎受到了惩罚。","He was punished for lying.",{"sentence":620,"translation":621,"audio":47},"这种行为必须受到严厉的惩罚。","This kind of behaviour must be severely punished.",{"sentence":623,"translation":624,"audio":47},"父母惩罚了犯错的孩子。","The parents punished the child who had done wrong.",{"sentence":626,"translation":627,"audio":47},"法律会惩罚违法的人。","The law will punish those who break it.",[629,687,727,780,820],[630,640,646,656,666,676,686],{"text":631,"slug":632,"ruby":633},"老师","lao3-shi1",[634,637],{"base":635,"pinyin":636},"老","lǎo",{"base":638,"pinyin":639},"师","shī",{"text":641,"slug":642,"ruby":643},"不","bu4",[644],{"base":641,"pinyin":645},"bù",{"text":647,"slug":648,"ruby":649},"应该","ying1-gai1",[650,653],{"base":651,"pinyin":652},"应","yīng",{"base":654,"pinyin":655},"该","gāi",{"text":657,"slug":658,"ruby":659},"随便","sui2-bian4",[660,663],{"base":661,"pinyin":662},"随","suí",{"base":664,"pinyin":665},"便","biàn",{"text":667,"slug":668,"ruby":669},"惩罚","cheng2-fa2",[670,673],{"base":671,"pinyin":672},"惩","chéng",{"base":674,"pinyin":675},"罚","fá",{"text":677,"slug":678,"ruby":679},"学生","xue2-sheng1",[680,683],{"base":681,"pinyin":682},"学","xué",{"base":684,"pinyin":685},"生","shēng",{"text":122},[688,691,701,711,719,722,726],{"text":531,"slug":532,"ruby":689},[690],{"base":531,"pinyin":177},{"text":692,"slug":693,"ruby":694},"因为","yin1-wei4",[695,698],{"base":696,"pinyin":697},"因","yīn",{"base":699,"pinyin":700},"为","wèi",{"text":702,"slug":703,"ruby":704},"撒谎","sa1-huang3",[705,708],{"base":706,"pinyin":707},"撒","sā",{"base":709,"pinyin":710},"谎","huǎng",{"text":712,"slug":713,"ruby":714},"受到","shou4-dao4",[715,716],{"base":384,"pinyin":385},{"base":717,"pinyin":718},"到","dào",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":720},[721],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":667,"slug":668,"ruby":723},[724,725],{"base":671,"pinyin":672},{"base":674,"pinyin":675},{"text":122},[728,731,737,746,756,760,766,772,775,779],{"text":150,"slug":151,"ruby":729},[730],{"base":150,"pinyin":154},{"text":732,"slug":733,"ruby":734},"种","zhong3",[735],{"base":732,"pinyin":736},"zhǒng",{"text":738,"slug":739,"ruby":740},"行为","xing2-wei2",[741,744],{"base":742,"pinyin":743},"行","xíng",{"base":699,"pinyin":745},"wéi",{"text":747,"slug":748,"ruby":749},"必须","bi4-xu1",[750,753],{"base":751,"pinyin":752},"必","bì",{"base":754,"pinyin":755},"须","xū",{"text":712,"slug":713,"ruby":757},[758,759],{"base":384,"pinyin":385},{"base":717,"pinyin":718},{"text":761,"slug":762,"ruby":763},"严","yan2-3",[764],{"base":761,"pinyin":765},"yán",{"text":767,"slug":768,"ruby":769},"厉","li4-5",[770],{"base":767,"pinyin":771},"lì",{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":773},[774],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":667,"slug":668,"ruby":776},[777,778],{"base":671,"pinyin":672},{"base":674,"pinyin":675},{"text":122},[781,791,795,798,804,810,813,819],{"text":782,"slug":783,"ruby":784},"父母","fu4-mu3",[785,788],{"base":786,"pinyin":787},"父","fù",{"base":789,"pinyin":790},"母","mǔ",{"text":667,"slug":668,"ruby":792},[793,794],{"base":671,"pinyin":672},{"base":674,"pinyin":675},{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":796},[797],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":799,"slug":800,"ruby":801},"犯","fan4",[802],{"base":799,"pinyin":803},"fàn",{"text":805,"slug":806,"ruby":807},"错","cuo4",[808],{"base":805,"pinyin":809},"cuò",{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":811},[812],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":814,"slug":815,"ruby":816},"孩子","hai2-zi0",[817,818],{"base":100,"pinyin":101},{"base":103,"pinyin":104},{"text":122},[821,831,837,841,845,849,852,858],{"text":822,"slug":823,"ruby":824},"法律","fa3-lu4",[825,828],{"base":826,"pinyin":827},"法","fǎ",{"base":829,"pinyin":830},"律","lǜ",{"text":832,"slug":833,"ruby":834},"会","hui4",[835],{"base":832,"pinyin":836},"huì",{"text":667,"slug":668,"ruby":838},[839,840],{"base":671,"pinyin":672},{"base":674,"pinyin":675},{"text":842,"ruby":843},"违",[844],{"base":842,"pinyin":745},{"text":826,"slug":846,"ruby":847},"ban4-fa3",[848],{"base":826,"pinyin":827},{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":850},[851],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":853,"slug":854,"ruby":855},"人","ren2",[856],{"base":853,"pinyin":857},"rén",{"text":122},1913,{"pinyin":861,"pinyinNumeric":668,"simplified":667,"traditional":862,"hskLevel":47,"strokeCount":863,"toneSequence":864},"chéng fá","懲罰",[],[57,57],{},"verb","\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fcheng2-fa2",[869,870,871,872,873],"chu3-fa2","fa2","jiang3-li4","zui4","jiao4-xun4",[875],{"slug":872,"lemma":876,"translation":877},"最","most, -est (superlative)",{"description":605},"mandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fcheng2-fa2","to punish, punishment, penalty","1z8ww9lqon6V7l0VIrYlyLRCY2IlWLPeGTX2LV-PKXs",{"id":883,"title":884,"adjective":47,"audio":47,"author":47,"body":885,"cefrLevel":47,"date":47,"description":889,"etymology":892,"exampleAudio":895,"examples":896,"examplesLinkified":912,"extension":287,"faqs":47,"frequencyRank":1168,"gcseTier":47,"hskLevel":47,"images":47,"intro":47,"ipa":56,"ipaSecondary":47,"language":289,"lastUpdated":47,"lemma":935,"lessonNumber":290,"mandarin":1169,"meta":1174,"navigation":42,"noun":47,"partOfSpeech":866,"path":1175,"pronoun":47,"qualifications":47,"relatedWords":1176,"relatedWordsResolved":1182,"seo":1188,"slug":936,"stem":1189,"tier":317,"translation":1190,"verb":47,"verbSlugs":47,"__hash__":1191},"words\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fshi4-fang4.md","Shi4 Fang4",{"type":49,"value":886,"toc":890},[887],[52,888,889],{},"释放 (shì fàng) means to release or set free, whether a prisoner, built-up stress, or a substance given off. It is more formal than the plain verb 放.",{"title":56,"searchDepth":57,"depth":57,"links":891},[],{"summary":893,"origin":61,"root":894},"A compound of 释 (shì, to explain, to let go, with a component once linked to separating) and 放 (fàng, to put, to release), together meaning to set loose or let out.","释 (shì, to let go) + 放 (fàng, to release)",[47,47,47,47,47],[897,900,903,906,909],{"sentence":898,"translation":899,"audio":47},"警方决定释放那名嫌疑人。","The police decided to release the suspect.",{"sentence":901,"translation":902,"audio":47},"运动能帮助你释放压力。","Exercise can help you release stress.",{"sentence":904,"translation":905,"audio":47},"他被关了一年后终于获得释放。","He was finally released after being locked up for a year.",{"sentence":907,"translation":908,"audio":47},"这种植物会释放出香味。","This plant gives off a fragrance.",{"sentence":910,"translation":911,"audio":47},"政府释放了一些善意的信号。","The government sent out some goodwill signals.",[913,968,1012,1074,1117],[914,924,934,943,947,953,958,964,967],{"text":915,"slug":916,"ruby":917},"警方","jing3-fang1",[918,921],{"base":919,"pinyin":920},"警","jǐng",{"base":922,"pinyin":923},"方","fāng",{"text":925,"slug":926,"ruby":927},"决定","jue2-ding4",[928,931],{"base":929,"pinyin":930},"决","jué",{"base":932,"pinyin":933},"定","dìng",{"text":935,"slug":936,"ruby":937},"释放","shi4-fang4",[938,940],{"base":939,"pinyin":186},"释",{"base":941,"pinyin":942},"放","fàng",{"text":87,"slug":944,"ruby":945},"na4",[946],{"base":87,"pinyin":88},{"text":948,"slug":949,"ruby":950},"名","ming2",[951],{"base":948,"pinyin":952},"míng",{"text":954,"ruby":955},"嫌",[956],{"base":954,"pinyin":957},"xián",{"text":959,"slug":960,"ruby":961},"疑","yi2-2",[962],{"base":959,"pinyin":963},"yí",{"text":853,"slug":854,"ruby":965},[966],{"base":853,"pinyin":857},{"text":122},[969,979,985,995,998,1002,1011],{"text":970,"slug":971,"ruby":972},"运动","yun4-dong4",[973,976],{"base":974,"pinyin":975},"运","yùn",{"base":977,"pinyin":978},"动","dòng",{"text":980,"slug":981,"ruby":982},"能","neng2",[983],{"base":980,"pinyin":984},"néng",{"text":986,"slug":987,"ruby":988},"帮助","bang1-zhu4",[989,992],{"base":990,"pinyin":991},"帮","bāng",{"base":993,"pinyin":994},"助","zhù",{"text":364,"slug":365,"ruby":996},[997],{"base":364,"pinyin":368},{"text":935,"slug":936,"ruby":999},[1000,1001],{"base":939,"pinyin":186},{"base":941,"pinyin":942},{"text":1003,"slug":1004,"ruby":1005},"压力","ya1-li4",[1006,1009],{"base":1007,"pinyin":1008},"压","yā",{"base":1010,"pinyin":771},"力",{"text":122},[1013,1016,1022,1028,1031,1037,1043,1049,1059,1069,1073],{"text":531,"slug":532,"ruby":1014},[1015],{"base":531,"pinyin":177},{"text":1017,"slug":1018,"ruby":1019},"被","bei4",[1020],{"base":1017,"pinyin":1021},"bèi",{"text":1023,"slug":1024,"ruby":1025},"关","guan1",[1026],{"base":1023,"pinyin":1027},"guān",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":1029},[1030],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":1032,"slug":1033,"ruby":1034},"一","yi1",[1035],{"base":1032,"pinyin":1036},"yī",{"text":1038,"slug":1039,"ruby":1040},"年","nian2",[1041],{"base":1038,"pinyin":1042},"nián",{"text":1044,"slug":1045,"ruby":1046},"后","hou4",[1047],{"base":1044,"pinyin":1048},"hòu",{"text":1050,"slug":1051,"ruby":1052},"终于","zhong1-yu2",[1053,1056],{"base":1054,"pinyin":1055},"终","zhōng",{"base":1057,"pinyin":1058},"于","yú",{"text":1060,"slug":1061,"ruby":1062},"获得","huo4-de2",[1063,1066],{"base":1064,"pinyin":1065},"获","huò",{"base":1067,"pinyin":1068},"得","dé",{"text":935,"slug":936,"ruby":1070},[1071,1072],{"base":939,"pinyin":186},{"base":941,"pinyin":942},{"text":122},[1075,1078,1081,1086,1092,1095,1099,1105,1111,1116],{"text":150,"slug":151,"ruby":1076},[1077],{"base":150,"pinyin":154},{"text":732,"slug":733,"ruby":1079},[1080],{"base":732,"pinyin":736},{"text":1082,"ruby":1083},"植",[1084],{"base":1082,"pinyin":1085},"zhí",{"text":1087,"slug":1088,"ruby":1089},"物","wu4",[1090],{"base":1087,"pinyin":1091},"wù",{"text":832,"slug":833,"ruby":1093},[1094],{"base":832,"pinyin":836},{"text":935,"slug":936,"ruby":1096},[1097,1098],{"base":939,"pinyin":186},{"base":941,"pinyin":942},{"text":1100,"slug":1101,"ruby":1102},"出","chu1",[1103],{"base":1100,"pinyin":1104},"chū",{"text":1106,"slug":1107,"ruby":1108},"香","xiang1-gang3",[1109],{"base":1106,"pinyin":1110},"xiāng",{"text":1112,"slug":1113,"ruby":1114},"味","wei4-dao4",[1115],{"base":1112,"pinyin":700},{"text":122},[1118,1128,1132,1135,1144,1149,1154,1157,1167],{"text":1119,"slug":1120,"ruby":1121},"政府","zheng4-fu3",[1122,1125],{"base":1123,"pinyin":1124},"政","zhèng",{"base":1126,"pinyin":1127},"府","fǔ",{"text":935,"slug":936,"ruby":1129},[1130,1131],{"base":939,"pinyin":186},{"base":941,"pinyin":942},{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":1133},[1134],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":1136,"slug":1137,"ruby":1138},"一些","yi4-xie1",[1139,1141],{"base":1032,"pinyin":1140},"yì",{"base":1142,"pinyin":1143},"些","xiē",{"text":1145,"ruby":1146},"善",[1147],{"base":1145,"pinyin":1148},"shàn",{"text":1150,"slug":1151,"ruby":1152},"意","yi4-3",[1153],{"base":1150,"pinyin":1140},{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":1155},[1156],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":1158,"slug":1159,"ruby":1160},"信号","xin4-hao4",[1161,1164],{"base":1162,"pinyin":1163},"信","xìn",{"base":1165,"pinyin":1166},"号","hào",{"text":122},1914,{"pinyin":1170,"pinyinNumeric":936,"simplified":935,"traditional":1171,"hskLevel":47,"strokeCount":1172,"toneSequence":1173},"shì fàng","釋放",[],[572,572],{},"\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fshi4-fang4",[1177,1178,1179,1180,1181],"fang4","jie3-fang4","guan1-ya1","zi4-you2","jie3-jiu4",[1183,1185],{"slug":1177,"lemma":941,"translation":1184},"to put, to place, to let go, to release",{"slug":1180,"lemma":1186,"translation":1187},"自由","freedom, liberty; free, unrestricted",{"description":889},"mandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fshi4-fang4","to release, to set free, to let out","p4zFEJcOwb0nRj65CsixMCHgUJm6FKbvrGirGp_rt-0",{"id":1193,"title":1194,"adjective":47,"audio":47,"author":47,"body":1195,"cefrLevel":47,"date":47,"description":1199,"etymology":1202,"exampleAudio":1206,"examples":1207,"examplesLinkified":1223,"extension":287,"faqs":47,"frequencyRank":1399,"gcseTier":47,"hskLevel":47,"images":47,"intro":47,"ipa":56,"ipaSecondary":47,"language":289,"lastUpdated":47,"lemma":1233,"lessonNumber":290,"mandarin":1400,"meta":1404,"navigation":42,"noun":47,"partOfSpeech":1405,"path":1406,"pronoun":47,"qualifications":47,"relatedWords":1407,"relatedWordsResolved":1413,"seo":1417,"slug":1234,"stem":1418,"tier":317,"translation":1419,"verb":47,"verbSlugs":47,"__hash__":1420},"words\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fchao3.md","Chao3",{"type":49,"value":1196,"toc":1200},[1197],[52,1198,1199],{},"吵 (chǎo) means noisy as an adjective, and as a verb to make a noise, to disturb, or to quarrel. The mouth radical 口 links it to sound and the voice.",{"title":56,"searchDepth":57,"depth":57,"links":1201},[],{"summary":1203,"origin":1204,"root":1205},"A phono-semantic compound with 口 (kǒu, mouth) supplying the meaning of sound and speech, and 少 (shǎo) supplying the sound.","phono-semantic","口 (kǒu, mouth) + 少 (shǎo, phonetic)",[47,47,47,47,47],[1208,1211,1214,1217,1220],{"sentence":1209,"translation":1210,"audio":47},"外面太吵了，我睡不着。","It is too noisy outside, I cannot get to sleep.",{"sentence":1212,"translation":1213,"audio":47},"你们别吵了！","Stop quarrelling, you two!",{"sentence":1215,"translation":1216,"audio":47},"孩子的哭声吵醒了我。","The child's crying woke me up.",{"sentence":1218,"translation":1219,"audio":47},"他们经常为小事吵架。","They often quarrel over trivial matters.",{"sentence":1221,"translation":1222,"audio":47},"请小声一点，不要吵到别人。","Please keep your voice down and do not disturb others.",[1224,1261,1281,1316,1355],[1225,1229,1232,1238,1241,1242,1245,1251,1254,1260],{"text":485,"slug":486,"ruby":1226},[1227,1228],{"base":489,"pinyin":490},{"base":492,"pinyin":493},{"text":407,"slug":408,"ruby":1230},[1231],{"base":407,"pinyin":411},{"text":1233,"slug":1234,"ruby":1235},"吵","chao3",[1236],{"base":1233,"pinyin":1237},"chǎo",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":1239},[1240],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":362},{"text":436,"slug":437,"ruby":1243},[1244],{"base":436,"pinyin":440},{"text":1246,"slug":1247,"ruby":1248},"睡","shui4",[1249],{"base":1246,"pinyin":1250},"shuì",{"text":641,"slug":642,"ruby":1252},[1253],{"base":641,"pinyin":645},{"text":1255,"slug":1256,"ruby":1257},"着","zhe0",[1258],{"base":1255,"pinyin":1259},"zhe",{"text":122},[1262,1268,1274,1277,1280],{"text":1263,"slug":1264,"ruby":1265},"你们","ni3-men5",[1266,1267],{"base":364,"pinyin":368},{"base":253,"pinyin":257},{"text":1269,"slug":1270,"ruby":1271},"别","bie2",[1272],{"base":1269,"pinyin":1273},"bié",{"text":1233,"slug":1234,"ruby":1275},[1276],{"base":1233,"pinyin":1237},{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":1278},[1279],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":428},[1282,1286,1289,1295,1300,1303,1309,1312,1315],{"text":814,"slug":815,"ruby":1283},[1284,1285],{"base":100,"pinyin":101},{"base":103,"pinyin":104},{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":1287},[1288],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":1290,"slug":1291,"ruby":1292},"哭","ku1",[1293],{"base":1290,"pinyin":1294},"kū",{"text":1296,"slug":1297,"ruby":1298},"声","sheng1-2",[1299],{"base":1296,"pinyin":685},{"text":1233,"slug":1234,"ruby":1301},[1302],{"base":1233,"pinyin":1237},{"text":1304,"slug":1305,"ruby":1306},"醒","ti2-xing3",[1307],{"base":1304,"pinyin":1308},"xǐng",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":1310},[1311],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":436,"slug":437,"ruby":1313},[1314],{"base":436,"pinyin":440},{"text":122},[1317,1323,1333,1337,1340,1345,1348,1354],{"text":1318,"slug":1319,"ruby":1320},"他们","ta1-men5",[1321,1322],{"base":531,"pinyin":177},{"base":253,"pinyin":257},{"text":1324,"slug":1325,"ruby":1326},"经常","jing1-chang2",[1327,1330],{"base":1328,"pinyin":1329},"经","jīng",{"base":1331,"pinyin":1332},"常","cháng",{"text":699,"slug":1334,"ruby":1335},"wei4",[1336],{"base":699,"pinyin":700},{"text":193,"slug":194,"ruby":1338},[1339],{"base":193,"pinyin":197},{"text":1341,"slug":1342,"ruby":1343},"事","shi4-2",[1344],{"base":1341,"pinyin":186},{"text":1233,"slug":1234,"ruby":1346},[1347],{"base":1233,"pinyin":1237},{"text":1349,"slug":1350,"ruby":1351},"架","bang3-jia4",[1352],{"base":1349,"pinyin":1353},"jià",{"text":122},[1356,1362,1365,1368,1376,1377,1385,1388,1392,1398],{"text":1357,"slug":1358,"ruby":1359},"请","qing3",[1360],{"base":1357,"pinyin":1361},"qǐng",{"text":193,"slug":194,"ruby":1363},[1364],{"base":193,"pinyin":197},{"text":1296,"slug":1297,"ruby":1366},[1367],{"base":1296,"pinyin":685},{"text":1369,"slug":1370,"ruby":1371},"一点","yi4-dian3",[1372,1373],{"base":1032,"pinyin":1140},{"base":1374,"pinyin":1375},"点","diǎn",{"text":362},{"text":1378,"slug":1379,"ruby":1380},"不要","bu2-yao4",[1381,1383],{"base":641,"pinyin":1382},"bú",{"base":1384,"pinyin":453},"要",{"text":1233,"slug":1234,"ruby":1386},[1387],{"base":1233,"pinyin":1237},{"text":717,"slug":1389,"ruby":1390},"dao4",[1391],{"base":717,"pinyin":718},{"text":1393,"slug":1394,"ruby":1395},"别人","bie2-ren2",[1396,1397],{"base":1269,"pinyin":1273},{"base":853,"pinyin":857},{"text":122},1915,{"pinyin":1237,"pinyinNumeric":1234,"simplified":1233,"traditional":1233,"hskLevel":47,"strokeCount":1401,"toneSequence":1402},[],[1403],3,{},"adjective","\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fchao3",[1408,1409,1410,1411,1412],"chao3-jia4","chao3-nao4","an1-jing4","nao4","zheng1-chao3",[1414],{"slug":1410,"lemma":1415,"translation":1416},"安静","quiet, calm, peaceful",{"description":1199},"mandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fchao3","noisy, to make a noise, to quarrel, to disturb","xRfDjj1pgcpL0TbyAE6148nLOlM0-0e__aIEnp3hAXo",{"id":1422,"title":1423,"adjective":47,"audio":47,"author":47,"body":1424,"cefrLevel":47,"date":47,"description":1428,"etymology":1431,"exampleAudio":1435,"examples":1436,"examplesLinkified":1452,"extension":287,"faqs":47,"frequencyRank":1644,"gcseTier":47,"hskLevel":47,"images":47,"intro":47,"ipa":56,"ipaSecondary":47,"language":289,"lastUpdated":47,"lemma":1482,"lessonNumber":290,"mandarin":1645,"meta":1648,"navigation":42,"noun":47,"partOfSpeech":1649,"path":1650,"pronoun":47,"qualifications":47,"relatedWords":1651,"relatedWordsResolved":1655,"seo":1663,"slug":1483,"stem":1664,"tier":317,"translation":1665,"verb":47,"verbSlugs":47,"__hash__":1666},"words\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fwei4-4.md","Wei4 4",{"type":49,"value":1425,"toc":1429},[1426],[52,1427,1428],{},"位 (wèi) is the polite measure word for people, used in place of 个 to show respect, as in 这位老师. It also means a position, place, or seat in compounds such as 位置 and 座位.",{"title":56,"searchDepth":57,"depth":57,"links":1430},[],{"summary":1432,"origin":1433,"root":1434},"An ideograph combining 人 (rén, person, as the standing-figure radical) with 立 (lì, to stand), originally depicting a person standing in their proper place at court.","ideograph","人 (rén, person) + 立 (lì, to stand)",[47,47,47,47,47],[1437,1440,1443,1446,1449],{"sentence":1438,"translation":1439,"audio":47},"请问您是哪一位？","May I ask who you are?",{"sentence":1441,"translation":1442,"audio":47},"今天有三位客人来访。","Three guests came to visit today.",{"sentence":1444,"translation":1445,"audio":47},"这位老师很受学生欢迎。","This teacher is very popular with the pupils.",{"sentence":1447,"translation":1448,"audio":47},"各位请坐到自己的座位上。","Everyone please sit in your own seat.",{"sentence":1450,"translation":1451,"audio":47},"他在公司里地位很高。","He holds a high position in the company.",[1453,1487,1529,1561,1607],[1454,1462,1468,1472,1478,1481,1486],{"text":1455,"slug":1456,"ruby":1457},"请问","qing3-wen4",[1458,1459],{"base":1357,"pinyin":1361},{"base":1460,"pinyin":1461},"问","wèn",{"text":1463,"slug":1464,"ruby":1465},"您","nin2",[1466],{"base":1463,"pinyin":1467},"nín",{"text":185,"slug":1469,"ruby":1470},"shi4",[1471],{"base":185,"pinyin":186},{"text":1473,"slug":1474,"ruby":1475},"哪","na3",[1476],{"base":1473,"pinyin":1477},"nǎ",{"text":1032,"slug":1033,"ruby":1479},[1480],{"base":1032,"pinyin":1036},{"text":1482,"slug":1483,"ruby":1484},"位","wei4-4",[1485],{"base":1482,"pinyin":700},{"text":393},[1488,1496,1502,1508,1511,1519,1523,1528],{"text":1489,"slug":1490,"ruby":1491},"今天","jin1-tian1",[1492,1495],{"base":1493,"pinyin":1494},"今","jīn",{"base":357,"pinyin":358},{"text":1497,"slug":1498,"ruby":1499},"有","you3",[1500],{"base":1497,"pinyin":1501},"yǒu",{"text":1503,"slug":1504,"ruby":1505},"三","san1",[1506],{"base":1503,"pinyin":1507},"sān",{"text":1482,"slug":1483,"ruby":1509},[1510],{"base":1482,"pinyin":700},{"text":1512,"slug":1513,"ruby":1514},"客人","ke4-ren2",[1515,1518],{"base":1516,"pinyin":1517},"客","kè",{"base":853,"pinyin":857},{"text":284,"slug":1520,"ruby":1521},"lai2",[1522],{"base":284,"pinyin":285},{"text":1524,"ruby":1525},"访",[1526],{"base":1524,"pinyin":1527},"fǎng",{"text":122},[1530,1533,1536,1540,1543,1547,1551,1560],{"text":150,"slug":151,"ruby":1531},[1532],{"base":150,"pinyin":154},{"text":1482,"slug":1483,"ruby":1534},[1535],{"base":1482,"pinyin":700},{"text":631,"slug":632,"ruby":1537},[1538,1539],{"base":635,"pinyin":636},{"base":638,"pinyin":639},{"text":106,"slug":107,"ruby":1541},[1542],{"base":106,"pinyin":110},{"text":384,"slug":1544,"ruby":1545},"shou4",[1546],{"base":384,"pinyin":385},{"text":677,"slug":678,"ruby":1548},[1549,1550],{"base":681,"pinyin":682},{"base":684,"pinyin":685},{"text":1552,"slug":1553,"ruby":1554},"欢迎","huan1-ying2",[1555,1558],{"base":1556,"pinyin":1557},"欢","huān",{"base":1559,"pinyin":550},"迎",{"text":122},[1562,1569,1572,1577,1580,1590,1593,1597,1600,1606],{"text":1563,"slug":1564,"ruby":1565},"各位","ge4-wei4",[1566,1568],{"base":1567,"pinyin":191},"各",{"base":1482,"pinyin":700},{"text":1357,"slug":1358,"ruby":1570},[1571],{"base":1357,"pinyin":1361},{"text":1573,"slug":1574,"ruby":1575},"坐","zuo4-2",[1576],{"base":1573,"pinyin":148},{"text":717,"slug":1389,"ruby":1578},[1579],{"base":717,"pinyin":718},{"text":1581,"slug":1582,"ruby":1583},"自己","zi4-ji3",[1584,1587],{"base":1585,"pinyin":1586},"自","zì",{"base":1588,"pinyin":1589},"己","jǐ",{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":1591},[1592],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":1594,"ruby":1595},"座",[1596],{"base":1594,"pinyin":148},{"text":1482,"slug":1483,"ruby":1598},[1599],{"base":1482,"pinyin":700},{"text":1601,"slug":1602,"ruby":1603},"上","shang4",[1604],{"base":1601,"pinyin":1605},"shàng",{"text":122},[1608,1611,1614,1622,1625,1631,1634,1637,1643],{"text":531,"slug":532,"ruby":1609},[1610],{"base":531,"pinyin":177},{"text":219,"slug":220,"ruby":1612},[1613],{"base":219,"pinyin":223},{"text":1615,"slug":1616,"ruby":1617},"公司","gong1-si1",[1618,1619],{"base":229,"pinyin":167},{"base":1620,"pinyin":1621},"司","sī",{"text":234,"slug":235,"ruby":1623},[1624],{"base":234,"pinyin":238},{"text":1626,"slug":1627,"ruby":1628},"地","di4",[1629],{"base":1626,"pinyin":1630},"dì",{"text":1482,"slug":1483,"ruby":1632},[1633],{"base":1482,"pinyin":700},{"text":106,"slug":107,"ruby":1635},[1636],{"base":106,"pinyin":110},{"text":1638,"slug":1639,"ruby":1640},"高","gao1",[1641],{"base":1638,"pinyin":1642},"gāo",{"text":122},1916,{"pinyin":700,"pinyinNumeric":1334,"simplified":1482,"traditional":1482,"hskLevel":47,"strokeCount":1646,"toneSequence":1647},[],[572],{},"measure word","\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fwei4-4",[188,1652,1653,1654,949],"wei4-zhi4","zuo4-wei4","di4-wei4",[1656,1658,1661],{"slug":188,"lemma":90,"translation":1657},"general measure word for people and things",{"slug":1652,"lemma":1659,"translation":1660},"位置","position, location, place",{"slug":949,"lemma":948,"translation":1662},"name, fame, measure word for people",{"description":1428},"mandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fwei4-4","polite measure word for people, place, position, seat","c6s8yVG81N0xXAIvnYv6WDPCq5a0XIPcdsqgH3TgNSY",{"id":1668,"title":1669,"adjective":47,"audio":47,"author":47,"body":1670,"cefrLevel":47,"date":47,"description":1674,"etymology":1677,"exampleAudio":1680,"examples":1681,"examplesLinkified":1697,"extension":287,"faqs":47,"frequencyRank":1933,"gcseTier":47,"hskLevel":47,"images":47,"intro":47,"ipa":56,"ipaSecondary":47,"language":289,"lastUpdated":47,"lemma":1724,"lessonNumber":290,"mandarin":1934,"meta":1939,"navigation":42,"noun":47,"partOfSpeech":1940,"path":1941,"pronoun":47,"qualifications":47,"relatedWords":1942,"relatedWordsResolved":1948,"seo":1957,"slug":1725,"stem":1958,"tier":317,"translation":1959,"verb":47,"verbSlugs":47,"__hash__":1960},"words\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fshun4-bian4.md","Shun4 Bian4",{"type":49,"value":1671,"toc":1675},[1672],[52,1673,1674],{},"顺便 (shùn biàn) is an adverb meaning in passing or while one is at it, used for an extra action done conveniently alongside the main one. It also serves as a polite lead-in like by the way.",{"title":56,"searchDepth":57,"depth":57,"links":1676},[],{"summary":1678,"origin":61,"root":1679},"A compound of 顺 (shùn, to follow along, to go with the flow) and 便 (biàn, convenient), conveying doing something conveniently along the way.","顺 (shùn, to follow along) + 便 (biàn, convenient)",[47,47,47,47,47],[1682,1685,1688,1691,1694],{"sentence":1683,"translation":1684,"audio":47},"你出门的时候顺便买点面包。","Buy some bread on your way out while you are at it.",{"sentence":1686,"translation":1687,"audio":47},"我顺便问一下，会议几点开始？","By the way, what time does the meeting start?",{"sentence":1689,"translation":1690,"audio":47},"回家时他顺便把信寄了。","On his way home he posted the letter in passing.",{"sentence":1692,"translation":1693,"audio":47},"顺便提一句，明天放假。","Just to mention in passing, tomorrow is a holiday.",{"sentence":1695,"translation":1696,"audio":47},"既然你去超市，顺便帮我带瓶牛奶。","Since you are going to the supermarket, grab me a bottle of milk while you are there.",[1698,1752,1797,1833,1870],[1699,1702,1705,1711,1714,1723,1731,1737,1741,1745,1751],{"text":364,"slug":365,"ruby":1700},[1701],{"base":364,"pinyin":368},{"text":1100,"slug":1101,"ruby":1703},[1704],{"base":1100,"pinyin":1104},{"text":1706,"slug":1707,"ruby":1708},"门","men2-2",[1709],{"base":1706,"pinyin":1710},"mén",{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":1712},[1713],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":1715,"slug":1716,"ruby":1717},"时候","shi2-hou4",[1718,1721],{"base":1719,"pinyin":1720},"时","shí",{"base":1722,"pinyin":1048},"候",{"text":1724,"slug":1725,"ruby":1726},"顺便","shun4-bian4",[1727,1730],{"base":1728,"pinyin":1729},"顺","shùn",{"base":664,"pinyin":665},{"text":1732,"slug":1733,"ruby":1734},"买","mai3",[1735],{"base":1732,"pinyin":1736},"mǎi",{"text":1374,"slug":1738,"ruby":1739},"dian3",[1740],{"base":1374,"pinyin":1375},{"text":492,"slug":1742,"ruby":1743},"mian4",[1744],{"base":492,"pinyin":493},{"text":1746,"slug":1747,"ruby":1748},"包","bao1",[1749],{"base":1746,"pinyin":1750},"bāo",{"text":122},[1753,1756,1760,1764,1770,1771,1778,1783,1786,1796],{"text":436,"slug":437,"ruby":1754},[1755],{"base":436,"pinyin":440},{"text":1724,"slug":1725,"ruby":1757},[1758,1759],{"base":1728,"pinyin":1729},{"base":664,"pinyin":665},{"text":1460,"slug":1761,"ruby":1762},"wen4",[1763],{"base":1460,"pinyin":1461},{"text":1765,"slug":1766,"ruby":1767},"一下","yi2-xia4",[1768,1769],{"base":1032,"pinyin":963},{"base":495,"pinyin":499},{"text":362},{"text":1772,"slug":1773,"ruby":1774},"会议","hui4-yi4",[1775,1776],{"base":832,"pinyin":836},{"base":1777,"pinyin":1140},"议",{"text":1779,"slug":1780,"ruby":1781},"几","ji3",[1782],{"base":1779,"pinyin":1589},{"text":1374,"slug":1738,"ruby":1784},[1785],{"base":1374,"pinyin":1375},{"text":1787,"slug":1788,"ruby":1789},"开始","kai1-shi3",[1790,1793],{"base":1791,"pinyin":1792},"开","kāi",{"base":1794,"pinyin":1795},"始","shǐ",{"text":393},[1798,1806,1810,1813,1817,1820,1824,1829,1832],{"text":1799,"slug":1800,"ruby":1801},"回家","hui2-jia1",[1802,1805],{"base":1803,"pinyin":1804},"回","huí",{"base":469,"pinyin":470},{"text":1719,"slug":1807,"ruby":1808},"shi2",[1809],{"base":1719,"pinyin":1720},{"text":531,"slug":532,"ruby":1811},[1812],{"base":531,"pinyin":177},{"text":1724,"slug":1725,"ruby":1814},[1815,1816],{"base":1728,"pinyin":1729},{"base":664,"pinyin":665},{"text":442,"slug":443,"ruby":1818},[1819],{"base":442,"pinyin":446},{"text":1162,"slug":1821,"ruby":1822},"xin4",[1823],{"base":1162,"pinyin":1163},{"text":1825,"ruby":1826},"寄",[1827],{"base":1825,"pinyin":1828},"jì",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":1830},[1831],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":122},[1834,1838,1844,1847,1852,1853,1860,1863,1869],{"text":1724,"slug":1725,"ruby":1835},[1836,1837],{"base":1728,"pinyin":1729},{"base":664,"pinyin":665},{"text":1839,"slug":1840,"ruby":1841},"提","ti2",[1842],{"base":1839,"pinyin":1843},"tí",{"text":1032,"slug":1033,"ruby":1845},[1846],{"base":1032,"pinyin":1036},{"text":1848,"ruby":1849},"句",[1850],{"base":1848,"pinyin":1851},"jù",{"text":362},{"text":1854,"slug":1855,"ruby":1856},"明天","ming2-tian1",[1857,1859],{"base":1858,"pinyin":952},"明",{"base":357,"pinyin":358},{"text":941,"slug":1177,"ruby":1861},[1862],{"base":941,"pinyin":942},{"text":1864,"slug":1865,"ruby":1866},"假","jia3",[1867],{"base":1864,"pinyin":1868},"jiǎ",{"text":122},[1871,1878,1881,1887,1893,1898,1899,1903,1907,1910,1916,1921,1926,1932],{"text":1872,"slug":1873,"ruby":1874},"既然","ji4-ran2",[1875,1877],{"base":1876,"pinyin":1828},"既",{"base":543,"pinyin":544},{"text":364,"slug":365,"ruby":1879},[1880],{"base":364,"pinyin":368},{"text":1882,"slug":1883,"ruby":1884},"去","qu4",[1885],{"base":1882,"pinyin":1886},"qù",{"text":1888,"slug":1889,"ruby":1890},"超","chao1-guo4",[1891],{"base":1888,"pinyin":1892},"chāo",{"text":1894,"slug":1895,"ruby":1896},"市","cheng2-shi4",[1897],{"base":1894,"pinyin":186},{"text":362},{"text":1724,"slug":1725,"ruby":1900},[1901,1902],{"base":1728,"pinyin":1729},{"base":664,"pinyin":665},{"text":990,"slug":1904,"ruby":1905},"bang1",[1906],{"base":990,"pinyin":991},{"text":436,"slug":437,"ruby":1908},[1909],{"base":436,"pinyin":440},{"text":1911,"slug":1912,"ruby":1913},"带","dai4",[1914],{"base":1911,"pinyin":1915},"dài",{"text":1917,"ruby":1918},"瓶",[1919],{"base":1917,"pinyin":1920},"píng",{"text":1922,"ruby":1923},"牛",[1924],{"base":1922,"pinyin":1925},"niú",{"text":1927,"slug":1928,"ruby":1929},"奶","nai3-nai0",[1930],{"base":1927,"pinyin":1931},"nǎi",{"text":122},1917,{"pinyin":1935,"pinyinNumeric":1725,"simplified":1724,"traditional":1936,"hskLevel":47,"strokeCount":1937,"toneSequence":1938},"shùn biàn","順便",[],[572,572],{},"adverb","\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fshun4-bian4",[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"shun4-li4","fang1-bian4","shun4","bian4","shun4-dao4",[1949,1952,1955],{"slug":1943,"lemma":1950,"translation":1951},"顺利","smooth, going well, without a hitch",{"slug":1944,"lemma":1953,"translation":1954},"方便","convenient, handy",{"slug":1946,"lemma":664,"translation":1956},"then, in that case; convenient",{"description":1674},"mandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fshun4-bian4","in passing, while one is at it, conveniently","QGEMOoTeb_T14jsSyusghAorrvhuTjuBqbNbCuyWWWo",{"id":1962,"title":1963,"adjective":47,"audio":47,"author":47,"body":1964,"cefrLevel":47,"date":47,"description":1968,"etymology":1971,"exampleAudio":1974,"examples":1975,"examplesLinkified":1991,"extension":287,"faqs":47,"frequencyRank":2183,"gcseTier":47,"hskLevel":47,"images":47,"intro":47,"ipa":56,"ipaSecondary":47,"language":289,"lastUpdated":47,"lemma":2000,"lessonNumber":290,"mandarin":2184,"meta":2189,"navigation":42,"noun":47,"partOfSpeech":1405,"path":2190,"pronoun":47,"qualifications":47,"relatedWords":2191,"relatedWordsResolved":2197,"seo":2203,"slug":2001,"stem":2204,"tier":317,"translation":2205,"verb":47,"verbSlugs":47,"__hash__":2206},"words\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fwu2-gu1.md","Wu2 Gu1",{"type":49,"value":1965,"toc":1969},[1966],[52,1967,1968],{},"无辜 (wú gū) means innocent or free of guilt, and can also stand for an innocent person. It is common in legal and moral contexts, often describing those caught up in harm they did not cause.",{"title":56,"searchDepth":57,"depth":57,"links":1970},[],{"summary":1972,"origin":61,"root":1973},"A compound of 无 (wú, without) and 辜 (gū, guilt, crime), literally without guilt, hence innocent.","无 (wú, without) + 辜 (gū, guilt)",[47,47,47,47,47],[1976,1979,1982,1985,1988],{"sentence":1977,"translation":1978,"audio":47},"他是无辜的，不该被怀疑。","He is innocent and should not be suspected.",{"sentence":1980,"translation":1981,"audio":47},"战争伤害了许多无辜的人。","The war harmed many innocent people.",{"sentence":1983,"translation":1984,"audio":47},"她睁着一双无辜的眼睛。","She gazed with a pair of innocent eyes.",{"sentence":1986,"translation":1987,"audio":47},"不要让无辜的人受到牵连。","Do not let innocent people get dragged into it.",{"sentence":1989,"translation":1990,"audio":47},"法官最终还了他一个无辜。","The judge finally cleared his name.",[1992,2031,2074,2110,2147],[1993,1996,1999,2009,2012,2013,2019,2022,2030],{"text":531,"slug":532,"ruby":1994},[1995],{"base":531,"pinyin":177},{"text":185,"slug":1469,"ruby":1997},[1998],{"base":185,"pinyin":186},{"text":2000,"slug":2001,"ruby":2002},"无辜","wu2-gu1",[2003,2006],{"base":2004,"pinyin":2005},"无","wú",{"base":2007,"pinyin":2008},"辜","gū",{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":2010},[2011],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":362},{"text":2014,"slug":2015,"ruby":2016},"不该","bu4-gai1",[2017,2018],{"base":641,"pinyin":645},{"base":654,"pinyin":655},{"text":1017,"slug":1018,"ruby":2020},[2021],{"base":1017,"pinyin":1021},{"text":2023,"slug":2024,"ruby":2025},"怀疑","huai2-yi2",[2026,2029],{"base":2027,"pinyin":2028},"怀","huái",{"base":959,"pinyin":963},{"text":122},[2032,2042,2050,2053,2063,2067,2070,2073],{"text":2033,"slug":2034,"ruby":2035},"战争","zhan4-zheng1",[2036,2039],{"base":2037,"pinyin":2038},"战","zhàn",{"base":2040,"pinyin":2041},"争","zhēng",{"text":2043,"slug":2044,"ruby":2045},"伤害","shang1-hai4",[2046,2047],{"base":387,"pinyin":388},{"base":2048,"pinyin":2049},"害","hài",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":2051},[2052],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":2054,"slug":2055,"ruby":2056},"许多","xu3-duo1",[2057,2060],{"base":2058,"pinyin":2059},"许","xǔ",{"base":2061,"pinyin":2062},"多","duō",{"text":2000,"slug":2001,"ruby":2064},[2065,2066],{"base":2004,"pinyin":2005},{"base":2007,"pinyin":2008},{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":2068},[2069],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":853,"slug":854,"ruby":2071},[2072],{"base":853,"pinyin":857},{"text":122},[2075,2078,2082,2085,2088,2093,2097,2100,2109],{"text":173,"slug":174,"ruby":2076},[2077],{"base":173,"pinyin":177},{"text":2079,"ruby":2080},"睁",[2081],{"base":2079,"pinyin":2041},{"text":1255,"slug":1256,"ruby":2083},[2084],{"base":1255,"pinyin":1259},{"text":1032,"slug":1033,"ruby":2086},[2087],{"base":1032,"pinyin":1036},{"text":2089,"ruby":2090},"双",[2091],{"base":2089,"pinyin":2092},"shuāng",{"text":2000,"slug":2001,"ruby":2094},[2095,2096],{"base":2004,"pinyin":2005},{"base":2007,"pinyin":2008},{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":2098},[2099],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":2101,"slug":2102,"ruby":2103},"眼睛","yan3-jing1",[2104,2107],{"base":2105,"pinyin":2106},"眼","yǎn",{"base":2108,"pinyin":1329},"睛",{"text":122},[2111,2115,2121,2125,2128,2131,2135,2140,2146],{"text":1378,"slug":1379,"ruby":2112},[2113,2114],{"base":641,"pinyin":1382},{"base":1384,"pinyin":453},{"text":2116,"slug":2117,"ruby":2118},"让","rang4",[2119],{"base":2116,"pinyin":2120},"ràng",{"text":2000,"slug":2001,"ruby":2122},[2123,2124],{"base":2004,"pinyin":2005},{"base":2007,"pinyin":2008},{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":2126},[2127],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":853,"slug":854,"ruby":2129},[2130],{"base":853,"pinyin":857},{"text":712,"slug":713,"ruby":2132},[2133,2134],{"base":384,"pinyin":385},{"base":717,"pinyin":718},{"text":2136,"ruby":2137},"牵",[2138],{"base":2136,"pinyin":2139},"qiān",{"text":2141,"slug":2142,"ruby":2143},"连","lian2",[2144],{"base":2141,"pinyin":2145},"lián",{"text":122},[2148,2155,2162,2166,2169,2172,2175,2178,2182],{"text":2149,"slug":2150,"ruby":2151},"法官","fa3-guan1",[2152,2153],{"base":826,"pinyin":827},{"base":2154,"pinyin":1027},"官",{"text":2156,"slug":2157,"ruby":2158},"最终","zui4-zhong1",[2159,2161],{"base":876,"pinyin":2160},"zuì",{"base":1054,"pinyin":1055},{"text":183,"slug":2163,"ruby":2164},"hai2",[2165],{"base":183,"pinyin":101},{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":2167},[2168],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":531,"slug":532,"ruby":2170},[2171],{"base":531,"pinyin":177},{"text":1032,"slug":1033,"ruby":2173},[2174],{"base":1032,"pinyin":1036},{"text":90,"slug":188,"ruby":2176},[2177],{"base":90,"pinyin":191},{"text":2000,"slug":2001,"ruby":2179},[2180,2181],{"base":2004,"pinyin":2005},{"base":2007,"pinyin":2008},{"text":122},1918,{"pinyin":2185,"pinyinNumeric":2001,"simplified":2000,"traditional":2186,"hskLevel":47,"strokeCount":2187,"toneSequence":2188},"wú gū","無辜",[],[57,571],{},"\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fwu2-gu1",[2192,2193,2194,2195,2196],"wu2-zui4","qing1-bai2","you3-zui4","ke3-lian2","wu2",[2198,2201],{"slug":2195,"lemma":2199,"translation":2200},"可怜","pitiful, poor, pathetic",{"slug":2196,"lemma":2004,"translation":2202},"without, to have not, nothing",{"description":1968},"mandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fwu2-gu1","innocent, not guilty, an innocent person","5az_PtNZIDAcGg0aCBGJ0EY2rydY7WVF6E0uAJSJbXQ",{"id":2208,"title":2209,"adjective":47,"audio":47,"author":47,"body":2210,"cefrLevel":47,"date":47,"description":2214,"etymology":2217,"exampleAudio":2220,"examples":2221,"examplesLinkified":2237,"extension":287,"faqs":47,"frequencyRank":2394,"gcseTier":47,"hskLevel":47,"images":47,"intro":47,"ipa":56,"ipaSecondary":47,"language":289,"lastUpdated":47,"lemma":2265,"lessonNumber":290,"mandarin":2395,"meta":2399,"navigation":42,"noun":47,"partOfSpeech":297,"path":2400,"pronoun":47,"qualifications":47,"relatedWords":2401,"relatedWordsResolved":2406,"seo":2417,"slug":2266,"stem":2418,"tier":317,"translation":2419,"verb":47,"verbSlugs":47,"__hash__":2420},"words\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Flao3-shu3.md","Lao3 Shu3",{"type":49,"value":2211,"toc":2215},[2212],[52,2213,2214],{},"老鼠 (lǎo shǔ) means a mouse or rat; Chinese does not routinely distinguish the two and relies on context. The 老 here is a conventional prefix rather than a literal old.",{"title":56,"searchDepth":57,"depth":57,"links":2216},[],{"summary":2218,"origin":61,"root":2219},"A compound of the prefix 老 (lǎo, an affectionate or habitual marker often used with animal names) and 鼠 (shǔ, a pictograph of a rodent with teeth and tail), naming the mouse or rat.","老 (lǎo, animal-name prefix) + 鼠 (shǔ, rodent)",[47,47,47,47,47],[2222,2225,2228,2231,2234],{"sentence":2223,"translation":2224,"audio":47},"厨房里有一只老鼠。","There is a mouse in the kitchen.",{"sentence":2226,"translation":2227,"audio":47},"猫抓住了那只老鼠。","The cat caught that mouse.",{"sentence":2229,"translation":2230,"audio":47},"老鼠害怕猫。","Mice are afraid of cats.",{"sentence":2232,"translation":2233,"audio":47},"他被老鼠吓了一跳。","He was startled by a mouse.",{"sentence":2235,"translation":2236,"audio":47},"这些老鼠咬坏了不少东西。","These rats have gnawed through quite a few things.",[2238,2273,2303,2320,2349],[2239,2249,2252,2255,2258,2264,2272],{"text":2240,"slug":2241,"ruby":2242},"厨房","chu2-fang2",[2243,2246],{"base":2244,"pinyin":2245},"厨","chú",{"base":2247,"pinyin":2248},"房","fáng",{"text":234,"slug":235,"ruby":2250},[2251],{"base":234,"pinyin":238},{"text":1497,"slug":1498,"ruby":2253},[2254],{"base":1497,"pinyin":1501},{"text":1032,"slug":1033,"ruby":2256},[2257],{"base":1032,"pinyin":1036},{"text":2259,"slug":2260,"ruby":2261},"只","zhi1",[2262],{"base":2259,"pinyin":2263},"zhī",{"text":2265,"slug":2266,"ruby":2267},"老鼠","lao3-shu3",[2268,2269],{"base":635,"pinyin":636},{"base":2270,"pinyin":2271},"鼠","shǔ",{"text":122},[2274,2280,2289,2292,2295,2298,2302],{"text":2275,"slug":2276,"ruby":2277},"猫","mao1",[2278],{"base":2275,"pinyin":2279},"māo",{"text":2281,"slug":2282,"ruby":2283},"抓住","zhua1-zhu4",[2284,2287],{"base":2285,"pinyin":2286},"抓","zhuā",{"base":2288,"pinyin":994},"住",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":2290},[2291],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":87,"slug":944,"ruby":2293},[2294],{"base":87,"pinyin":88},{"text":2259,"slug":2260,"ruby":2296},[2297],{"base":2259,"pinyin":2263},{"text":2265,"slug":2266,"ruby":2299},[2300,2301],{"base":635,"pinyin":636},{"base":2270,"pinyin":2271},{"text":122},[2304,2308,2316,2319],{"text":2265,"slug":2266,"ruby":2305},[2306,2307],{"base":635,"pinyin":636},{"base":2270,"pinyin":2271},{"text":2309,"slug":2310,"ruby":2311},"害怕","hai4-pa4",[2312,2313],{"base":2048,"pinyin":2049},{"base":2314,"pinyin":2315},"怕","pà",{"text":2275,"slug":2276,"ruby":2317},[2318],{"base":2275,"pinyin":2279},{"text":122},[2321,2324,2327,2331,2336,2339,2342,2348],{"text":531,"slug":532,"ruby":2322},[2323],{"base":531,"pinyin":177},{"text":1017,"slug":1018,"ruby":2325},[2326],{"base":1017,"pinyin":1021},{"text":2265,"slug":2266,"ruby":2328},[2329,2330],{"base":635,"pinyin":636},{"base":2270,"pinyin":2271},{"text":2332,"slug":2333,"ruby":2334},"吓","xia4-2",[2335],{"base":2332,"pinyin":499},{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":2337},[2338],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":1032,"slug":1033,"ruby":2340},[2341],{"base":1032,"pinyin":1036},{"text":2343,"slug":2344,"ruby":2345},"跳","tiao4",[2346],{"base":2343,"pinyin":2347},"tiào",{"text":122},[2350,2356,2360,2366,2372,2375,2383,2393],{"text":2351,"slug":2352,"ruby":2353},"这些","zhe4-xie1",[2354,2355],{"base":150,"pinyin":154},{"base":1142,"pinyin":1143},{"text":2265,"slug":2266,"ruby":2357},[2358,2359],{"base":635,"pinyin":636},{"base":2270,"pinyin":2271},{"text":2361,"slug":2362,"ruby":2363},"咬","yao3",[2364],{"base":2361,"pinyin":2365},"yǎo",{"text":2367,"slug":2368,"ruby":2369},"坏","huai4",[2370],{"base":2367,"pinyin":2371},"huài",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":2373},[2374],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":2376,"slug":2377,"ruby":2378},"不少","bu4-shao3",[2379,2380],{"base":641,"pinyin":645},{"base":2381,"pinyin":2382},"少","shǎo",{"text":2384,"slug":2385,"ruby":2386},"东西","dong1-xi1",[2387,2390],{"base":2388,"pinyin":2389},"东","dōng",{"base":2391,"pinyin":2392},"西","xī",{"text":122},1919,{"pinyin":2396,"pinyinNumeric":2266,"simplified":2265,"traditional":2265,"hskLevel":47,"strokeCount":2397,"toneSequence":2398},"lǎo shǔ",[],[1403,1403],{},"\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Flao3-shu3",[2276,2402,2403,2404,2405],"dong4-wu4","song1-shu3","shu3","dong4",[2407,2409,2412,2415],{"slug":2276,"lemma":2275,"translation":2408},"cat",{"slug":2402,"lemma":2410,"translation":2411},"动物","animal",{"slug":2404,"lemma":2413,"translation":2414},"属","belong, category",{"slug":2405,"lemma":977,"translation":2416},"to move; movement",{"description":2214},"mandarin\u002Fwords\u002Flao3-shu3","mouse, rat","oEr006xe8Za-Hg8TxsZVTiH58GfvWz1yv67j_UwL82Q",{"id":2422,"title":2423,"adjective":47,"audio":47,"author":47,"body":2424,"cefrLevel":47,"date":47,"description":2428,"etymology":2431,"exampleAudio":2434,"examples":2435,"examplesLinkified":2451,"extension":287,"faqs":47,"frequencyRank":2625,"gcseTier":47,"hskLevel":47,"images":47,"intro":47,"ipa":56,"ipaSecondary":47,"language":289,"lastUpdated":47,"lemma":2458,"lessonNumber":290,"mandarin":2626,"meta":2631,"navigation":42,"noun":47,"partOfSpeech":866,"path":2632,"pronoun":47,"qualifications":47,"relatedWords":2633,"relatedWordsResolved":2638,"seo":2641,"slug":2459,"stem":2642,"tier":317,"translation":2643,"verb":47,"verbSlugs":47,"__hash__":2644},"words\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fcai3-qu3.md","Cai3 Qu3",{"type":49,"value":2425,"toc":2429},[2426],[52,2427,2428],{},"采取 (cǎi qǔ) means to adopt or take, typically paired with abstract objects such as 措施 (measures), 行动 (action), or 态度 (an attitude). It is a formal verb common in news and official writing.",{"title":56,"searchDepth":57,"depth":57,"links":2430},[],{"summary":2432,"origin":61,"root":2433},"A compound of 采 (cǎi, to pick, to gather, showing a hand over a tree) and 取 (qǔ, to take, showing a hand over an ear), together meaning to select and adopt.","采 (cǎi, to gather) + 取 (qǔ, to take)",[47,47,47,47,47],[2436,2439,2442,2445,2448],{"sentence":2437,"translation":2438,"audio":47},"政府采取了新的措施。","The government has adopted new measures.",{"sentence":2440,"translation":2441,"audio":47},"我们应该采取行动。","We ought to take action.",{"sentence":2443,"translation":2444,"audio":47},"公司采取了灵活的策略。","The company adopted a flexible strategy.",{"sentence":2446,"translation":2447,"audio":47},"他们采取了不同的态度。","They took a different attitude.",{"sentence":2449,"translation":2450,"audio":47},"必须采取有效的办法解决问题。","Effective methods must be adopted to solve the problem.",[2452,2488,2510,2548,2583],[2453,2457,2467,2470,2476,2479,2483,2487],{"text":1119,"slug":1120,"ruby":2454},[2455,2456],{"base":1123,"pinyin":1124},{"base":1126,"pinyin":1127},{"text":2458,"slug":2459,"ruby":2460},"采取","cai3-qu3",[2461,2464],{"base":2462,"pinyin":2463},"采","cǎi",{"base":2465,"pinyin":2466},"取","qǔ",{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":2468},[2469],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":2471,"slug":2472,"ruby":2473},"新","xin1",[2474],{"base":2471,"pinyin":2475},"xīn",{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":2477},[2478],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":2480,"ruby":2481},"措",[2482],{"base":2480,"pinyin":809},{"text":2484,"ruby":2485},"施",[2486],{"base":2484,"pinyin":639},{"text":122},[2489,2495,2499,2503,2509],{"text":2490,"slug":2491,"ruby":2492},"我们","wo3-men5",[2493,2494],{"base":436,"pinyin":440},{"base":253,"pinyin":257},{"text":647,"slug":648,"ruby":2496},[2497,2498],{"base":651,"pinyin":652},{"base":654,"pinyin":655},{"text":2458,"slug":2459,"ruby":2500},[2501,2502],{"base":2462,"pinyin":2463},{"base":2465,"pinyin":2466},{"text":2504,"slug":2505,"ruby":2506},"行动","xing2-dong4",[2507,2508],{"base":742,"pinyin":743},{"base":977,"pinyin":978},{"text":122},[2511,2515,2519,2522,2528,2534,2537,2542,2547],{"text":1615,"slug":1616,"ruby":2512},[2513,2514],{"base":229,"pinyin":167},{"base":1620,"pinyin":1621},{"text":2458,"slug":2459,"ruby":2516},[2517,2518],{"base":2462,"pinyin":2463},{"base":2465,"pinyin":2466},{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":2520},[2521],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":2523,"slug":2524,"ruby":2525},"灵","ling2-hun2",[2526],{"base":2523,"pinyin":2527},"líng",{"text":2529,"slug":2530,"ruby":2531},"活","huo2",[2532],{"base":2529,"pinyin":2533},"huó",{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":2535},[2536],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":2538,"ruby":2539},"策",[2540],{"base":2538,"pinyin":2541},"cè",{"text":2543,"ruby":2544},"略",[2545],{"base":2543,"pinyin":2546},"lüè",{"text":122},[2549,2553,2557,2560,2568,2571,2576,2582],{"text":1318,"slug":1319,"ruby":2550},[2551,2552],{"base":531,"pinyin":177},{"base":253,"pinyin":257},{"text":2458,"slug":2459,"ruby":2554},[2555,2556],{"base":2462,"pinyin":2463},{"base":2465,"pinyin":2466},{"text":271,"slug":272,"ruby":2558},[2559],{"base":271,"pinyin":275},{"text":2561,"slug":2562,"ruby":2563},"不同","bu4-tong2",[2564,2565],{"base":641,"pinyin":645},{"base":2566,"pinyin":2567},"同","tóng",{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":2569},[2570],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":2572,"slug":2573,"ruby":2574},"态","zhuang4-tai4",[2575],{"base":2572,"pinyin":411},{"text":2577,"slug":2578,"ruby":2579},"度","su4-du4",[2580],{"base":2577,"pinyin":2581},"dù",{"text":122},[2584,2588,2592,2595,2599,2602,2609,2617,2624],{"text":747,"slug":748,"ruby":2585},[2586,2587],{"base":751,"pinyin":752},{"base":754,"pinyin":755},{"text":2458,"slug":2459,"ruby":2589},[2590,2591],{"base":2462,"pinyin":2463},{"base":2465,"pinyin":2466},{"text":1497,"slug":1498,"ruby":2593},[2594],{"base":1497,"pinyin":1501},{"text":2596,"ruby":2597},"效",[2598],{"base":2596,"pinyin":269},{"text":513,"slug":514,"ruby":2600},[2601],{"base":513,"pinyin":517},{"text":2603,"slug":846,"ruby":2604},"办法",[2605,2608],{"base":2606,"pinyin":2607},"办","bàn",{"base":826,"pinyin":827},{"text":2610,"slug":2611,"ruby":2612},"解决","jie3-jue2",[2613,2616],{"base":2614,"pinyin":2615},"解","jiě",{"base":929,"pinyin":930},{"text":2618,"slug":2619,"ruby":2620},"问题","wen4-ti2",[2621,2622],{"base":1460,"pinyin":1461},{"base":2623,"pinyin":1843},"题",{"text":122},1920,{"pinyin":2627,"pinyinNumeric":2459,"simplified":2458,"traditional":2628,"hskLevel":47,"strokeCount":2629,"toneSequence":2630},"cǎi qǔ","採取",[],[1403,1403],{},"\u002Fmandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fcai3-qu3",[2634,2635,2636,2637,2505],"cai3-yong4","cuo4-shi1","cai3-na4","shi2-shi1",[2639],{"slug":2505,"lemma":2504,"translation":2640},"action, movement; to take action",{"description":2428},"mandarin\u002Fwords\u002Fcai3-qu3","to adopt, to take (measures, an approach)","riRFor0J2AunYHwKTwKrYHdJtZneiEHH-0QWCq2MdjA",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":2646},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M5 12h14m-7-7l7 7l-7 7\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":2648},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M12 15V3m9 12v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m7 10l5 5l5-5\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":2650},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M13 21h8M15 5l4 4m2.174-2.188a1 1 0 0 0-3.986-3.987L3.842 16.174a2 2 0 0 0-.5.83l-1.321 4.352a.5.5 0 0 0 .623.622l4.353-1.32a2 2 0 0 0 .83-.497z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":2652},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Crect width=\"18\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"2\" ry=\"2\"\u002F>\u003Ccircle cx=\"9\" cy=\"9\" r=\"2\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m21 15l-3.086-3.086a2 2 0 0 0-2.828 0L6 21\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":2654},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M6 22a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 1.704.706l3.588 3.588A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 20 8v12a2 2 0 0 1-2 2z\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M14 2v5a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h5M10 9H8m8 4H8m8 4H8\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":2656},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M5 5a2 2 0 0 1 3.008-1.728l11.997 6.998a2 2 0 0 1 .003 3.458l-12 7A2 2 0 0 1 5 19z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":2658},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"m12 19l-7-7l7-7m7 7H5\"\u002F>",1]