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Pattern: ",[47,48,49],"strong",{},"A + 比 + B + adjective",".",[52,53,54,58,61,64],"ul",{},[55,56,57],"li",{},"我比他高。 (Wǒ bǐ tā gāo.) - I'm taller than him.",[55,59,60],{},"这个比那个贵。 (Zhè ge bǐ nà ge guì.) - This one is more expensive than that one.",[55,62,63],{},"中文比英文难。 (Zhōng wén bǐ yīng wén nán.) - Chinese is harder than English.",[55,65,66],{},"北京比上海冷。 (Běi jīng bǐ shàng hǎi lěng.) - Beijing is colder than Shanghai.",[43,68,69,70,73],{},"The adjective in the 比 frame is BARE - no 很 in front. 我比他高 (correct), not 我比他",[47,71,72],{},"很","高 (wrong; 很 here would be heard as 'I am very taller than him', which is incoherent).",[43,75,76],{},"To add a degree to the comparison:",[52,78,79,82,85],{},[55,80,81],{},"我比他高一点。 (Wǒ bǐ tā gāo yì diǎn.) - I'm a bit taller than him.",[55,83,84],{},"我比他高多了。 (Wǒ bǐ tā gāo duō le.) - I'm much taller than him.",[55,86,87],{},"这个比那个贵五块钱。 (Zhè ge bǐ nà ge guì wǔ kuài qián.) - This one is five yuan more expensive than that one.",[43,89,90],{},"The degree (一点, 多了, a specific quantity) goes AFTER the adjective, not before.",[38,92,94],{"id":93},"pattern-2-比较-for-relatively","Pattern 2: 比较 for 'relatively'",[43,96,97],{},"When there's no explicit B to compare to but you want to soften the adjective, use 比较 (bǐ jiào) in front.",[52,99,100,103,106],{},[55,101,102],{},"这本书比较贵。 (Zhè běn shū bǐ jiào guì.) - This book is relatively expensive.",[55,104,105],{},"中文比较难。 (Zhōng wén bǐ jiào nán.) - Chinese is relatively hard.",[55,107,108],{},"今天比较冷。 (Jīn tiān bǐ jiào lěng.) - It's relatively cold today.",[43,110,111],{},"比较 says 'compared to the baseline \u002F what you'd expect \u002F similar things, this is more X'. It's a way to compare without specifying what you're comparing to. Useful for hedged opinions.",[38,113,115],{"id":114},"pattern-3-最-for-the-superlative-most","Pattern 3: 最 for the superlative 'most'",[43,117,118,119,50],{},"Pattern: ",[47,120,121],{},"最 + adjective",[52,123,124,127,130,133],{},[55,125,126],{},"这是最贵的车。 (Zhè shì zuì guì de chē.) - This is the most expensive car.",[55,128,129],{},"中文最难学。 (Zhōng wén zuì nán xué.) - Chinese is the hardest to learn.",[55,131,132],{},"我最喜欢咖啡。 (Wǒ zuì xǐ huan kā fēi.) - I like coffee the most.",[55,134,135],{},"他是我最好的朋友。 (Tā shì wǒ zuì hǎo de péng you.) - He's my best friend.",[43,137,138],{},"最 goes directly before the adjective or stative verb. When the noun is in the sentence, 的 typically joins the adjective phrase to the noun: 最贵的车 (the most expensive car), 最好的朋友 (the best friend).",[38,140,142],{"id":141},"pattern-4-跟和一样-for-same-as","Pattern 4: 跟\u002F和…一样 for 'same as'",[43,144,118,145,50],{},[47,146,147],{},"A + 跟 (or 和) + B + 一样 + (adjective)",[52,149,150,153,156,159],{},[55,151,152],{},"我跟他一样高。 (Wǒ gēn tā yí yàng gāo.) - I'm as tall as him.",[55,154,155],{},"这本书跟那本一样贵。 (Zhè běn shū gēn nà běn yí yàng guì.) - This book is as expensive as that one.",[55,157,158],{},"中文和英文不一样。 (Zhōng wén hé yīng wén bù yí yàng.) - Chinese and English are different.",[55,160,161],{},"我和他一样喜欢咖啡。 (Wǒ hé tā yí yàng xǐ huan kā fēi.) - I like coffee just as much as he does.",[43,163,164],{},"跟 and 和 are interchangeable here; 跟 is more colloquial, 和 slightly more formal. The adjective at the end is optional - if you just say 我跟他一样, you mean 'I'm the same as him' (generally).",[43,166,167],{},"To negate, put 不 in front of 一样: 我跟他不一样 (we are different), 这个跟那个不一样贵 (this one isn't as expensive as that one).",[38,169,171],{"id":170},"negative-comparison-没有那么","Negative comparison: 没有…那么…",[43,173,174,175,50],{},"The negative of 比 isn't 不比. It's a different structure entirely: ",[47,176,177],{},"A + 没有 + B + 那么 + adjective",[52,179,180,183,186],{},[55,181,182],{},"我没有他那么高。 (Wǒ méi yǒu tā nà me gāo.) - I'm not as tall as him.",[55,184,185],{},"这个没有那个那么贵。 (Zhè ge méi yǒu nà ge nà me guì.) - This one isn't as expensive as that one.",[55,187,188],{},"中文没有日文那么难。 (Zhōng wén méi yǒu rì wén nà me nán.) - Chinese isn't as hard as Japanese.",[43,190,191],{},"This pattern is technically Higher-tier in the AQA inventory but worth flagging now because the obvious 'wrong' form (不比) sounds genuinely odd in Mandarin and learners reach for it instinctively. The right negative is the 没有…那么 frame.",[43,193,194],{},"You can also drop 那么 if the comparison is shorter: 我没有他高 (I'm not as tall as him).",[38,196,198],{"id":197},"all-four-patterns-side-by-side","All four patterns side by side",[200,201,202,218],"table",{},[203,204,205],"thead",{},[206,207,208,212,215],"tr",{},[209,210,211],"th",{},"Sense",[209,213,214],{},"Pattern",[209,216,217],{},"Example",[219,220,221,233,244,255,266],"tbody",{},[206,222,223,227,230],{},[224,225,226],"td",{},"more than",[224,228,229],{},"A 比 B + adj",[224,231,232],{},"我比他高 (I'm taller than him)",[206,234,235,238,241],{},[224,236,237],{},"relatively",[224,239,240],{},"比较 + adj",[224,242,243],{},"比较贵 (relatively expensive)",[206,245,246,249,252],{},[224,247,248],{},"most",[224,250,251],{},"最 + adj",[224,253,254],{},"最好 (best)",[206,256,257,260,263],{},[224,258,259],{},"same as",[224,261,262],{},"A 跟\u002F和 B 一样 (+ adj)",[224,264,265],{},"我跟他一样高 (I'm as tall as him)",[206,267,268,271,274],{},[224,269,270],{},"not as…as",[224,272,273],{},"A 没有 B (那么) + adj",[224,275,276],{},"我没有他高 (I'm not as tall as him)",[38,278,280],{"id":279},"what-to-internalise","What to internalise",[282,283,284,290,296,302,308],"ol",{},[55,285,286,289],{},[47,287,288],{},"比 sentences take a BARE adjective."," No 很, no 非常.",[55,291,292,295],{},[47,293,294],{},"Quantities go AFTER the adjective."," 高一点, 高多了, 贵五块钱.",[55,297,298,301],{},[47,299,300],{},"比较 is the standalone 'relatively' frame."," Use it when there's no explicit B.",[55,303,304,307],{},[47,305,306],{},"最 is the simplest of the four."," Just stick it in front.",[55,309,310,313],{},[47,311,312],{},"The negative of 比 is 没有…那么, not 不比."," Memorise the pattern.",[43,315,316,317,322],{},"For the wider sentence-pattern picture, the ",[318,319,321],"a",{"href":320},"\u002Fmandarin\u002Fgrammar\u002Fcheatsheet","Mandarin grammar cheatsheet"," puts all four in context.",{"title":324,"searchDepth":325,"depth":325,"links":326},"",2,[327,328,329,330,331,332,333],{"id":40,"depth":325,"text":41},{"id":93,"depth":325,"text":94},{"id":114,"depth":325,"text":115},{"id":141,"depth":325,"text":142},{"id":170,"depth":325,"text":171},{"id":197,"depth":325,"text":198},{"id":279,"depth":325,"text":280},"A1-A2","The four Mandarin comparative patterns. 比 (A is more than B), 比较 (relatively), 最 (most), 跟\u002F和…一样 (same as), plus the negative-comparison form with 没有.","md","foundation","English comparatives stack endings on adjectives: tall, taller, tallest. Mandarin doesn't conjugate, so it does the same job with separate words that frame the comparison. Four patterns cover everything you need at Foundation level: 比 for direct 'more than', 比较 for 'relatively', 最 for the superlative 'most', and 跟…一样 for 'same as'. Each pattern is short and reliable. Get them and you can compare anything to anything else.","mandarin",{},true,"\u002Fmandarin\u002Fgrammar\u002Fcomparatives",{"title":32,"description":335},"mandarin\u002Fgrammar\u002Fcomparatives","RPcnpsl3pnqY44OkZCgjRp45THhTINH0BdgfVgjRG44",[],{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":348},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M12 15V3m9 12v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m7 10l5 5l5-5\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":350},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M13 21h8M15 5l4 4m2.174-2.188a1 1 0 0 0-3.986-3.987L3.842 16.174a2 2 0 0 0-.5.83l-1.321 4.352a.5.5 0 0 0 .623.622l4.353-1.32a2 2 0 0 0 .83-.497z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":352},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Crect width=\"18\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"2\" ry=\"2\"\u002F>\u003Ccircle cx=\"9\" cy=\"9\" r=\"2\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m21 15l-3.086-3.086a2 2 0 0 0-2.828 0L6 21\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":354},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M6 22a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 1.704.706l3.588 3.588A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 20 8v12a2 2 0 0 1-2 2z\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M14 2v5a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h5M10 9H8m8 4H8m8 4H8\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":356},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M23.268 5.313c-.35-2.578-2.617-4.61-5.304-5.004C17.51.242 15.792 0 11.813 0h-.03c-3.98 0-4.835.242-5.288.309C3.882.692 1.496 2.518.917 5.127C.64 6.412.61 7.837.661 9.143c.074 1.874.088 3.745.26 5.611c.118 1.24.325 2.47.62 3.68c.55 2.237 2.777 4.098 4.96 4.857c2.336.792 4.849.923 7.256.38q.398-.092.786-.213c.585-.184 1.27-.39 1.774-.753a.06.06 0 0 0 .023-.043v-1.809a.05.05 0 0 0-.02-.041a.05.05 0 0 0-.046-.01a20.3 20.3 0 0 1-4.709.545c-2.73 0-3.463-1.284-3.674-1.818a5.6 5.6 0 0 1-.319-1.433a.053.053 0 0 1 .066-.054c1.517.363 3.072.546 4.632.546c.376 0 .75 0 1.125-.01c1.57-.044 3.224-.124 4.768-.422q.059-.011.11-.024c2.435-.464 4.753-1.92 4.989-5.604c.008-.145.03-1.52.03-1.67c.002-.512.167-3.63-.024-5.545m-3.748 9.195h-2.561V8.29c0-1.309-.55-1.976-1.67-1.976c-1.23 0-1.846.79-1.846 2.35v3.403h-2.546V8.663c0-1.56-.617-2.35-1.848-2.35c-1.112 0-1.668.668-1.67 1.977v6.218H4.822V8.102q0-1.965 1.011-3.12c.696-.77 1.608-1.164 2.74-1.164c1.311 0 2.302.5 2.962 1.498l.638 1.06l.638-1.06c.66-.999 1.65-1.498 2.96-1.498c1.13 0 2.043.395 2.74 1.164q1.012 1.155 1.012 3.12z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":358},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M5.202 2.857C7.954 4.922 10.913 9.11 12 11.358c1.087-2.247 4.046-6.436 6.798-8.501C20.783 1.366 24 .213 24 3.883c0 .732-.42 6.156-.667 7.037c-.856 3.061-3.978 3.842-6.755 3.37c4.854.826 6.089 3.562 3.422 6.299c-5.065 5.196-7.28-1.304-7.847-2.97c-.104-.305-.152-.448-.153-.327c0-.121-.05.022-.153.327c-.568 1.666-2.782 8.166-7.847 2.97c-2.667-2.737-1.432-5.473 3.422-6.3c-2.777.473-5.899-.308-6.755-3.369C.42 10.04 0 4.615 0 3.883c0-3.67 3.217-2.517 5.202-1.026\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":360},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M14.234 10.162L22.977 0h-2.072l-7.591 8.824L7.251 0H.258l9.168 13.343L.258 24H2.33l8.016-9.318L16.749 24h6.993zm-2.837 3.299l-.929-1.329L3.076 1.56h3.182l5.965 8.532l.929 1.329l7.754 11.09h-3.182z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":362,"hidden":341},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M20.447 20.452h-3.554v-5.569c0-1.328-.027-3.037-1.852-3.037c-1.853 0-2.136 1.445-2.136 2.939v5.667H9.351V9h3.414v1.561h.046c.477-.9 1.637-1.85 3.37-1.85c3.601 0 4.267 2.37 4.267 5.455v6.286zM5.337 7.433a2.06 2.06 0 0 1-2.063-2.065a2.064 2.064 0 1 1 2.063 2.065m1.782 13.019H3.555V9h3.564zM22.225 0H1.771C.792 0 0 .774 0 1.729v20.542C0 23.227.792 24 1.771 24h20.451C23.2 24 24 23.227 24 22.271V1.729C24 .774 23.2 0 22.222 0z\"\u002F>",1781531943746]