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Split, and Time-Before-Verb",null,{"type":44,"value":45,"toc":556},"minimark",[46,51,184,188,192,195,217,220,224,227,241,287,290,293,297,300,314,317,321,328,342,345,348,362,365,369,372,380,383,386,389,392,397,401,404,418,421,424,428,431,451,454,458,465,494,501,504,508,547],[47,48,50],"h2",{"id":49},"numbers-1-10","Numbers 1-10",[52,53,54,70],"table",{},[55,56,57],"thead",{},[58,59,60,64,67],"tr",{},[61,62,63],"th",{},"Number",[61,65,66],{},"Pinyin",[61,68,69],{},"Character",[71,72,73,85,96,107,118,129,140,151,162,173],"tbody",{},[58,74,75,79,82],{},[76,77,78],"td",{},"1",[76,80,81],{},"yī",[76,83,84],{},"一",[58,86,87,90,93],{},[76,88,89],{},"2",[76,91,92],{},"èr",[76,94,95],{},"二",[58,97,98,101,104],{},[76,99,100],{},"3",[76,102,103],{},"sān",[76,105,106],{},"三",[58,108,109,112,115],{},[76,110,111],{},"4",[76,113,114],{},"sì",[76,116,117],{},"四",[58,119,120,123,126],{},[76,121,122],{},"5",[76,124,125],{},"wǔ",[76,127,128],{},"五",[58,130,131,134,137],{},[76,132,133],{},"6",[76,135,136],{},"liù",[76,138,139],{},"六",[58,141,142,145,148],{},[76,143,144],{},"7",[76,146,147],{},"qī",[76,149,150],{},"七",[58,152,153,156,159],{},[76,154,155],{},"8",[76,157,158],{},"bā",[76,160,161],{},"八",[58,163,164,167,170],{},[76,165,166],{},"9",[76,168,169],{},"jiǔ",[76,171,172],{},"九",[58,174,175,178,181],{},[76,176,177],{},"10",[76,179,180],{},"shí",[76,182,183],{},"十",[185,186,187],"p",{},"11-19 = 十 + n. 11 = 十一, 19 = 十九. 20-90 = n + 十. 20 = 二十, 99 = 九十九. 100 = 一百.",[47,189,191],{"id":190},"the-万-wàn-problem","The 万 (wàn) problem",[185,193,194],{},"Mandarin doesn't go thousand, ten thousand, hundred thousand, million. It groups numbers in fours and resets at 万 (10,000).",[196,197,198,202,205,208,211,214],"ul",{},[199,200,201],"li",{},"一千 (yì qiān) - 1,000",[199,203,204],{},"一万 (yí wàn) - 10,000",[199,206,207],{},"十万 (shí wàn) - 100,000 (lit. ten ten-thousand)",[199,209,210],{},"一百万 (yì bǎi wàn) - 1,000,000 (lit. one hundred ten-thousand)",[199,212,213],{},"一千万 (yì qiān wàn) - 10,000,000 (lit. one thousand ten-thousand)",[199,215,216],{},"一亿 (yí yì) - 100,000,000",[185,218,219],{},"The trick for converting from English: divide your English number's digit count by 4, not by 3. 100,000 has one comma in English but is read as 10万 in Mandarin (one batch of 万, with ten of them). This catches everyone, including fluent learners, on bigger numbers. Slow down and count in groups of four.",[47,221,223],{"id":222},"二-èr-vs-两-liǎng-both-mean-two","二 (èr) vs 两 (liǎng): both mean 'two'",[185,225,226],{},"Mandarin has two words for 'two', used in different contexts.",[196,228,229,235],{},[199,230,231,234],{},[232,233,95],"strong",{}," is the abstract \u002F counting \u002F compound-number form. Used when reciting numbers, in fractions, in compound numbers (12 = 十二, 22 = 二十二), in dates and times (二月 = February).",[199,236,237,240],{},[232,238,239],{},"两"," is the 'two of' form. Used before a classifier or a unit of measurement.",[52,242,243,253],{},[55,244,245],{},[58,246,247,250],{},[61,248,249],{},"Use 二 for",[61,251,252],{},"Use 两 for",[71,254,255,263,271,279],{},[58,256,257,260],{},[76,258,259],{},"Reciting (1, 2, 3 = 一, 二, 三)",[76,261,262],{},"Two + classifier (两个人, 两本书)",[58,264,265,268],{},[76,266,267],{},"Compound numbers (12, 22, 32)",[76,269,270],{},"Two + 百, 千, 万 (两百, 两千, 两万)",[58,272,273,276],{},[76,274,275],{},"Dates (Feb = 二月)",[76,277,278],{},"Two of a unit (两天 - two days)",[58,280,281,284],{},[76,282,283],{},"Fractions (1\u002F2 = 二分之一)",[76,285,286],{},"Time of day (两点 - 2 o'clock)",[185,288,289],{},"So: 二月 (February) but 两个月 (two months). 二十 (twenty) but 两百 (two hundred). 二点 is wrong; 两点 is right for 'two o'clock' (with one exception: 二十二点 in 24-hour time).",[185,291,292],{},"The shortcut: when there's a classifier or measure unit right after the 'two', use 两. Otherwise use 二.",[47,294,296],{"id":295},"ordinals-with-第-dì","Ordinals with 第 (dì)",[185,298,299],{},"Add 第 in front of a number to make it ordinal.",[196,301,302,305,308,311],{},[199,303,304],{},"第一 (dì yī) - first",[199,306,307],{},"第二 (dì èr) - second (always 二, never 两)",[199,309,310],{},"第三 (dì sān) - third",[199,312,313],{},"第十次 (dì shí cì) - the tenth time",[185,315,316],{},"For 'the second book', it's 第二本书. 第 stays in front of the number, the classifier and noun follow normally.",[47,318,320],{"id":319},"telling-the-time","Telling the time",[185,322,323,324,327],{},"Pattern: ",[232,325,326],{},"X 点 (Y 分) (Z 秒)"," for hours, minutes, seconds.",[196,329,330,333,336,339],{},[199,331,332],{},"三点 (sān diǎn) - 3 o'clock",[199,334,335],{},"三点十分 (sān diǎn shí fēn) - 3:10",[199,337,338],{},"三点二十五分 (sān diǎn èr shí wǔ fēn) - 3:25",[199,340,341],{},"两点 (liǎng diǎn) - 2 o'clock (note 两, not 二)",[185,343,344],{},"For minutes you can drop 分 in casual speech if the minute number is two-digit: 三点二十 is fine for 3:20.",[185,346,347],{},"Special times:",[196,349,350,353,356,359],{},[199,351,352],{},"半 (bàn) - half past. 三点半 = 3:30.",[199,354,355],{},"一刻 (yí kè) - a quarter past. 三点一刻 = 3:15.",[199,357,358],{},"三刻 (sān kè) - three-quarters past (45 minutes). 三点三刻 = 3:45.",[199,360,361],{},"差 (chà) - to (before the hour). 差五分三点 = 5 to 3 (2:55).",[185,363,364],{},"Times of day in conversation use 早上 (morning), 上午 (late morning), 中午 (noon), 下午 (afternoon), 晚上 (evening). 晚上八点 = 8 pm.",[47,366,368],{"id":367},"dates-year-month-day-order","Dates: year-month-day order",[185,370,371],{},"Mandarin always goes from BIG to SMALL: year, then month, then day.",[196,373,374,377],{},[199,375,376],{},"2026年6月15日 (èr líng èr liù nián liù yuè shí wǔ rì) - 15 June 2026",[199,378,379],{},"2026年6月15号 (èr líng èr liù nián liù yuè shí wǔ hào) - 15 June 2026 (colloquial; 号 instead of 日)",[185,381,382],{},"Years are read DIGIT BY DIGIT: 2026 = 二零二六, NOT 两千零二十六.",[185,384,385],{},"Months are number + 月: 一月 (January), 二月 (February), 十二月 (December). Always 二月 for February (二, not 两).",[185,387,388],{},"Days are number + 日 (formal) or 号 (everyday). 十五日 \u002F 十五号 = the 15th.",[185,390,391],{},"Days of the week use 星期 + number, with one quirk: Sunday is 星期天 or 星期日, not 星期七.",[196,393,394],{},[199,395,396],{},"星期一 (Monday), 星期二 (Tuesday), ..., 星期六 (Saturday), 星期天 \u002F 星期日 (Sunday).",[47,398,400],{"id":399},"currency-元-块-毛-分","Currency: 元 \u002F 块 \u002F 毛 \u002F 分",[185,402,403],{},"The Chinese yuan (人民币 rén mín bì, RMB) splits into:",[196,405,406,409,412,415],{},[199,407,408],{},"元 (yuán) - the formal name (on banknotes, in writing). 100元 = 100 yuan.",[199,410,411],{},"块 (kuài) - the spoken form. 100块 = 100 quid (informally). Same value as 元.",[199,413,414],{},"角 (jiǎo) \u002F 毛 (máo) - 1\u002F10 of a yuan. 角 in writing, 毛 in speech.",[199,416,417],{},"分 (fēn) - 1\u002F100 of a yuan. Hardly used in modern China.",[185,419,420],{},"Spoken price format: 三块五 (3.50 yuan), 十五块二毛 (15.20 yuan). In writing: 三元五角.",[185,422,423],{},"Asking 'how much?': 多少钱? (duō shǎo qián?).",[47,425,427],{"id":426},"durations","Durations",[185,429,430],{},"For 'how long', different units carry the duration directly.",[196,432,433,436,439,442,445,448],{},[199,434,435],{},"X个小时 (X ge xiǎo shí) - X hours. 两个小时 = 2 hours.",[199,437,438],{},"X分钟 (X fēn zhōng) - X minutes. 十分钟 = 10 minutes.",[199,440,441],{},"X天 (X tiān) - X days. 三天 = 3 days.",[199,443,444],{},"X个星期 (X ge xīng qī) - X weeks. 两个星期 = 2 weeks.",[199,446,447],{},"X个月 (X ge yuè) - X months. 两个月 = 2 months.",[199,449,450],{},"X年 (X nián) - X years. 三年 = 3 years.",[185,452,453],{},"Note that 天 and 年 don't need 个 - they're their own classifier. 月 and 星期 do.",[47,455,457],{"id":456},"the-time-before-verb-word-order-rule","The time-before-verb word-order rule",[185,459,460,461,464],{},"The single biggest word-order divergence from English. Time expressions go ",[232,462,463],{},"before the verb",", after the subject. English puts them at the END.",[196,466,467,474,480,487],{},[199,468,469,470,473],{},"我",[232,471,472],{},"明天","去北京。 (Wǒ míng tiān qù běi jīng.) - I'm going to Beijing tomorrow.",[199,475,469,476,479],{},[232,477,478],{},"昨天","吃了面条。 (Wǒ zuó tiān chī le miàn tiáo.) - I ate noodles yesterday.",[199,481,482,483,486],{},"我们",[232,484,485],{},"晚上","七点见面。 (Wǒ men wǎn shàng qī diǎn jiàn miàn.) - We're meeting at 7 pm.",[199,488,489,490,493],{},"他",[232,491,492],{},"每天","学中文。 (Tā měi tiān xué zhōng wén.) - He studies Chinese every day.",[185,495,496,497,500],{},"The full slot ordering is ",[232,498,499],{},"Subject + Time + Place + Verb + Object",". Time slots in right after the subject, before any place or verb.",[185,502,503],{},"Durations work slightly differently - they often go AFTER the verb, marking how long the action lasted: 我学了两年中文 (I studied Chinese for two years). But the time-WHEN slot is always before the verb.",[47,505,507],{"id":506},"what-to-internalise","What to internalise",[509,510,511,517,523,529,535,541],"ol",{},[199,512,513,516],{},[232,514,515],{},"Numbers reset at 万 (10,000), not 1,000."," Group in fours.",[199,518,519,522],{},[232,520,521],{},"二 for compound numbers and dates; 两 before classifiers and 百\u002F千\u002F万."," Memorise the split.",[199,524,525,528],{},[232,526,527],{},"Years are read digit-by-digit."," 二零二六, not 两千零二十六.",[199,530,531,534],{},[232,532,533],{},"Date order is big-to-small: year, month, day."," 2026年6月15日.",[199,536,537,540],{},[232,538,539],{},"Currency: 块 in speech, 元 in writing."," Both mean yuan.",[199,542,543,546],{},[232,544,545],{},"Time expressions go BEFORE the verb."," 我明天去, not 我去明天.",[185,548,549,550,555],{},"For the wider word-order picture, see the ",[551,552,554],"a",{"href":553},"\u002Fmandarin\u002Fgrammar\u002Fword-order","word-order page",".",{"title":557,"searchDepth":558,"depth":558,"links":559},"",2,[560,561,562,563,564,565,566,567,568,569],{"id":49,"depth":558,"text":50},{"id":190,"depth":558,"text":191},{"id":222,"depth":558,"text":223},{"id":295,"depth":558,"text":296},{"id":319,"depth":558,"text":320},{"id":367,"depth":558,"text":368},{"id":399,"depth":558,"text":400},{"id":426,"depth":558,"text":427},{"id":456,"depth":558,"text":457},{"id":506,"depth":558,"text":507},"A1-A2","Mandarin numbers to a million, the 二 vs 两 distinction, ordinals with 第, dates (年\u002F月\u002F日), telling the time (X点 X分), durations, currency (元\u002F块\u002F毛\u002F分), and the time-before-verb word-order rule.","md","foundation","Mandarin numbers up to ten are easy. The bigger numbers introduce the 万 (wàn, ten thousand) base unit, which doesn't map onto English thousand-million boundaries. Dates and times feel logical once you learn the order (year-month-day, the opposite of British English). The 二 vs 两 split is the one thing that catches everyone. And the time-before-verb word order is the single biggest divergence from English. This page covers all of it in one place.","mandarin",{},"\u002Fmandarin\u002Fgrammar\u002Fnumbers-time-dates",{"title":41,"description":571},"mandarin\u002Fgrammar\u002Fnumbers-time-dates","BD5A4yiBRx7rIA3LiXn9K6fkOcYhSCVBgQPkEEQs720",[],{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":583},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M12 15V3m9 12v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m7 10l5 5l5-5\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":585},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M13 21h8M15 5l4 4m2.174-2.188a1 1 0 0 0-3.986-3.987L3.842 16.174a2 2 0 0 0-.5.83l-1.321 4.352a.5.5 0 0 0 .623.622l4.353-1.32a2 2 0 0 0 .83-.497z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":587},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Crect width=\"18\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"2\" ry=\"2\"\u002F>\u003Ccircle cx=\"9\" cy=\"9\" r=\"2\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m21 15l-3.086-3.086a2 2 0 0 0-2.828 0L6 21\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":589},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M6 22a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 1.704.706l3.588 3.588A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 20 8v12a2 2 0 0 1-2 2z\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M14 2v5a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h5M10 9H8m8 4H8m8 4H8\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",1781531945753]