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Adverbs of Place, Time and Degree (aquí, todavía, muy vs mucho)",null,{"type":49,"value":50,"toc":892},"minimark",[51,56,85,96,101,108,172,197,201,211,284,300,304,313,355,365,369,381,428,434,438,441,548,596,600,603,642,655,659,672,710,728,732,735,753,791,805,809,822,830,839,849,861,865],[52,53,55],"h1",{"id":54},"spanish-adverbs-beyond-mente","Spanish Adverbs Beyond -mente",[57,58,59,60,64,65,68,69,72,73,76,77,80,81,84],"p",{},"The tidy ",[61,62,63],"strong",{},"-mente"," suffix builds a lot of Spanish adverbs, but the ones you use every hour are not among them. ",[61,66,67],{},"Aquí"," (here), ",[61,70,71],{},"ya"," (already), ",[61,74,75],{},"bien"," (well), ",[61,78,79],{},"muy"," (very), ",[61,82,83],{},"casi"," (almost) - none take the suffix, and all sit at the top of the frequency list. They cluster into families, and learning the families beats translating each word cold.",[57,86,87,88,95],{},"If you have not yet met the ",[89,90,92,94],"a",{"href":91},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fadverbs-mente",[61,93,63],{}," adverbs of manner",", read that first. This page is the rest of the inventory, plus the rules for where an adverb goes.",[97,98,100],"h2",{"id":99},"adverbs-of-place","Adverbs of place",[57,102,103,104,107],{},"These say ",[61,105,106],{},"where",". Spanish has a three-way distance system for \"here\" and \"there\" that English lost centuries ago.",[109,110,111,118,124,130,136,142,148,154,160,166],"ul",{},[112,113,114,117],"li",{},[61,115,116],{},"aquí \u002F acá"," = here (near me)",[112,119,120,123],{},[61,121,122],{},"ahí"," = there (near you)",[112,125,126,129],{},[61,127,128],{},"allí \u002F allá"," = there (over yonder, far from both)",[112,131,132,135],{},[61,133,134],{},"arriba \u002F abajo"," = up, above \u002F down, below",[112,137,138,141],{},[61,139,140],{},"adelante \u002F atrás"," = forward, ahead \u002F back, behind",[112,143,144,147],{},[61,145,146],{},"(a)dentro \u002F (a)fuera"," = inside \u002F outside",[112,149,150,153],{},[61,151,152],{},"cerca \u002F lejos"," = near \u002F far",[112,155,156,159],{},[61,157,158],{},"encima \u002F debajo"," = on top \u002F underneath",[112,161,162,165],{},[61,163,164],{},"alrededor"," = around",[112,167,168,171],{},[61,169,170],{},"enfrente"," = opposite, across the way",[57,173,174,177,178,181,182,185,186,181,189,192,193,196],{},[61,175,176],{},"Está allí, cerca de la puerta."," (It is over there, near the door.) ",[61,179,180],{},"Acá"," and ",[61,183,184],{},"allá"," are the vaguer cousins of ",[61,187,188],{},"aquí",[61,190,191],{},"allí",", common in Latin America and paired with verbs of motion: ",[61,194,195],{},"ven acá"," (come here).",[97,198,200],{"id":199},"adverbs-of-time","Adverbs of time",[57,202,103,203,206,207,210],{},[61,204,205],{},"when"," or ",[61,208,209],{},"how often",".",[109,212,213,218,224,230,236,242,248,254,260,266,272,278],{},[112,214,215,217],{},[61,216,71],{}," = already, now",[112,219,220,223],{},[61,221,222],{},"todavía \u002F aún"," = still, yet",[112,225,226,229],{},[61,227,228],{},"pronto"," = soon",[112,231,232,235],{},[61,233,234],{},"tarde \u002F temprano"," = late \u002F early",[112,237,238,241],{},[61,239,240],{},"siempre \u002F nunca"," = always \u002F never",[112,243,244,247],{},[61,245,246],{},"a veces"," = sometimes",[112,249,250,253],{},[61,251,252],{},"mientras"," = while, meanwhile",[112,255,256,259],{},[61,257,258],{},"entonces"," = then, so",[112,261,262,265],{},[61,263,264],{},"luego \u002F después"," = later \u002F afterwards",[112,267,268,271],{},[61,269,270],{},"enseguida"," = right away",[112,273,274,277],{},[61,275,276],{},"de repente \u002F de pronto"," = suddenly",[112,279,280,283],{},[61,281,282],{},"por fin"," = at last, finally",[57,285,286,289,290,181,293,296,297,299],{},[61,287,288],{},"Ya llegó, por fin."," (He has arrived at last.) ",[61,291,292],{},"Todavía",[61,294,295],{},"aún"," are interchangeable in the \"still, yet\" sense - but watch the accent on ",[61,298,295],{},", untangled below.",[97,301,303],{"id":302},"adverbs-of-manner","Adverbs of manner",[57,305,103,306,309,310,312],{},[61,307,308],{},"how",". A few of the commonest ideas of manner have their own dedicated words and refuse ",[61,311,63],{}," entirely.",[109,314,315,321,327,333,343,349],{},[112,316,317,320],{},[61,318,319],{},"bien \u002F mal"," = well \u002F badly",[112,322,323,326],{},[61,324,325],{},"así"," = like this, in this way",[112,328,329,332],{},[61,330,331],{},"despacio \u002F deprisa"," = slowly \u002F quickly",[112,334,335,338,339,342],{},[61,336,337],{},"rápido"," = fast (also used as an adverb: ",[61,340,341],{},"corre rápido",")",[112,344,345,348],{},[61,346,347],{},"mejor \u002F peor"," = better \u002F worse",[112,350,351,354],{},[61,352,353],{},"adrede \u002F a propósito"," = on purpose, deliberately",[57,356,357,360,361,364],{},[61,358,359],{},"Lo hizo bien, pero despacio."," (He did it well, but slowly.) Say ",[61,362,363],{},"habla despacio"," to sound natural, and never invent \"bienmente\".",[97,366,368],{"id":367},"adverbs-of-degree-and-quantity","Adverbs of degree and quantity",[57,370,103,371,374,375,181,377,380],{},[61,372,373],{},"how much",". This is where ",[61,376,79],{},[61,378,379],{},"mucho"," live, and where English speakers slip.",[109,382,383,388,393,399,405,410,416,422],{},[112,384,385,387],{},[61,386,79],{}," = very (with adjectives and adverbs)",[112,389,390,392],{},[61,391,379],{}," = a lot, much (with verbs and nouns)",[112,394,395,398],{},[61,396,397],{},"bastante"," = quite, enough",[112,400,401,404],{},[61,402,403],{},"demasiado"," = too, too much",[112,406,407,409],{},[61,408,83],{}," = almost",[112,411,412,415],{},[61,413,414],{},"apenas"," = barely, hardly",[112,417,418,421],{},[61,419,420],{},"tan \u002F tanto"," = so \u002F so much",[112,423,424,427],{},[61,425,426],{},"cada vez más"," = more and more",[57,429,430,433],{},[61,431,432],{},"Es bastante caro y casi nunca lo compro."," (It is quite dear and I almost never buy it.)",[97,435,437],{"id":436},"muy-or-mucho","muy or mucho?",[57,439,440],{},"This single distinction is worth pinning down, because English \"very\" and \"a lot\" do not map cleanly onto it.",[442,443,444,463],"table",{},[445,446,447],"thead",{},[448,449,450,454,457,460],"tr",{},[451,452,453],"th",{},"Use",[451,455,456],{},"Goes with",[451,458,459],{},"Example",[451,461,462],{},"English",[464,465,466,482,497,512,532],"tbody",{},[448,467,468,471,474,479],{},[469,470,79],"td",{},[469,472,473],{},"adjective",[469,475,476,478],{},[61,477,79],{}," alto",[469,480,481],{},"very tall",[448,483,484,486,489,494],{},[469,485,79],{},[469,487,488],{},"adverb",[469,490,491,493],{},[61,492,79],{}," bien",[469,495,496],{},"very well",[448,498,499,501,504,509],{},[469,500,379],{},[469,502,503],{},"verb",[469,505,506,507],{},"trabaja ",[61,508,379],{},[469,510,511],{},"works a lot",[448,513,514,516,519,529],{},[469,515,379],{},[469,517,518],{},"noun (agrees)",[469,520,521,524,525,528],{},[61,522,523],{},"mucha"," agua, ",[61,526,527],{},"muchos"," días",[469,530,531],{},"a lot of water, days",[448,533,534,537,540,545],{},[469,535,536],{},"muchísimo",[469,538,539],{},"very much",[469,541,542,543],{},"te quiero ",[61,544,536],{},[469,546,547],{},"I love you very much",[549,550,551],"blockquote",{},[57,552,553,556,557,559,560,563,564,567,568,570,571,574,575,578,579,582,583,585,586,589,590,593,594,210],{},[61,554,555],{},"The muy or mucho rule."," Put ",[61,558,79],{}," in front of a describing word - an adjective (",[61,561,562],{},"muy grande",") or an adverb (",[61,565,566],{},"muy rápido","). Put ",[61,569,379],{}," after a verb (",[61,572,573],{},"come mucho",") or in front of a noun, where it agrees like an adjective (",[61,576,577],{},"mucha suerte",", ",[61,580,581],{},"muchos amigos","). The two never stack: \"very much\" is ",[61,584,536],{},", and ",[61,587,588],{},"muy mucho does not exist",". If you are ever tempted to write ",[61,591,592],{},"muy mucho",", you want ",[61,595,536],{},[97,597,599],{"id":598},"aún-or-aun","aún or aun?",[57,601,602],{},"One accent, two meanings.",[109,604,605,622],{},[112,606,607,609,610,613,614,617,618,621],{},[61,608,295],{}," (with accent) = ",[61,611,612],{},"still, yet"," - a synonym of ",[61,615,616],{},"todavía",". ",[61,619,620],{},"Aún no ha llegado."," (He still has not arrived.)",[112,623,624,627,628,613,631,617,634,637,638,641],{},[61,625,626],{},"aun"," (no accent) = ",[61,629,630],{},"even",[61,632,633],{},"incluso",[61,635,636],{},"Aun así, lo hizo."," (Even so, he did it.) ",[61,639,640],{},"Aun los expertos se equivocan."," (Even the experts get it wrong.)",[57,643,644,645,647,648,650,651,647,653,210],{},"The test: if ",[61,646,616],{}," fits, write ",[61,649,295],{},"; if ",[61,652,633],{},[61,654,626],{},[97,656,658],{"id":657},"affirmation-negation-and-doubt","Affirmation, negation and doubt",[57,660,661,662,578,665,668,669,210],{},"These signal ",[61,663,664],{},"yes",[61,666,667],{},"no",", or ",[61,670,671],{},"maybe",[109,673,674,680,686,692,698,704],{},[112,675,676,679],{},[61,677,678],{},"sí"," = yes",[112,681,682,685],{},[61,683,684],{},"también \u002F tampoco"," = also \u002F neither, not either",[112,687,688,691],{},[61,689,690],{},"quizás \u002F quizá \u002F tal vez"," = perhaps (subjunctive or indicative)",[112,693,694,697],{},[61,695,696],{},"a lo mejor"," = maybe (indicative only)",[112,699,700,703],{},[61,701,702],{},"seguramente"," = probably, surely",[112,705,706,709],{},[61,707,708],{},"por supuesto \u002F desde luego"," = of course, certainly",[57,711,712,715,716,719,720,723,724,727],{},[61,713,714],{},"No lo sé tampoco."," (I do not know either.) The doubt words split on mood: ",[61,717,718],{},"quizás venga"," (subjunctive, stronger doubt) versus ",[61,721,722],{},"a lo mejor viene"," (indicative, an open guess). ",[61,725,726],{},"A lo mejor"," always takes the indicative.",[97,729,731],{"id":730},"where-the-adverb-goes","Where the adverb goes",[57,733,734],{},"Spanish keeps the adverb close to its verb, but the rules differ by family.",[57,736,737,740,741,744,745,748,749,752],{},[61,738,739],{},"Manner and degree adverbs follow the verb."," ",[61,742,743],{},"Habla bien."," (He speaks well.) ",[61,746,747],{},"Come mucho."," (He eats a lot.) ",[61,750,751],{},"Corre rápido."," (He runs fast.)",[57,754,755,758,759,762,763,766,767,206,770,773,774,777,778,578,780,783,784,206,787,790],{},[61,756,757],{},"Never split the compound tense."," This is the placement rule English speakers break most. English happily says \"he has ",[61,760,761],{},"always"," eaten\"; Spanish glues ",[61,764,765],{},"haber"," to its participle and will not wedge an adverb between them. So it is ",[61,768,769],{},"siempre ha comido",[61,771,772],{},"ha comido siempre"," - ",[61,775,776],{},"never"," \"ha siempre comido\". The same goes for ",[61,779,71],{},[61,781,782],{},"nunca"," and the rest: ",[61,785,786],{},"ya he terminado",[61,788,789],{},"he terminado ya",", not \"he ya terminado\".",[57,792,793,796,797,800,801,804],{},[61,794,795],{},"Time and place adverbs are mobile"," and often open the sentence for emphasis. ",[61,798,799],{},"Ayer llegó tarde."," (Yesterday he arrived late.) ",[61,802,803],{},"Aquí no se puede fumar."," (You cannot smoke here.)",[97,806,808],{"id":807},"common-mistakes-english-speakers-make","Common mistakes English speakers make",[57,810,811,814,815,617,818,821],{},[61,812,813],{},"Using muy with a verb."," \"Trabaja muy\" is wrong; it is ",[61,816,817],{},"trabaja mucho",[61,819,820],{},"Muy"," needs an adjective or adverb after it.",[57,823,824,827,828,210],{},[61,825,826],{},"Writing muy mucho."," There is no such phrase. \"Very much\" is ",[61,829,536],{},[57,831,832,835,836,210],{},[61,833,834],{},"Splitting haber and the participle."," \"He siempre comido\" is a direct calque of English word order. Move the adverb outside the verb pair: ",[61,837,838],{},"siempre he comido",[57,840,841,844,845,848],{},[61,842,843],{},"Dropping the accent on aún."," If you mean \"still, yet\", the accent is compulsory: ",[61,846,847],{},"aún no"," (still not), not \"aun no\" - which would read as \"even not\".",[57,850,851,852,854,855,857,858,860],{},"Learn the families, nail ",[61,853,79],{}," versus ",[61,856,379],{},", keep the adverb off the seam between ",[61,859,765],{}," and its participle, and this whole high-frequency set falls into place.",[97,862,864],{"id":863},"see-also","See also",[109,866,867,877,884],{},[112,868,869,872,873,876],{},[89,870,871],{"href":91},"Spanish adverbs in -mente"," - how the suffix adverbs are built, and when Spanish drops them for ",[61,874,875],{},"con"," plus a noun.",[112,878,879,883],{},[89,880,882],{"href":881},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fser-vs-estar","Ser vs estar"," - the adjectives that these degree adverbs modify.",[112,885,886,887,891],{},"The ",[89,888,890],{"href":889},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar","Spanish grammar cheatsheet"," has the muy-or-mucho rule and the place and time adverbs on one card.",{"title":893,"searchDepth":894,"depth":894,"links":895},"",2,[896,897,898,899,900,901,902,903,904,905],{"id":99,"depth":894,"text":100},{"id":199,"depth":894,"text":200},{"id":302,"depth":894,"text":303},{"id":367,"depth":894,"text":368},{"id":436,"depth":894,"text":437},{"id":598,"depth":894,"text":599},{"id":657,"depth":894,"text":658},{"id":730,"depth":894,"text":731},{"id":807,"depth":894,"text":808},{"id":863,"depth":894,"text":864},"B1-B2","The non -mente Spanish adverbs: place (aquí, allí), time (ya, todavía, aún), manner (bien, así), degree (muy vs mucho), plus where adverbs go in the sentence.",[909,940],{"type":910,"instructions":911,"items":912},"fill-blank","Complete each sentence with the adverb suggested by the clue in brackets. Mind the muy or mucho rule and the accent on aún.",[913,916,919,922,925,929,932,936],{"prompt":914,"answer":79,"hint":915},"El coche es ___ rápido. (very)","goes before an adjective",{"prompt":917,"answer":379,"hint":918},"Mi hermano trabaja ___. (a lot)","goes after a verb",{"prompt":920,"answer":616,"hint":921},"___ no ha llegado el tren. (still, not yet)","synonym of aún",{"prompt":923,"answer":626,"hint":924},"___ los expertos se equivocan. (even)","no accent, means even",{"prompt":926,"answer":927,"hint":928},"La farmacia está ___ de aquí. (near)","cerca","opposite of lejos",{"prompt":930,"answer":188,"hint":931},"Ven ___, por favor. (here)","the here nearest to you",{"prompt":933,"answer":934,"hint":935},"Habla más ___, no te entiendo. (slowly)","despacio","opposite of deprisa",{"prompt":937,"answer":938,"hint":939},"Por ___ terminamos el trabajo. (at last)","fin","por ___ means at last",{"type":941,"instructions":942,"items":943},"which-one","Choose the correct word for each gap.",[944,947,950,955,958,962],{"prompt":945,"answer":79,"options":946},"La sopa está ___ caliente.",[79,379],{"prompt":948,"answer":379,"options":949},"Me gusta ___ el chocolate.",[79,379],{"prompt":951,"answer":952,"options":953},"___ así, voy a intentarlo. (even so)","Aun",[954,952],"Aún",{"prompt":956,"answer":954,"options":957},"___ no he comido. (still not)",[954,952],{"prompt":959,"answer":838,"options":960},"Correct order for I have always eaten here:",[838,961],"he siempre comido",{"prompt":963,"answer":75,"options":964},"El niño canta muy ___.",[75,965],"bueno","md",[968,971,974,977],{"q":969,"a":970},"What is the difference between muy and mucho in Spanish?","Muy modifies adjectives and adverbs: muy alto (very tall), muy rápido (very fast), muy bien (very well). Mucho modifies verbs and nouns: trabaja mucho (he works a lot), mucho dinero (a lot of money). The rule of thumb is that muy sits in front of a describing word, while mucho sits after a verb or in front of a noun. The two never combine: to say very much you use muchísimo, never muy mucho. Note also that mucho agrees as an adjective before a noun (mucha agua, muchos libros) but stays fixed as an adverb after a verb.",{"q":972,"a":973},"What is the difference between aún and aun in Spanish?","The accent changes the meaning. Aún with an accent means still or yet, a synonym of todavía: aún no ha llegado (he still has not arrived). Aun without the accent means even, a synonym of incluso: aun así lo hizo (even so, he did it); aun los expertos se equivocan (even the experts get it wrong). A quick test: if you can swap in todavía, write aún; if you can swap in incluso, write aun. It is one of the few Spanish pairs where the written accent alone carries the whole difference in meaning.",{"q":975,"a":976},"Where do adverbs go in a Spanish sentence?","Adverbs of manner and degree normally follow the verb they modify: habla bien (he speaks well), corre rápido (he runs fast), come mucho (he eats a lot). Crucially, Spanish does not split a compound tense with an adverb the way English does. English says he has always eaten; Spanish keeps haber and the participle glued together, so it is siempre ha comido or ha comido siempre, never ha siempre comido. Adverbs of time and place are more mobile and often open the sentence: ayer llegó tarde (yesterday he arrived late).",{"q":978,"a":979},"Do quizás and tal vez take the subjunctive?","They can take either mood, and the choice signals certainty. With the subjunctive the doubt is stronger: quizás venga (perhaps he will come, but I doubt it). With the indicative it is more of an open guess: quizás viene. By contrast, a lo mejor, which also means maybe, almost always takes the indicative: a lo mejor viene. So quizás and tal vez are flexible, a lo mejor is fixed to the indicative, and seguramente (probably) leans indicative too.","higher","Most Spanish adverbs of manner are built with -mente, but the words you reach for most often are not. Aquí (here), ya (already), todavía (still), bien (well), muy (very), casi (almost), también (also), quizás (perhaps) - none of these take the suffix, and every one of them is high-frequency. They fall into tidy families: place, time, manner, degree, and affirmation or doubt. This page gathers the whole non -mente inventory into one map, so you stop translating each adverb from scratch and start recognising the set. Two things trip up English speakers most: the pair muy and mucho, which are not interchangeable (muy goes with adjectives and adverbs, mucho with verbs and nouns, and muy mucho does not exist), and the difference between aún and aun, one accent apart, meaning still and even. There is also the question of where an adverb goes: Spanish keeps it close to the verb and, crucially, refuses to split the compound tenses the way English splits them. Get the inventory, the muy or mucho rule and the placement rule, and your Spanish stops sounding translated.","spanish",{},true,"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fadverbs-advanced",{"title":46,"description":907},"spanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fadverbs-advanced","fsJQ0eccSrIRExiE2a4Xp9UrSmgkykJGsnjj70BK10I",[],{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":991},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M13 21h8M15 5l4 4m2.174-2.188a1 1 0 0 0-3.986-3.987L3.842 16.174a2 2 0 0 0-.5.83l-1.321 4.352a.5.5 0 0 0 .623.622l4.353-1.32a2 2 0 0 0 .83-.497z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":993},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M12 15V3m9 12v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m7 10l5 5l5-5\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":995},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M20 20a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-7.9a2 2 0 0 1-1.69-.9L9.6 3.9A2 2 0 0 0 7.93 3H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v13a2 2 0 0 0 2 2Zm-8-10v6\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m15 13l-3 3l-3-3\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":997},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M11 4.702a.705.705 0 0 0-1.203-.498L6.413 7.587A1.4 1.4 0 0 1 5.416 8H3a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2.416a1.4 1.4 0 0 1 .997.413l3.383 3.384A.705.705 0 0 0 11 19.298zM16 9a5 5 0 0 1 0 6m3.364 3.364a9 9 0 0 0 0-12.728\"\u002F>"]