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Exclamations: ¡Qué bonito!, ¡Cuánta gente!, ¡Vaya día! (and the accents)",null,{"type":49,"value":50,"toc":689},"minimark",[51,56,87,104,109,219,223,229,234,262,272,292,306,326,338,342,352,372,381,401,405,415,435,449,453,467,487,500,504,515,535,542,550,554,561,597,612,616,625,638,649,661,667,671],[52,53,55],"h1",{"id":54},"spanish-exclamations","Spanish Exclamations",[57,58,59,60,64,65,68,69,72,73,72,76,64,79,82,83,86],"p",{},"English builds an exclamation with ",[61,62,63],"strong",{},"how"," and ",[61,66,67],{},"what a",": \"how lovely!\", \"what a day!\". Spanish uses a small closed set of frames headed by ",[61,70,71],{},"qué",", ",[61,74,75],{},"cuánto",[61,77,78],{},"cómo",[61,80,81],{},"vaya",", each wrapped in the double punctuation ",[61,84,85],{},"¡...!"," - an inverted mark at the start and a plain one at the end. Once you know the handful of frames, you can exclaim about almost anything.",[57,88,89,90,72,92,72,94,64,96,99,100,103],{},"Running through all of them is one spelling rule. The exclamative words ",[61,91,71],{},[61,93,75],{},[61,95,78],{},[61,97,98],{},"quién"," carry a ",[61,101,102],{},"written accent",", exactly as they do in questions, and lose it when they act as plain relatives or conjunctions. The accent is what tells a reader the word is doing the exclaiming.",[105,106,108],"h2",{"id":107},"the-frames-at-a-glance","The frames at a glance",[110,111,112,128],"table",{},[113,114,115],"thead",{},[116,117,118,122,125],"tr",{},[119,120,121],"th",{},"Frame",[119,123,124],{},"Meaning",[119,126,127],{},"Example",[129,130,131,143,154,165,176,187,197,208],"tbody",{},[116,132,133,137,140],{},[134,135,136],"td",{},"qué + adjective \u002F adverb",[134,138,139],{},"how...!",[134,141,142],{},"¡Qué bonito! (how lovely!)",[116,144,145,148,151],{},[134,146,147],{},"qué + noun",[134,149,150],{},"what (a)...!",[134,152,153],{},"¡Qué sorpresa! (what a surprise!)",[116,155,156,159,162],{},[134,157,158],{},"qué + noun + tan \u002F más + adj.",[134,160,161],{},"what a ... ...!",[134,163,164],{},"¡Qué casa tan grande! (what a big house!)",[116,166,167,170,173],{},[134,168,169],{},"cuánto\u002Fa\u002Fos\u002Fas + noun",[134,171,172],{},"what a lot of!",[134,174,175],{},"¡Cuánta gente! (what a lot of people!)",[116,177,178,181,184],{},[134,179,180],{},"cuánto + verb",[134,182,183],{},"how much...!",[134,185,186],{},"¡Cuánto has crecido! (how you've grown!)",[116,188,189,192,194],{},[134,190,191],{},"cómo + verb",[134,193,139],{},[134,195,196],{},"¡Cómo llueve! (how it's raining!)",[116,198,199,202,205],{},[134,200,201],{},"vaya + noun",[134,203,204],{},"what a...!",[134,206,207],{},"¡Vaya día! (what a day!)",[116,209,210,213,216],{},[134,211,212],{},"lo + adj. \u002F adv. + que",[134,214,215],{},"how...",[134,217,218],{},"lo caro que es (how expensive it is)",[105,220,222],{"id":221},"qué-the-workhorse","qué: the workhorse",[57,224,225,228],{},[61,226,227],{},"Qué"," heads most Spanish exclamations, and what follows it decides the meaning.",[57,230,231],{},[61,232,233],{},"Qué + adjective or adverb = How...!",[235,236,237,244,250,256],"ul",{},[238,239,240,243],"li",{},[61,241,242],{},"¡Qué bonito!"," (How lovely!)",[238,245,246,249],{},[61,247,248],{},"¡Qué bien!"," (How good! \u002F Great!)",[238,251,252,255],{},[61,253,254],{},"¡Qué raro!"," (How strange!)",[238,257,258,261],{},[61,259,260],{},"¡Qué rápido!"," (How fast!)",[57,263,264,267,268,271],{},[61,265,266],{},"Qué + noun = What (a)...!"," Note that Spanish inserts ",[61,269,270],{},"no article"," - there is no word for the English \"a\".",[235,273,274,280,286],{},[238,275,276,279],{},[61,277,278],{},"¡Qué sorpresa!"," (What a surprise!)",[238,281,282,285],{},[61,283,284],{},"¡Qué día!"," (What a day!)",[238,287,288,291],{},[61,289,290],{},"¡Qué frío!"," (How cold it is! - literally \"what cold!\")",[57,293,294,295,298,299,302,303,305],{},"To intensify the noun with an adjective, slot ",[61,296,297],{},"tan"," or ",[61,300,301],{},"más"," between the noun and the adjective. Both mean the same thing here; ",[61,304,301],{}," is very slightly more emphatic.",[235,307,308,314,320],{},[238,309,310,313],{},[61,311,312],{},"¡Qué casa tan grande!"," (What a big house!)",[238,315,316,319],{},[61,317,318],{},"¡Qué idea más buena!"," (What a great idea!)",[238,321,322,325],{},[61,323,324],{},"¡Qué día tan largo!"," (What a long day!)",[57,327,328,329,332,333,298,335,337],{},"A common beginner slip is to reach for ",[61,330,331],{},"muy"," in this frame. It does not belong: you cannot say \"¡Qué casa muy grande!\". The intensifier is ",[61,334,297],{},[61,336,301],{},", and it sits before the adjective, not before the noun.",[105,339,341],{"id":340},"cuánto-what-a-lot","cuánto: what a lot",[57,343,344,347,348,351],{},[61,345,346],{},"Cuánto"," exclaims about ",[61,349,350],{},"quantity",", and it agrees like an ordinary adjective when it sits in front of a noun.",[235,353,354,360,366],{},[238,355,356,359],{},[61,357,358],{},"¡Cuánta gente!"," (What a lot of people! - feminine, agreeing with gente)",[238,361,362,365],{},[61,363,364],{},"¡Cuántos libros tienes!"," (What a lot of books you have! - masculine plural)",[238,367,368,371],{},[61,369,370],{},"¡Cuánto dinero!"," (What a lot of money!)",[57,373,374,375,72,378,380],{},"Before a ",[61,376,377],{},"verb",[61,379,75],{}," stays invariable and means \"how much\":",[235,382,383,389,395],{},[238,384,385,388],{},[61,386,387],{},"¡Cuánto has crecido!"," (How much you've grown!)",[238,390,391,394],{},[61,392,393],{},"¡Cuánto te quiero!"," (How much I love you!)",[238,396,397,400],{},[61,398,399],{},"¡Cuánto llovió anoche!"," (How it rained last night!)",[105,402,404],{"id":403},"cómo-how-it-happens","cómo: how it happens",[57,406,407,410,411,414],{},[61,408,409],{},"Cómo + verb"," exclaims about the ",[61,412,413],{},"manner or intensity"," of an action. English often renders it with \"how\" plus the verb.",[235,416,417,423,429],{},[238,418,419,422],{},[61,420,421],{},"¡Cómo llueve!"," (How it's raining!)",[238,424,425,428],{},[61,426,427],{},"¡Cómo corre!"," (How he runs! \u002F Look at him go!)",[238,430,431,434],{},[61,432,433],{},"¡Cómo has cambiado!"," (How you've changed!)",[57,436,437,438,440,441,444,445,448],{},"Keep ",[61,439,78],{}," apart from ",[61,442,443],{},"como"," without the accent, which means \"as\", \"like\" or \"since\": ",[61,446,447],{},"lo hago como quiero"," (I do it how I like). The accent is the whole difference.",[105,450,452],{"id":451},"vaya-what-a-usually-with-a-sigh","vaya: what a..., usually with a sigh",[57,454,455,458,459,462,463,466],{},[61,456,457],{},"Vaya + noun"," is a ready-made \"what a...\", and it very often carries ",[61,460,461],{},"irony"," or mild annoyance. Literally it is the present subjunctive of ",[61,464,465],{},"ir",", but in this frame it has frozen solid and does not conjugate.",[235,468,469,475,481],{},[238,470,471,474],{},[61,472,473],{},"¡Vaya día!"," (What a day! - and not a good one)",[238,476,477,480],{},[61,478,479],{},"¡Vaya lío!"," (What a mess!)",[238,482,483,486],{},[61,484,485],{},"¡Vaya coche!"," (What a car! - awed, or sarcastic, depending on tone)",[57,488,489,490,492,493,496,497,499],{},"It overlaps with ",[61,491,147],{},", but adds attitude. ",[61,494,495],{},"¡Qué coche!"," can be plain admiration; ",[61,498,485],{}," usually means either genuine awe or a dry \"some car, that\".",[105,501,503],{"id":502},"lo-que-how-tucked-inside-a-sentence","lo... que: how, tucked inside a sentence",[57,505,506,507,510,511,514],{},"To fold a \"how...\" into a larger sentence, Spanish uses ",[61,508,509],{},"lo + adjective or adverb + que",". The adjective ",[61,512,513],{},"agrees"," with what it describes.",[235,516,517,523,529],{},[238,518,519,522],{},[61,520,521],{},"No sabes lo caro que es."," (You have no idea how expensive it is.)",[238,524,525,528],{},[61,526,527],{},"No te imaginas lo rápido que corre."," (You can't imagine how fast he runs.)",[238,530,531,534],{},[61,532,533],{},"No sabes lo cansada que estoy."," (You have no idea how tired I am. - feminine speaker, so cansada)",[57,536,537,538,541],{},"A close relative is ",[61,539,540],{},"con lo que",", which builds a complaint into a clause:",[235,543,544],{},[238,545,546,549],{},[61,547,548],{},"Con lo que llueve, mejor nos quedamos."," (With how much it's raining, we'd better stay in.)",[105,551,553],{"id":552},"the-accent-rule-one-more-time","The accent rule, one more time",[57,555,556,557,560],{},"The exclamative words are the ",[61,558,559],{},"same characters"," as their relative counterparts, and the accent is the only thing that separates them in writing.",[235,562,563,572,579,587],{},[238,564,565,567,568,571],{},[61,566,242],{}," (exclamative) vs ",[61,569,570],{},"la casa que compré"," (relative \"that\").",[238,573,574,567,576,578],{},[61,575,421],{},[61,577,447],{}," (conjunction \"how \u002F as\").",[238,580,581,567,583,586],{},[61,582,358],{},[61,584,585],{},"te doy cuanto tengo"," (relative \"all that\").",[238,588,589,592,593,596],{},[61,590,591],{},"¡Quién lo diría!"," (Who'd have thought! - exclamative) vs ",[61,594,595],{},"el hombre quien vino"," (relative).",[57,598,599,600,603,604,607,608,611],{},"And the punctuation is ",[61,601,602],{},"double",": an inverted ",[61,605,606],{},"¡"," opens the exclamation and a plain ",[61,609,610],{},"!"," closes it. Leaving off the opening mark is a real spelling error in Spanish, not an optional stylistic choice.",[105,613,615],{"id":614},"common-mistakes-english-speakers-make","Common mistakes English speakers make",[57,617,618,621,622,624],{},[61,619,620],{},"Inserting an article after qué."," There is no \"a\": it is ",[61,623,278],{},", never \"¡Qué una sorpresa!\".",[57,626,627,630,631,634,635,637],{},[61,628,629],{},"Using muy to intensify."," The frame is ",[61,632,633],{},"qué + noun + tan \u002F más + adjective",": ",[61,636,312],{},", not \"¡Qué casa muy grande!\".",[57,639,640,643,644,64,646,648],{},[61,641,642],{},"Dropping the accent."," ",[61,645,242],{},[61,647,421],{}," need their accents; without them the words read as a relative or a conjunction.",[57,650,651,654,655,72,657,660],{},[61,652,653],{},"Forgetting cuánto agreement."," In front of a noun it agrees: ",[61,656,358],{},[61,658,659],{},"¡Cuántos libros!",". Only before a verb does it stay fixed.",[57,662,663,666],{},[61,664,665],{},"Missing the opening ¡."," Spanish exclamations are bracketed on both sides. Write the inverted mark.",[105,668,670],{"id":669},"see-also","See also",[235,672,673,681],{},[238,674,675,680],{},[676,677,679],"a",{"href":678},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fquestion-words","Spanish question words"," - the same accented words qué, cuánto, cómo and quién doing the interrogative job, with the same accent rule.",[238,682,683,684,688],{},"The ",[676,685,687],{"href":686},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar","Spanish grammar cheatsheet"," collects the exclamative frames on one card.",{"title":690,"searchDepth":691,"depth":691,"links":692},"",2,[693,694,695,696,697,698,699,700,701],{"id":107,"depth":691,"text":108},{"id":221,"depth":691,"text":222},{"id":340,"depth":691,"text":341},{"id":403,"depth":691,"text":404},{"id":451,"depth":691,"text":452},{"id":502,"depth":691,"text":503},{"id":552,"depth":691,"text":553},{"id":614,"depth":691,"text":615},{"id":669,"depth":691,"text":670},"B1-B2","How Spanish builds an exclamation with qué, cuánto, cómo and vaya, the lo... que frame, and the mandatory written accent that separates ¡qué! from the relative que.",[705,737],{"type":706,"instructions":707,"items":708},"fill-blank","Complete each exclamation with the missing exclamative word. Remember the written accent, and add tan or más only where the frame intensifies a noun with an adjective.",[709,712,716,720,724,727,730,734],{"prompt":710,"answer":227,"hint":711},"¡___ bonito! (how lovely, before an adjective)","how, plus an adjective",{"prompt":713,"answer":714,"hint":715},"¡___ gente! (what a lot of people, agreeing with the noun)","Cuánta","how much, feminine to agree with gente",{"prompt":717,"answer":718,"hint":719},"¡___ llueve! (how it is raining, before a verb)","Cómo","how, plus a verb",{"prompt":721,"answer":722,"hint":723},"¡___ día! (what a day, ironic)","Vaya","frozen form of ir, adds attitude",{"prompt":725,"answer":297,"hint":726},"¡Qué casa ___ grande! (what a big house)","the intensifier that sits before the adjective",{"prompt":728,"answer":301,"hint":729},"¡Qué idea ___ buena! (what a great idea)","the other intensifier, before the adjective",{"prompt":731,"answer":732,"hint":733},"No sabes lo ___ que es. (you have no idea how expensive it is)","caro","the adjective inside the lo frame",{"prompt":735,"answer":346,"hint":736},"¡___ has crecido! (how much you have grown, before a verb)","how much, before a verb",{"type":738,"instructions":739,"items":740},"which-one","Choose the correct word for each exclamation. Watch whether the frame needs qué or cuánto, and whether cuánto has to agree with the noun.",[741,744,747,750,753,756],{"prompt":742,"answer":227,"options":743},"¡___ raro! (how strange)",[227,346],{"prompt":745,"answer":714,"options":746},"¡___ gente hay hoy! (what a lot of people)",[714,346],{"prompt":748,"answer":718,"options":749},"¡___ corre ese niño! (how that child runs)",[718,227],{"prompt":751,"answer":297,"options":752},"¡Qué sorpresa ___ agradable! (what a pleasant surprise)",[297,331],{"prompt":754,"answer":722,"options":755},"¡___ lío! (what a mess, with a sigh)",[722,346],{"prompt":757,"answer":758,"options":759},"¡___ libros tienes! (what a lot of books)","Cuántos",[758,714],"md",[762,765,768,771],{"q":763,"a":764},"Why do qué, cuánto and cómo carry an accent in exclamations?","The same reason they do in questions: the written accent marks the word as interrogative or exclamative rather than as a relative pronoun or conjunction. ¡Qué bonito! (how lovely!) has the accent; la casa que compré (the house that I bought) does not. ¡Cómo llueve! (how it's raining!) is accented; lo hago como quiero (I do it how I like) is not. The accent is mandatory, and dropping it is a marking-scheme penalty in any exam. If the word is carrying the force of the exclamation, it takes the accent.",{"q":766,"a":767},"What is the difference between ¡Qué bonito! and ¡Qué sorpresa!?","It comes down to what follows qué. Qué + adjective or adverb means 'how...': ¡Qué bonito! (how lovely!), ¡Qué bien! (how good!), ¡Qué raro! (how strange!). Qué + noun means 'what (a)...': ¡Qué sorpresa! (what a surprise!), ¡Qué día! (what a day!). Spanish never inserts an article here, so there is no word for the English 'a'. To intensify the noun with an adjective, you add tan or más before the adjective: ¡Qué casa tan grande! (what a big house!), ¡Qué idea más buena! (what a great idea!).",{"q":769,"a":770},"When do Spanish speakers use vaya in an exclamation?","Vaya + noun is a ready-made way to say 'what a...', and it very often carries irony or mild annoyance. ¡Vaya día! is 'what a day!' with a sigh; ¡Vaya lío! is 'what a mess!'. Literally vaya is the present subjunctive of ir, but in this frame it has frozen into an exclamative marker and does not conjugate. It overlaps with qué + noun but adds attitude: ¡Qué coche! can be admiring, whereas ¡Vaya coche! usually means either 'what a car!' in genuine awe or a sarcastic 'some car, that'. Tone and context decide which.",{"q":772,"a":773},"How does the lo... que frame work?","Lo + adjective or adverb + que builds 'how...' inside a sentence, and it makes the adjective agree with what it describes. No sabes lo caro que es means 'you have no idea how expensive it is'. No te imaginas lo rápido que corre means 'you can't imagine how fast he runs'. With a feminine or plural noun the adjective agrees: no sabes lo cansada que estoy (you have no idea how tired I am, said by a woman). The related con lo que llueve means 'with how much it's raining', a common way to build a complaint into a clause.","higher","Spanish does not build exclamations the way English does. Where English reaches for 'how' and 'what a', Spanish leans on a tight set of frames headed by qué, cuánto, cómo and vaya, each wrapped in the double punctuation ¡...!. ¡Qué bonito! is 'how lovely!', ¡Cuánta gente! is 'what a lot of people!', ¡Cómo llueve! is 'how it's raining!', and ¡Vaya día! is 'what a day!' - usually with a roll of the eyes. The pattern learners most often get wrong is qué: qué + adjective means 'how...', but qué + noun means 'what (a)...', and to intensify the noun you slot tan or más before the adjective (¡Qué casa tan grande!). There is also the elegant lo... que frame for 'you have no idea how...'. Running through all of it is one spelling rule that trips people up: qué, cuánto, cómo and quién carry a written accent in exclamations exactly as they do in questions, and lose it as plain relatives. This page assembles the frames, drills them, and keeps the accent story straight.","spanish",{},true,"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fexclamatives",{"title":46,"description":703},"spanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fexclamatives","iiOYD4a22WS2FnjQos5Sx_RLFGdPJBjClZD9qtEfeNg",[],{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":785},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M13 21h8M15 5l4 4m2.174-2.188a1 1 0 0 0-3.986-3.987L3.842 16.174a2 2 0 0 0-.5.83l-1.321 4.352a.5.5 0 0 0 .623.622l4.353-1.32a2 2 0 0 0 .83-.497z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":787},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M12 15V3m9 12v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m7 10l5 5l5-5\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":789},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M20 20a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-7.9a2 2 0 0 1-1.69-.9L9.6 3.9A2 2 0 0 0 7.93 3H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v13a2 2 0 0 0 2 2Zm-8-10v6\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m15 13l-3 3l-3-3\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":791},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M11 4.702a.705.705 0 0 0-1.203-.498L6.413 7.587A1.4 1.4 0 0 1 5.416 8H3a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2.416a1.4 1.4 0 0 1 .997.413l3.383 3.384A.705.705 0 0 0 11 19.298zM16 9a5 5 0 0 1 0 6m3.364 3.364a9 9 0 0 0 0-12.728\"\u002F>"]