[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"i-lucide:chevron-down":3,"i-lucide:type":8,"i-lucide:languages":10,"i-lucide:layers":12,"i-lucide:menu":14,"i-lucide:house":16,"i-lucide:chevron-right":18,"i-lucide:list-ordered":20,"i-lucide:book-open":22,"i-lucide:library-big":24,"i-lucide:book-open-text":26,"i-lucide:graduation-cap":28,"i-lucide:case-sensitive":30,"i-lucide:gamepad-2":32,"i-lucide:presentation":34,"i-simple-icons:mastodon":36,"i-simple-icons:bluesky":38,"i-simple-icons:x":40,"i-simple-icons:linkedin":42,"grammar-spanish-reciprocal-verbs":45,"grammar-verbs-spanish-reciprocal-verbs":624,"i-lucide:download":625,"i-lucide:folder-down":627},{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":7},0,24,false,"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"m6 9l6 6l6-6\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":9},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M12 4v16M4 7V5a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h14a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v2M9 20h6\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":11},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"m5 8l6 6m-7 0l6-6l2-3M2 5h12M7 2h1m14 20l-5-10l-5 10m2-4h6\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":13},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M12.83 2.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 6.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.83l8.58 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0l8.58-3.9a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.83z\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M2 12a1 1 0 0 0 .58.91l8.6 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.65 0l8.58-3.9A1 1 0 0 0 22 12\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M2 17a1 1 0 0 0 .58.91l8.6 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.65 0l8.58-3.9A1 1 0 0 0 22 17\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":15},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M4 5h16M4 12h16M4 19h16\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":17},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M15 21v-8a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v8\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M3 10a2 2 0 0 1 .709-1.528l7-6a2 2 0 0 1 2.582 0l7 6A2 2 0 0 1 21 10v9a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":19},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"m9 18l6-6l-6-6\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":21},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M11 5h10m-10 7h10m-10 7h10M4 4h1v5M4 9h2m.5 11H3.4c0-1 2.6-1.925 2.6-3.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 0-2.6-1.02\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":23},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M12 7v14m-9-3a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5a4 4 0 0 1 4 4a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v13a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-6a3 3 0 0 0-3 3a3 3 0 0 0-3-3z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":25},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Crect width=\"8\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M7 3v18m13.4-2.1c.2.5-.1 1.1-.6 1.3l-1.9.7c-.5.2-1.1-.1-1.3-.6L11.1 5.1c-.2-.5.1-1.1.6-1.3l1.9-.7c.5-.2 1.1.1 1.3.6Z\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":27},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M12 7v14m4-9h2m-2-4h2M3 18a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5a4 4 0 0 1 4 4a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v13a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-6a3 3 0 0 0-3 3a3 3 0 0 0-3-3zm3-6h2M6 8h2\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":29},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M21.42 10.922a1 1 0 0 0-.019-1.838L12.83 5.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 9.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.832l8.57 3.908a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0zM22 10v6\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M6 12.5V16a6 3 0 0 0 12 0v-3.5\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":31},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"m2 16l4.039-9.69a.5.5 0 0 1 .923 0L11 16m11-7v7M3.304 13h6.392\"\u002F>\u003Ccircle cx=\"18.5\" cy=\"12.5\" r=\"3.5\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":33},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M6 11h4M8 9v4m7-1h.01M18 10h.01m-.69-5H6.68a4 4 0 0 0-3.978 3.59l-.017.152C2.604 9.416 2 14.456 2 16a3 3 0 0 0 3 3c1 0 1.5-.5 2-1l1.414-1.414A2 2 0 0 1 9.828 16h4.344a2 2 0 0 1 1.414.586L17 18c.5.5 1 1 2 1a3 3 0 0 0 3-3c0-1.545-.604-6.584-.685-7.258q-.01-.075-.017-.151A4 4 0 0 0 17.32 5\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":35},"\u003Cpath fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M2 3h20m-1 0v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V3m4 18l5-5l5 5\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":37},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M23.268 5.313c-.35-2.578-2.617-4.61-5.304-5.004C17.51.242 15.792 0 11.813 0h-.03c-3.98 0-4.835.242-5.288.309C3.882.692 1.496 2.518.917 5.127C.64 6.412.61 7.837.661 9.143c.074 1.874.088 3.745.26 5.611c.118 1.24.325 2.47.62 3.68c.55 2.237 2.777 4.098 4.96 4.857c2.336.792 4.849.923 7.256.38q.398-.092.786-.213c.585-.184 1.27-.39 1.774-.753a.06.06 0 0 0 .023-.043v-1.809a.05.05 0 0 0-.02-.041a.05.05 0 0 0-.046-.01a20.3 20.3 0 0 1-4.709.545c-2.73 0-3.463-1.284-3.674-1.818a5.6 5.6 0 0 1-.319-1.433a.053.053 0 0 1 .066-.054c1.517.363 3.072.546 4.632.546c.376 0 .75 0 1.125-.01c1.57-.044 3.224-.124 4.768-.422q.059-.011.11-.024c2.435-.464 4.753-1.92 4.989-5.604c.008-.145.03-1.52.03-1.67c.002-.512.167-3.63-.024-5.545m-3.748 9.195h-2.561V8.29c0-1.309-.55-1.976-1.67-1.976c-1.23 0-1.846.79-1.846 2.35v3.403h-2.546V8.663c0-1.56-.617-2.35-1.848-2.35c-1.112 0-1.668.668-1.67 1.977v6.218H4.822V8.102q0-1.965 1.011-3.12c.696-.77 1.608-1.164 2.74-1.164c1.311 0 2.302.5 2.962 1.498l.638 1.06l.638-1.06c.66-.999 1.65-1.498 2.96-1.498c1.13 0 2.043.395 2.74 1.164q1.012 1.155 1.012 3.12z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":39},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M5.202 2.857C7.954 4.922 10.913 9.11 12 11.358c1.087-2.247 4.046-6.436 6.798-8.501C20.783 1.366 24 .213 24 3.883c0 .732-.42 6.156-.667 7.037c-.856 3.061-3.978 3.842-6.755 3.37c4.854.826 6.089 3.562 3.422 6.299c-5.065 5.196-7.28-1.304-7.847-2.97c-.104-.305-.152-.448-.153-.327c0-.121-.05.022-.153.327c-.568 1.666-2.782 8.166-7.847 2.97c-2.667-2.737-1.432-5.473 3.422-6.3c-2.777.473-5.899-.308-6.755-3.369C.42 10.04 0 4.615 0 3.883c0-3.67 3.217-2.517 5.202-1.026\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":41},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M14.234 10.162L22.977 0h-2.072l-7.591 8.824L7.251 0H.258l9.168 13.343L.258 24H2.33l8.016-9.318L16.749 24h6.993zm-2.837 3.299l-.929-1.329L3.076 1.56h3.182l5.965 8.532l.929 1.329l7.754 11.09h-3.182z\"\u002F>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":43,"hidden":44},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M20.447 20.452h-3.554v-5.569c0-1.328-.027-3.037-1.852-3.037c-1.853 0-2.136 1.445-2.136 2.939v5.667H9.351V9h3.414v1.561h.046c.477-.9 1.637-1.85 3.37-1.85c3.601 0 4.267 2.37 4.267 5.455v6.286zM5.337 7.433a2.06 2.06 0 0 1-2.063-2.065a2.064 2.064 0 1 1 2.063 2.065m1.782 13.019H3.555V9h3.564zM22.225 0H1.771C.792 0 0 .774 0 1.729v20.542C0 23.227.792 24 1.771 24h20.451C23.2 24 24 23.227 24 22.271V1.729C24 .774 23.2 0 22.222 0z\"\u002F>",true,{"id":46,"title":47,"author":48,"body":49,"cefrLevel":603,"date":48,"description":604,"exercises":48,"extension":605,"faqs":606,"gcseTier":616,"intro":617,"language":618,"lastUpdated":48,"meta":619,"navigation":44,"path":620,"seo":621,"stem":622,"verbSlugs":48,"__hash__":623},"pages\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Freciprocal-verbs.md","Spanish Reciprocal Verbs (se quieren, nos ayudamos - each other)",null,{"type":50,"value":51,"toc":589},"minimark",[52,57,86,108,118,123,126,188,208,212,215,241,252,257,268,297,319,323,333,347,357,361,371,439,443,481,485,502,512,531,545,554,558],[53,54,56],"h1",{"id":55},"reciprocal-verbs-saying-each-other","Reciprocal Verbs: saying \"each other\"",[58,59,60,61,65,66,69,70,73,74,77,78,81,82,85],"p",{},"When two or more people do something ",[62,63,64],"strong",{},"to each other"," - love, help, look at, write to, understand - English adds \"",[62,67,68],{},"each other","\" or \"",[62,71,72],{},"one another","\". Spanish does not need an extra phrase: it reuses the ",[62,75,76],{},"reflexive pronouns"," ",[62,79,80],{},"nos, os, se",", and lets a ",[62,83,84],{},"plural subject"," do the rest.",[87,88,89,96,102],"ul",{},[90,91,92,95],"li",{},[62,93,94],{},"Nos ayudamos."," (We help each other.)",[90,97,98,101],{},[62,99,100],{},"Os conocéis."," (You two know each other.)",[90,103,104,107],{},[62,105,106],{},"Se quieren."," (They love each other.)",[58,109,110,111,114,115,117],{},"This is the ",[62,112,113],{},"reciprocal"," use of the reflexive. It only works with a ",[62,116,84],{},", for the obvious reason that it takes at least two to be reciprocal.",[119,120,122],"h2",{"id":121},"the-reciprocal-pronouns","The reciprocal pronouns",[58,124,125],{},"Only the plural reflexives can be reciprocal, because reciprocity needs more than one person:",[127,128,129,145],"table",{},[130,131,132],"thead",{},[133,134,135,139,142],"tr",{},[136,137,138],"th",{},"Subject",[136,140,141],{},"Pronoun",[136,143,144],{},"Example",[146,147,148,162,175],"tbody",{},[133,149,150,154,157],{},[151,152,153],"td",{},"nosotros\u002F-as",[151,155,156],{},"nos",[151,158,159,161],{},[62,160,156],{}," escribimos (we write to each other)",[133,163,164,167,170],{},[151,165,166],{},"vosotros\u002F-as",[151,168,169],{},"os",[151,171,172,174],{},[62,173,169],{}," ayudáis (you help each other)",[133,176,177,180,183],{},[151,178,179],{},"ellos\u002Fellas\u002FUds.",[151,181,182],{},"se",[151,184,185,187],{},[62,186,182],{}," miran (they look at each other)",[87,189,190,196,202],{},[90,191,192,195],{},[62,193,194],{},"Nos vemos mañana."," (We'll see each other tomorrow.)",[90,197,198,201],{},[62,199,200],{},"Se abrazaron al llegar."," (They hugged each other on arriving.)",[90,203,204,207],{},[62,205,206],{},"¿Os habláis todavía?"," (Do you two still talk to each other?)",[119,209,211],{"id":210},"reciprocal-vs-reflexive-the-ambiguity","Reciprocal vs reflexive: the ambiguity",[58,213,214],{},"A plural reflexive sentence can, in principle, mean two things:",[87,216,217],{},[90,218,219,222],{},[62,220,221],{},"Los niños se lavan.",[87,223,224,234],{},[90,225,226,229,230,233],{},[62,227,228],{},"Reflexive:"," The children wash ",[62,231,232],{},"themselves",".",[90,235,236,229,239,233],{},[62,237,238],{},"Reciprocal:",[62,240,68],{},[58,242,243,244,247,248,251],{},"Most of the time ",[62,245,246],{},"context settles it"," - ",[62,249,250],{},"se quieren"," almost always means \"they love each other\", not \"they love themselves\". But when it genuinely matters, Spanish adds a clarifier.",[253,254,256],"h3",{"id":255},"forcing-the-reciprocal-el-uno-al-otro-mutuamente","Forcing the reciprocal: el uno al otro \u002F mutuamente",[58,258,259,260,263,264,267],{},"To make \"each other\" unmistakable, add ",[62,261,262],{},"el uno al otro"," (one another) or the adverb ",[62,265,266],{},"mutuamente",":",[87,269,270,276,282,291],{},[90,271,272,275],{},[62,273,274],{},"Se ayudan el uno al otro."," (They help one another.)",[90,277,278,281],{},[62,279,280],{},"Se respetan mutuamente."," (They respect each other.)",[90,283,284,287,288,233],{},[62,285,286],{},"Las dos hermanas se cuidan la una a la otra."," (The two sisters look after each other.) - feminine, ",[62,289,290],{},"la una a la otra",[90,292,293,296],{},[62,294,295],{},"Se necesitan los unos a los otros."," (They need one another.) - more than two, plural.",[58,298,299,300,303,304,307,308,311,312,247,315,318],{},"The little phrase ",[62,301,302],{},"agrees in gender and number"," with the people, and its ",[62,305,306],{},"a"," changes to match the verb's preposition: with ",[62,309,310],{},"acordarse de",", it becomes ",[62,313,314],{},"el uno del otro",[62,316,317],{},"se acuerdan el uno del otro"," (they remember each other).",[253,320,322],{"id":321},"forcing-the-reflexive-a-sí-mismos","Forcing the reflexive: a sí mismos",[58,324,325,326,329,330,267],{},"To force the ",[62,327,328],{},"\"themselves\""," reading instead, add ",[62,331,332],{},"a sí mismos \u002F a sí mismas",[87,334,335,341],{},[90,336,337,340],{},[62,338,339],{},"Se engañan a sí mismos."," (They deceive themselves.)",[90,342,343,346],{},[62,344,345],{},"Solo se quieren a sí mismos."," (They only love themselves.)",[58,348,349,350,352,353,356],{},"So ",[62,351,262],{}," pins down \"each other\"; ",[62,354,355],{},"a sí mismos"," pins down \"themselves\".",[119,358,360],{"id":359},"the-verbs-that-turn-reciprocal-easily","The verbs that turn reciprocal easily",[58,362,363,364,367,368,267],{},"Verbs about ",[62,365,366],{},"relationships and communication"," slip into the reciprocal most naturally - because these are things people do ",[62,369,370],{},"mutually",[87,372,373,379,385,391,397,403,409,415,421,427,433],{},[90,374,375,378],{},[62,376,377],{},"quererse, amarse"," (to love each other)",[90,380,381,384],{},[62,382,383],{},"conocerse"," (to know \u002F meet each other)",[90,386,387,390],{},[62,388,389],{},"verse"," (to see each other)",[90,392,393,396],{},[62,394,395],{},"hablarse, escribirse, llamarse"," (to talk \u002F write \u002F call each other)",[90,398,399,402],{},[62,400,401],{},"ayudarse, apoyarse"," (to help \u002F support each other)",[90,404,405,408],{},[62,406,407],{},"mirarse, abrazarse, besarse"," (to look at \u002F hug \u002F kiss each other)",[90,410,411,414],{},[62,412,413],{},"pelearse, odiarse"," (to fight \u002F hate each other)",[90,416,417,420],{},[62,418,419],{},"entenderse, respetarse"," (to understand \u002F respect each other)",[90,422,423,426],{},[62,424,425],{},"Se conocieron en la universidad."," (They met each other at university.)",[90,428,429,432],{},[62,430,431],{},"Nos llamamos todos los días."," (We call each other every day.)",[90,434,435,438],{},[62,436,437],{},"Aunque discuten, se apoyan siempre."," (Even though they argue, they always support each other.)",[119,440,442],{"id":441},"worked-examples","Worked examples",[87,444,445,451,457,463,469,475],{},[90,446,447,450],{},[62,448,449],{},"Se escriben cartas cada semana."," (They write letters to each other every week.)",[90,452,453,456],{},[62,454,455],{},"Nos entendemos sin hablar."," (We understand each other without speaking.)",[90,458,459,462],{},[62,460,461],{},"Los dos rivales se odiaban mutuamente."," (The two rivals hated each other.)",[90,464,465,468],{},[62,466,467],{},"Se dieron la mano el uno al otro."," (They shook hands with each other.)",[90,470,471,474],{},[62,472,473],{},"Prometieron ayudarse siempre."," (They promised to help each other always.)",[90,476,477,480],{},[62,478,479],{},"Al principio no se caían bien, pero acabaron queriéndose."," (At first they didn't like each other, but they ended up loving each other.)",[119,482,484],{"id":483},"common-mistakes-english-speakers-make","Common mistakes English speakers make",[58,486,487,490,491,247,494,497,498,501],{},[62,488,489],{},"Trying to translate \"each other\" as a word."," There is no single Spanish word for it. The reciprocal meaning lives in the ",[62,492,493],{},"plural reflexive pronoun",[62,495,496],{},"se, nos, os"," - plus a plural subject. Say ",[62,499,500],{},"se ayudan",", not \"se ayudan cada otro\".",[58,503,504,507,508,511],{},[62,505,506],{},"Using it with a singular subject."," Reciprocity needs at least two people, so the reciprocal requires a ",[62,509,510],{},"plural"," subject. One person cannot do something \"to each other\".",[58,513,514,517,518,520,521,523,524,526,527,530],{},[62,515,516],{},"Forgetting the pronoun agrees with the subject."," It is ",[62,519,156],{}," with nosotros, ",[62,522,169],{}," with vosotros, ",[62,525,182],{}," with ellos - ",[62,528,529],{},"nos vemos, os veis, se ven",". Mixing them (nos ven) breaks the sentence.",[58,532,533,536,537,540,541,544],{},[62,534,535],{},"Letting a real ambiguity stand."," When \"themselves\" and \"each other\" would mean genuinely different things, add the clarifier: ",[62,538,539],{},"se miran el uno al otro"," (at each other) versus ",[62,542,543],{},"se miran a sí mismos"," (at themselves, e.g. in a mirror).",[58,546,547,548,550,551,553],{},"Reuse the reflexive pronoun, keep the subject plural, and reach for ",[62,549,262],{}," or ",[62,552,266],{}," when you need to be crystal clear. That is the whole of the reciprocal in Spanish.",[119,555,557],{"id":556},"see-also","See also",[87,559,560,567,574,581],{},[90,561,562,566],{},[306,563,565],{"href":564},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Freflexive-verbs","Reflexive verbs"," - the \"to oneself\" use these pronouns come from, and the base for the reciprocal.",[90,568,569,573],{},[306,570,572],{"href":571},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fse-unplanned-events","The accidental se"," - another job the pronoun se does, for unplanned events.",[90,575,576,580],{},[306,577,579],{"href":578},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fobject-pronouns","Object pronouns"," - the wider pronoun system nos \u002F os \u002F se belong to.",[90,582,583,584,588],{},"The ",[306,585,587],{"href":586},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar","Spanish grammar cheatsheet"," has the reciprocal pattern and its clarifiers on one card.",{"title":590,"searchDepth":591,"depth":591,"links":592},"",2,[593,594,599,600,601,602],{"id":121,"depth":591,"text":122},{"id":210,"depth":591,"text":211,"children":595},[596,598],{"id":255,"depth":597,"text":256},3,{"id":321,"depth":597,"text":322},{"id":359,"depth":591,"text":360},{"id":441,"depth":591,"text":442},{"id":483,"depth":591,"text":484},{"id":556,"depth":591,"text":557},"B1","How Spanish says 'each other'. With a plural subject, the reflexive pronouns nos \u002F os \u002F se can mean the action goes back and forth between the people: se quieren (they love each other), nos escribimos (we write to each other), os conocéis (you two know each other). This page separates the reciprocal se from the ordinary reflexive, shows how to remove the ambiguity with el uno al otro and mutuamente, and lists the verbs that turn reciprocal most naturally.","md",[607,610,613],{"q":608,"a":609},"How does Spanish say 'each other'?","It uses the plural reflexive pronouns nos, os, se with a plural subject. Nos vemos means 'we see each other', os ayudáis 'you help each other', se quieren 'they love each other'. There is no separate word for 'each other' - the reciprocal meaning is carried by the reflexive pronoun plus a plural subject. If you need to remove ambiguity, add el uno al otro (masculine) \u002F la una a la otra (feminine) or mutuamente.",{"q":611,"a":612},"What is the difference between reflexive and reciprocal se?","Reflexive means the subjects act on themselves; reciprocal means they act on each other. Los niños se lavan can mean 'the children wash themselves' (reflexive) or 'the children wash each other' (reciprocal) - only context or a clarifier tells them apart. For 'themselves', add a sí mismos (se hablan a sí mismos, they talk to themselves); for 'each other', add el uno al otro (se hablan el uno al otro, they talk to each other). The reciprocal reading needs a plural subject; the reflexive works with any number.",{"q":614,"a":615},"How do you make a reciprocal sentence unambiguous in Spanish?","Add el uno al otro, la una a la otra, los unos a los otros (one another) or the adverb mutuamente (mutually) to force the reciprocal reading: se ayudan el uno al otro (they help one another), se respetan mutuamente (they respect each other). The a inside el uno al otro changes to match the verb's preposition - se acuerdan el uno del otro (they remember each other), because acordarse takes de. To force the reflexive 'themselves' reading instead, use a sí mismos.","higher","English needs two extra words - 'each other' or 'one another' - to say that two or more people do something to each other. Spanish just reuses the reflexive pronouns. Nos ayudamos can mean 'we help ourselves', but with two people it far more often means 'we help each other'; se miraron is 'they looked at each other'. This is the reciprocal use of se (and nos, os), and it only works with a plural subject, because it takes at least two people to be reciprocal. Most of the time context makes the meaning obvious, but when it matters Spanish can spell it out with el uno al otro (one another) or mutuamente (mutually). This page draws the line between the reflexive 'to themselves' and the reciprocal 'to each other', and shows how to make the reciprocal unmistakable.","spanish",{},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Freciprocal-verbs",{"title":47,"description":604},"spanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Freciprocal-verbs","VxCsUBYELqvnqr4yTBQ-gnoAhoCcGKNi3IVeP_FfX7E",[],{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":626},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M12 15V3m9 12v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m7 10l5 5l5-5\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":628},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M20 20a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-7.9a2 2 0 0 1-1.69-.9L9.6 3.9A2 2 0 0 0 7.93 3H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v13a2 2 0 0 0 2 2Zm-8-10v6\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m15 13l-3 3l-3-3\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>"]