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0z\"\u002F>",true,{"id":46,"title":47,"author":48,"body":49,"cefrLevel":1402,"date":48,"description":1403,"exercises":48,"extension":1404,"faqs":1405,"gcseTier":1415,"intro":1416,"language":1417,"lastUpdated":48,"meta":1418,"navigation":44,"path":1419,"seo":1420,"stem":1421,"verbSlugs":48,"__hash__":1422},"pages\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fverbs-with-prepositions.md","Verbs with Prepositions in Spanish (Regimen Preposicional): the Fixed Verb + Preposition Pairs",null,{"type":50,"value":51,"toc":1388},"minimark",[52,57,86,131,148,153,159,251,270,274,280,351,370,374,380,432,459,463,473,555,581,585,591,633,651,655,658,716,729,733,746,808,840,844,1233,1237,1261,1281,1301,1320,1349,1353],[53,54,56],"h1",{"id":55},"verbs-with-prepositions","Verbs with Prepositions",[58,59,60,61,65,66,69,70,73,74,77,78,81,82,85],"p",{},"Some Spanish verbs will not stand next to their object without a specific small word wedged in between. You do not ",[62,63,64],"strong",{},"acordar"," a name, you ",[62,67,68],{},"acordarse de"," a name. You do not ",[62,71,72],{},"pensar"," a problem, you ",[62,75,76],{},"pensar en"," a problem. You do not ",[62,79,80],{},"depender"," your parents, you ",[62,83,84],{},"depender de"," your parents. The preposition is fixed, it is compulsory, and - this is the part that hurts - it almost never matches the one English would use.",[58,87,88,89,92,93,97,98,97,101,97,104,107,108,111,112,115,116,119,120,123,124,127,128,130],{},"This is the ",[62,90,91],{},"regimen preposicional",": the preposition a verb governs. English has exactly the same phenomenon (we ",[94,95,96],"em",{},"rely on",", ",[94,99,100],{},"dream of",[94,102,103],{},"look for",[94,105,106],{},"think about",", and no one can say why), so the concept is not foreign. What is foreign is the specific pairing. There is no rule that turns the English preposition into the Spanish one. You think ",[62,109,110],{},"about"," something; Spanish thinks ",[62,113,114],{},"in"," it. You dream ",[62,117,118],{},"of"," something; Spanish dreams ",[62,121,122],{},"with"," it. You depend ",[62,125,126],{},"on"," something; Spanish depends ",[62,129,118],{}," it.",[58,132,133,134,97,137,97,140,143,144,147],{},"The only method that works is to stop treating the preposition as a separate word to be translated, and start treating it as part of the verb - ",[62,135,136],{},"pensar-en",[62,138,139],{},"soñar-con",[62,141,142],{},"acordarse-de"," - learned and drilled as one unit, exactly the way you learn that ",[62,145,146],{},"mano"," is feminine. This page groups the highest-frequency offenders by preposition, then flags the traps and the verbs that fool you by taking no preposition at all.",[149,150,152],"h2",{"id":151},"verbs-that-take-de","Verbs that take DE",[58,154,155,158],{},[62,156,157],{},"De"," is the workhorse preposition after verbs, especially reflexive verbs of memory, emotion and separation.",[160,161,162,172,182,192,201,211,221,231,241],"ul",{},[163,164,165,167,168,171],"li",{},[62,166,68],{}," (to remember) - ",[62,169,170],{},"¿Te acuerdas de aquel verano?"," (Do you remember that summer?)",[163,173,174,177,178,181],{},[62,175,176],{},"olvidarse de"," (to forget) - ",[62,179,180],{},"Me olvidé de las llaves."," (I forgot the keys.)",[163,183,184,187,188,191],{},[62,185,186],{},"darse cuenta de"," (to realise) - ",[62,189,190],{},"No me di cuenta de la hora."," (I didn't realise the time.)",[163,193,194,196,197,200],{},[62,195,84],{}," (to depend on) - ",[62,198,199],{},"Todo depende de ti."," (It all depends on you.)",[163,202,203,206,207,210],{},[62,204,205],{},"tratarse de"," (to be about \u002F a question of) - ",[62,208,209],{},"Se trata de dinero."," (It's about money.)",[163,212,213,216,217,220],{},[62,214,215],{},"dejar de"," (to stop doing) - ",[62,218,219],{},"Dejé de fumar."," (I stopped smoking.)",[163,222,223,226,227,230],{},[62,224,225],{},"alegrarse de"," (to be glad about) - ",[62,228,229],{},"Me alegro de verte."," (I'm glad to see you.)",[163,232,233,236,237,240],{},[62,234,235],{},"quejarse de"," (to complain about) - ",[62,238,239],{},"Se queja de todo."," (He complains about everything.)",[163,242,243,246,247,250],{},[62,244,245],{},"enamorarse de"," (to fall in love with) - ",[62,248,249],{},"Se enamoró de ella."," (He fell in love with her.)",[58,252,253,254,256,257,259,260,262,263,265,266,269],{},"Note ",[62,255,245],{},": English falls in love ",[94,258,122],{},", Spanish falls in love ",[94,261,118],{},". And ",[62,264,215],{}," + infinitive is the standard way to say \"stop doing something\" - ",[62,267,268],{},"deja de gritar"," (stop shouting).",[149,271,273],{"id":272},"verbs-that-take-en","Verbs that take EN",[58,275,276,279],{},[62,277,278],{},"En"," clusters around verbs of mental focus, insistence and turning-into.",[160,281,282,291,301,311,321,331,341],{},[163,283,284,286,287,290],{},[62,285,76],{}," (to think about) - ",[62,288,289],{},"Pienso en ti todos los días."," (I think about you every day.)",[163,292,293,296,297,300],{},[62,294,295],{},"insistir en"," (to insist on) - ",[62,298,299],{},"Insistió en pagar."," (He insisted on paying.)",[163,302,303,306,307,310],{},[62,304,305],{},"fijarse en"," (to notice \u002F pay attention to) - ",[62,308,309],{},"Fíjate en los detalles."," (Notice the details.)",[163,312,313,316,317,320],{},[62,314,315],{},"tardar en"," (to take time to) - ",[62,318,319],{},"Tardé una hora en llegar."," (It took me an hour to arrive.)",[163,322,323,326,327,330],{},[62,324,325],{},"consistir en"," (to consist of) - ",[62,328,329],{},"El examen consiste en tres partes."," (The exam consists of three parts.)",[163,332,333,336,337,340],{},[62,334,335],{},"convertirse en"," (to become \u002F turn into) - ",[62,338,339],{},"Se convirtió en un problema."," (It became a problem.)",[163,342,343,346,347,350],{},[62,344,345],{},"confiar en"," (to trust) - ",[62,348,349],{},"Confío en mi hermana."," (I trust my sister.)",[58,352,353,354,356,357,359,360,362,363,365,366,369],{},"Two to watch: ",[62,355,76],{}," means think ",[94,358,110],{},", not \"think in\" - and ",[62,361,325],{}," means consist ",[94,364,118],{},", where English uses \"of\" and Spanish uses \"in\". ",[62,367,368],{},"Confiar en"," is trust with no preposition in English at all.",[149,371,373],{"id":372},"verbs-that-take-con","Verbs that take CON",[58,375,376,379],{},[62,377,378],{},"Con"," follows a small but very high-frequency set, several of them about relationships and reliance.",[160,381,382,392,402,412,422],{},[163,383,384,387,388,391],{},[62,385,386],{},"contar con"," (to count on \u002F rely on) - ",[62,389,390],{},"Cuenta conmigo."," (Count on me.)",[163,393,394,397,398,401],{},[62,395,396],{},"soñar con"," (to dream about \u002F of) - ",[62,399,400],{},"Sueño con viajar."," (I dream of travelling.)",[163,403,404,407,408,411],{},[62,405,406],{},"casarse con"," (to marry) - ",[62,409,410],{},"Se casó con un francés."," (She married a Frenchman.)",[163,413,414,417,418,421],{},[62,415,416],{},"cumplir con"," (to fulfil \u002F meet an obligation) - ",[62,419,420],{},"Cumplió con su deber."," (He did his duty.)",[163,423,424,427,428,431],{},[62,425,426],{},"encontrarse con"," (to run into \u002F meet) - ",[62,429,430],{},"Me encontré con Ana en el metro."," (I ran into Ana on the metro.)",[58,433,434,435,438,439,441,442,444,445,447,448,450,451,454,455,458],{},"The two traps here are famous. ",[62,436,437],{},"Soñar con"," is dream ",[94,440,122],{}," where English dreams ",[94,443,118],{},", and ",[62,446,406],{}," is marry ",[94,449,122],{}," where English marries someone flat, no preposition. ",[62,452,453],{},"Se casó con María"," is literally \"he married with María\" - never drop the ",[62,456,457],{},"con",".",[149,460,462],{"id":461},"verbs-that-take-a","Verbs that take A",[58,464,465,468,469,472],{},[62,466,467],{},"A"," is the preposition of starting, moving towards, learning and daring. Most notably, any verb of beginning or learning takes ",[62,470,471],{},"a"," before a following infinitive.",[160,474,475,485,495,505,515,525,535,545],{},[163,476,477,480,481,484],{},[62,478,479],{},"aprender a"," (to learn to) - ",[62,482,483],{},"Aprendí a nadar de niño."," (I learned to swim as a child.)",[163,486,487,490,491,494],{},[62,488,489],{},"empezar a"," (to start to) - ",[62,492,493],{},"Empezó a llover."," (It started to rain.)",[163,496,497,500,501,504],{},[62,498,499],{},"atreverse a"," (to dare to) - ",[62,502,503],{},"No me atrevo a decírselo."," (I don't dare tell him.)",[163,506,507,510,511,514],{},[62,508,509],{},"negarse a"," (to refuse to) - ",[62,512,513],{},"Se negó a firmar."," (He refused to sign.)",[163,516,517,520,521,524],{},[62,518,519],{},"acostumbrarse a"," (to get used to) - ",[62,522,523],{},"Me acostumbré a madrugar."," (I got used to getting up early.)",[163,526,527,530,531,534],{},[62,528,529],{},"ayudar a"," (to help to) - ",[62,532,533],{},"Me ayudó a mover el sofá."," (He helped me move the sofa.)",[163,536,537,540,541,544],{},[62,538,539],{},"volver a"," (to do again) - ",[62,542,543],{},"Volví a leer el libro."," (I read the book again.)",[163,546,547,550,551,554],{},[62,548,549],{},"asistir a"," (to attend) - ",[62,552,553],{},"Asistimos a la reunión."," (We attended the meeting.)",[58,556,557,558,561,562,565,566,569,570,572,573,576,577,580],{},"Two carry hidden meaning. ",[62,559,560],{},"Volver a"," + infinitive does not mean \"return to\" here - it means to do something ",[94,563,564],{},"again",": ",[62,567,568],{},"volví a llamar"," is \"I called again\", not \"I returned to call\". And ",[62,571,549],{}," means to ",[94,574,575],{},"attend",", where English attends something with no preposition at all: ",[62,578,579],{},"asistí a clase"," (I attended class).",[149,582,584],{"id":583},"verbs-that-take-por","Verbs that take POR",[58,586,587,590],{},[62,588,589],{},"Por"," governs a compact group centred on worry, struggle and choosing.",[160,592,593,603,613,623],{},[163,594,595,598,599,602],{},[62,596,597],{},"preocuparse por"," (to worry about) - ",[62,600,601],{},"No te preocupes por mí."," (Don't worry about me.)",[163,604,605,608,609,612],{},[62,606,607],{},"luchar por"," (to fight for) - ",[62,610,611],{},"Lucharon por la libertad."," (They fought for freedom.)",[163,614,615,618,619,622],{},[62,616,617],{},"optar por"," (to opt for \u002F choose) - ",[62,620,621],{},"Optamos por quedarnos."," (We chose to stay.)",[163,624,625,628,629,632],{},[62,626,627],{},"preguntar por"," (to ask about \u002F after) - ",[62,630,631],{},"Preguntó por ti."," (He asked about you \u002F after you.)",[58,634,635,636,638,639,642,643,646,647,650],{},"Mind ",[62,637,627],{},", which means to ask ",[94,640,641],{},"after"," someone or about them - not to ask ",[94,644,645],{},"for"," an object. To ask for an object is a different verb entirely (",[62,648,649],{},"pedir",", and it takes no preposition - see below).",[149,652,654],{"id":653},"the-classic-traps-different-preposition-or-none-in-english","The classic traps: different preposition, or none in English",[58,656,657],{},"These are the pairings that generate the most mistakes, because the English speaker reaches for the English preposition and gets it wrong.",[160,659,660,671,683,694,706],{},[163,661,662,664,665,667,668],{},[62,663,76],{}," = think ",[62,666,110],{}," (not \"en\" = \"in\"). ",[94,669,670],{},"Pienso en el futuro.",[163,672,673,675,676,679,680],{},[62,674,396],{}," = dream ",[62,677,678],{},"of \u002F about"," (not \"with\"). ",[94,681,682],{},"Sueño con un mundo mejor.",[163,684,685,687,688,690,691],{},[62,686,84],{}," = depend ",[62,689,126],{}," (not \"of\"). ",[94,692,693],{},"Depende de la situación.",[163,695,696,698,699,702,703],{},[62,697,406],{}," = to marry (English uses ",[62,700,701],{},"no"," preposition). ",[94,704,705],{},"Se casó con él.",[163,707,708,710,711,702,713],{},[62,709,549],{}," = to attend (English uses ",[62,712,701],{},[94,714,715],{},"Asistió a la boda.",[58,717,718,719,97,722,97,725,728],{},"There is no logic to extract here. ",[62,720,721],{},"Pienso en",[62,723,724],{},"sueño con",[62,726,727],{},"dependo de"," - the pairings are simply memorised, and the sooner you stop trying to reason from the English, the fewer of these you will get wrong.",[149,730,732],{"id":731},"the-reverse-trap-spanish-verbs-that-take-no-preposition","The reverse trap: Spanish verbs that take NO preposition",[58,734,735,736,738,739,741,742,745],{},"The mirror-image error is just as common. A handful of everyday Spanish verbs already contain the English preposition inside their meaning, so adding one is wrong. English says \"look ",[62,737,645],{},"\", \"wait ",[62,740,645],{},"\", \"listen ",[62,743,744],{},"to","\"; Spanish bakes the preposition into the verb and takes a direct object.",[160,747,748,761,772,784,796],{},[163,749,750,753,754,756,757,760],{},[62,751,752],{},"buscar"," = to look ",[62,755,645],{}," - ",[62,758,759],{},"Busco trabajo."," (I'm looking for work.) Not \"busco por\".",[163,762,763,765,766,756,768,771],{},[62,764,649],{}," = to ask ",[62,767,645],{},[62,769,770],{},"Pedí la cuenta."," (I asked for the bill.) Not \"pedí por\".",[163,773,774,777,778,756,780,783],{},[62,775,776],{},"esperar"," = to wait ",[62,779,645],{},[62,781,782],{},"Te espero."," (I'm waiting for you.) Not \"espero por ti\".",[163,785,786,753,789,756,792,795],{},[62,787,788],{},"mirar",[62,790,791],{},"at",[62,793,794],{},"Mira la luna."," (Look at the moon.) Not \"mira a la luna\" for objects.",[163,797,798,801,802,756,804,807],{},[62,799,800],{},"escuchar"," = to listen ",[62,803,744],{},[62,805,806],{},"Escucho música."," (I'm listening to music.) Not \"escucho a la música\".",[58,809,810,811,814,815,817,818,821,822,825,826,828,829,832,833,97,836,839],{},"The temptation is to translate the English preposition and slot in a ",[62,812,813],{},"por"," or ",[62,816,471],{},". Resist it: ",[62,819,820],{},"busco mis llaves",", not \"busco por mis llaves\"; ",[62,823,824],{},"espero el autobús",", not \"espero por el autobús\". (The one wrinkle is the personal ",[62,827,471],{},", which appears before a specific ",[94,830,831],{},"person"," object - ",[62,834,835],{},"espero a mi madre",[62,837,838],{},"miro a los niños"," - but that is the personal a doing its job, not a preposition governed by the verb. See the cross-link below.)",[149,841,843],{"id":842},"quick-reference","Quick reference",[845,846,847,866],"table",{},[848,849,850],"thead",{},[851,852,853,857,860,863],"tr",{},[854,855,856],"th",{},"Verb",[854,858,859],{},"Preposition",[854,861,862],{},"English",[854,864,865],{},"Example",[867,868,869,889,907,924,942,960,977,995,1013,1030,1047,1064,1082,1100,1118,1136,1153,1171,1189,1200,1211,1222],"tbody",{},[851,870,871,878,880,883],{},[872,873,874,875],"td",{},"acordarse ",[62,876,877],{},"de",[872,879,877],{},[872,881,882],{},"remember",[872,884,885,886,888],{},"Me acuerdo ",[62,887,877],{}," ti.",[851,890,891,896,898,901],{},[872,892,893,894],{},"olvidarse ",[62,895,877],{},[872,897,877],{},[872,899,900],{},"forget",[872,902,903,904,906],{},"Se olvidó ",[62,905,877],{}," todo.",[851,908,909,914,916,919],{},[872,910,911,912],{},"depender ",[62,913,877],{},[872,915,877],{},[872,917,918],{},"depend on",[872,920,921,922,888],{},"Depende ",[62,923,877],{},[851,925,926,931,933,936],{},[872,927,928,929],{},"dejar ",[62,930,877],{},[872,932,877],{},[872,934,935],{},"stop doing",[872,937,938,939,941],{},"Dejé ",[62,940,877],{}," fumar.",[851,943,944,949,951,954],{},[872,945,946,947],{},"enamorarse ",[62,948,877],{},[872,950,877],{},[872,952,953],{},"fall in love w.",[872,955,956,957,959],{},"Se enamoró ",[62,958,877],{}," ella.",[851,961,962,968,970,972],{},[872,963,964,965],{},"pensar ",[62,966,967],{},"en",[872,969,967],{},[872,971,106],{},[872,973,974,975,888],{},"Pienso ",[62,976,967],{},[851,978,979,984,986,989],{},[872,980,981,982],{},"insistir ",[62,983,967],{},[872,985,967],{},[872,987,988],{},"insist on",[872,990,991,992,994],{},"Insistió ",[62,993,967],{}," pagar.",[851,996,997,1002,1004,1007],{},[872,998,999,1000],{},"tardar ",[62,1001,967],{},[872,1003,967],{},[872,1005,1006],{},"take time to",[872,1008,1009,1010,1012],{},"Tardé ",[62,1011,967],{}," llegar.",[851,1014,1015,1020,1022,1025],{},[872,1016,1017,1018],{},"confiar ",[62,1019,967],{},[872,1021,967],{},[872,1023,1024],{},"trust",[872,1026,1027,1028,888],{},"Confío ",[62,1029,967],{},[851,1031,1032,1037,1039,1041],{},[872,1033,1034,1035],{},"contar ",[62,1036,457],{},[872,1038,457],{},[872,1040,96],{},[872,1042,1043,1044,1046],{},"Cuenta ",[62,1045,457],{},"migo.",[851,1048,1049,1054,1056,1058],{},[872,1050,1051,1052],{},"soñar ",[62,1053,457],{},[872,1055,457],{},[872,1057,100],{},[872,1059,1060,1061,1063],{},"Sueño ",[62,1062,457],{}," viajar.",[851,1065,1066,1071,1073,1076],{},[872,1067,1068,1069],{},"casarse ",[62,1070,457],{},[872,1072,457],{},[872,1074,1075],{},"marry",[872,1077,1078,1079,1081],{},"Se casó ",[62,1080,457],{}," él.",[851,1083,1084,1089,1091,1094],{},[872,1085,1086,1087],{},"aprender ",[62,1088,471],{},[872,1090,471],{},[872,1092,1093],{},"learn to",[872,1095,1096,1097,1099],{},"Aprendí ",[62,1098,471],{}," nadar.",[851,1101,1102,1107,1109,1112],{},[872,1103,1104,1105],{},"empezar ",[62,1106,471],{},[872,1108,471],{},[872,1110,1111],{},"start to",[872,1113,1114,1115,1117],{},"Empezó ",[62,1116,471],{}," llover.",[851,1119,1120,1125,1127,1130],{},[872,1121,1122,1123],{},"volver ",[62,1124,471],{},[872,1126,471],{},[872,1128,1129],{},"do again",[872,1131,1132,1133,1135],{},"Volví ",[62,1134,471],{}," leerlo.",[851,1137,1138,1143,1145,1147],{},[872,1139,1140,1141],{},"asistir ",[62,1142,471],{},[872,1144,471],{},[872,1146,575],{},[872,1148,1149,1150,1152],{},"Asistí ",[62,1151,471],{}," clase.",[851,1154,1155,1160,1162,1165],{},[872,1156,1157,1158],{},"preocuparse ",[62,1159,813],{},[872,1161,813],{},[872,1163,1164],{},"worry about",[872,1166,1167,1168,1170],{},"No te preocupes ",[62,1169,813],{}," mí.",[851,1172,1173,1178,1180,1183],{},[872,1174,1175,1176],{},"luchar ",[62,1177,813],{},[872,1179,813],{},[872,1181,1182],{},"fight for",[872,1184,1185,1186,1188],{},"Luchan ",[62,1187,813],{}," la paz.",[851,1190,1191,1193,1196,1198],{},[872,1192,752],{},[872,1194,1195],{},"(none)",[872,1197,103],{},[872,1199,759],{},[851,1201,1202,1204,1206,1209],{},[872,1203,649],{},[872,1205,1195],{},[872,1207,1208],{},"ask for",[872,1210,770],{},[851,1212,1213,1215,1217,1220],{},[872,1214,776],{},[872,1216,1195],{},[872,1218,1219],{},"wait for",[872,1221,782],{},[851,1223,1224,1226,1228,1231],{},[872,1225,800],{},[872,1227,1195],{},[872,1229,1230],{},"listen to",[872,1232,806],{},[149,1234,1236],{"id":1235},"common-mistakes-english-speakers-make","Common mistakes English speakers make",[58,1238,1239,1242,1243,1246,1247,1250,1251,1254,1255,1250,1258,1260],{},[62,1240,1241],{},"Translating the English preposition."," \"I think about you\" tempts ",[62,1244,1245],{},"pienso sobre ti"," or a literal ",[62,1248,1249],{},"pienso a ti","; it is ",[62,1252,1253],{},"pienso en ti",". \"I dream of a house\" tempts ",[62,1256,1257],{},"sueño de",[62,1259,724],{},". The English preposition is a trap, not a clue.",[58,1262,1263,1266,1267,1270,1271,1274,1275,97,1278,458],{},[62,1264,1265],{},"Adding a preposition to buscar, pedir, esperar, escuchar and mirar."," These take a direct object. ",[62,1268,1269],{},"Busco por trabajo"," and ",[62,1272,1273],{},"espero por el bus"," are calques from English \"look for\" and \"wait for\". Say ",[62,1276,1277],{},"busco trabajo",[62,1279,1280],{},"espero el bus",[58,1282,1283,1286,1287,1289,1290,1292,1293,565,1295,97,1298,458],{},[62,1284,1285],{},"Dropping the con after casarse and soñar."," English marries someone flat and dreams ",[94,1288,118],{}," something, so learners drop or swap the ",[62,1291,457],{},": \"se casó María\", \"sueño de viajar\". Both need ",[62,1294,457],{},[62,1296,1297],{},"se casó con María",[62,1299,1300],{},"sueño con viajar",[58,1302,1303,1306,1307,1309,1310,97,1313,97,1316,1319],{},[62,1304,1305],{},"Forgetting a before an infinitive after empezar, aprender and volver."," Verbs of beginning and learning govern ",[62,1308,471],{}," before a following infinitive: ",[62,1311,1312],{},"empezó a llover",[62,1314,1315],{},"aprendí a conducir",[62,1317,1318],{},"volví a intentarlo"," - never \"empezó llover\" or \"volví intentarlo\".",[58,1321,1322,1325,1326,1329,1330,1332,1333,1329,1335,1337,1338,1341,1342,1345,1346,458],{},[62,1323,1324],{},"Confusing preguntar por with pedir."," ",[62,1327,1328],{},"Preguntar por"," is to ask ",[94,1331,641],{}," someone; ",[62,1334,649],{},[94,1336,645],{}," a thing, with no preposition. ",[62,1339,1340],{},"Preguntó por ti"," (he asked after you) is not ",[62,1343,1344],{},"pidió por ti",". To ask for the bill is ",[62,1347,1348],{},"pidió la cuenta",[149,1350,1352],{"id":1351},"see-also","See also",[160,1354,1355,1367,1381],{},[163,1356,1357,1358,1362,1363,1270,1365,458],{},"The ",[471,1359,1361],{"href":1360},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fpor-vs-para","por vs para"," page sorts out the two prepositions that both mean \"for\" - useful once you meet verbs like ",[62,1364,607],{},[62,1366,617],{},[163,1368,1357,1369,1373,1374,1376,1377,1270,1379,458],{},[471,1370,1372],{"href":1371},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fpersonal-a","personal a"," page explains the ",[62,1375,471],{}," that appears before a specific person object, which is easy to mistake for a verb-governed preposition after verbs like ",[62,1378,776],{},[62,1380,788],{},[163,1382,1357,1383,1387],{},[471,1384,1386],{"href":1385},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar","Spanish grammar cheatsheet"," has the verb + preposition quick-reference on one card.",{"title":1389,"searchDepth":1390,"depth":1390,"links":1391},"",2,[1392,1393,1394,1395,1396,1397,1398,1399,1400,1401],{"id":151,"depth":1390,"text":152},{"id":272,"depth":1390,"text":273},{"id":372,"depth":1390,"text":373},{"id":461,"depth":1390,"text":462},{"id":583,"depth":1390,"text":584},{"id":653,"depth":1390,"text":654},{"id":731,"depth":1390,"text":732},{"id":842,"depth":1390,"text":843},{"id":1235,"depth":1390,"text":1236},{"id":1351,"depth":1390,"text":1352},"B1-B2","Many Spanish verbs demand a fixed preposition before their complement, and it almost never matches the English one. Acordarse de, pensar en, soñar con, aprender a, preocuparse por - the preposition is not optional and not logical, it is memorised with the verb. The high-frequency members grouped by de, en, con, a and por, the traps where English uses no preposition or a different one, and the verbs that take nothing where English adds 'for', 'at' or 'to'.","md",[1406,1409,1412],{"q":1407,"a":1408},"Why does Spanish put a preposition after verbs like pensar and soñar?","Because those verbs simply govern a fixed preposition, the same way English verbs do - we say 'think about', 'rely on', 'dream of' without asking why. Spanish just chooses different prepositions from English, so the mapping feels arbitrary: pensar en (think about, literally 'think in'), soñar con (dream about, literally 'dream with'), depender de (depend on, literally 'depend of'). The preposition is part of the verb's dictionary entry and carries no separate meaning you can reason out. The only workable approach is to learn the pair as a unit - pensar-en, soñar-con, depender-de - rather than translating the English preposition and hoping.",{"q":1410,"a":1411},"How do I know which preposition a Spanish verb takes?","You memorise it with the verb, because there is no dependable rule. That said, a few soft patterns help. Verbs of starting, going towards and learning tend to take a: empezar a, aprender a, acostumbrarse a. Reflexive verbs of emotion and separation often take de: alegrarse de, quejarse de, olvidarse de. Verbs of mental focus lean towards en: pensar en, insistir en, fijarse en. But these are tendencies, not laws - preocuparse takes por, soñar takes con, and no pattern predicts those. Treat the preposition as part of the verb from the first time you meet it, and drill the pair together.",{"q":1413,"a":1414},"Which Spanish verbs take no preposition where English uses one?","Five very common ones catch English speakers out because English adds a preposition and Spanish does not: buscar (to look FOR - busco mi llave, not 'busco por'), pedir (to ask FOR - pedí la cuenta), esperar (to wait FOR - te espero), mirar (to look AT - mira la luna) and escuchar (to listen TO - escucho la radio). In each case the English preposition is baked into the Spanish verb, so adding por, a or a translation of 'for' is an error. Say busco trabajo, not 'busco por trabajo'; escucho música, not 'escucho a la música'.","higher","Spanish verbs are fussy about the small word that follows them. A large group of them demand a fixed preposition before their complement - acordarse de, pensar en, soñar con, aprender a, preocuparse por - and the preposition is not negotiable. Worse, it rarely lines up with the English one: you think about something, but in Spanish you think in it (pensar en); you dream of something, but in Spanish you dream with it (soñar con); you depend on something, but in Spanish you depend of it (depender de). There is no reliable rule that maps the English preposition onto the Spanish one, so the only safe move is to learn the verb and its preposition as a single unit, the way you learn a word's gender. This is the regimen preposicional - the preposition a verb governs - and this page groups the highest-frequency members by preposition, flags the traps where English has no preposition or a different one, and lists the verbs that take nothing at all where English insists on 'for', 'at' or 'to'.","spanish",{},"\u002Fspanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fverbs-with-prepositions",{"title":47,"description":1403},"spanish\u002Fgrammar\u002Fverbs-with-prepositions","C11wHCXT8p2uSfrkkesersH_d0n0L_DE81RFSJDYIag",[],{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":1425},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M12 15V3m9 12v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m7 10l5 5l5-5\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>",{"left":4,"top":4,"width":5,"height":5,"rotate":4,"vFlip":6,"hFlip":6,"body":1427},"\u003Cg fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\">\u003Cpath d=\"M20 20a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-7.9a2 2 0 0 1-1.69-.9L9.6 3.9A2 2 0 0 0 7.93 3H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v13a2 2 0 0 0 2 2Zm-8-10v6\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"m15 13l-3 3l-3-3\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>"]