Kilo Lingo
Part of Chapter 7

CEFR A1-A2

Test yourself (24 questions)

Spanish Comparatives

Spanish comparisons use three core structures: más... que for more-than, menos... que for less-than, tan... como for as-as. Four common adjectives skip the regular construction in favour of dedicated comparative forms.

The three structures

Superiority (more than): más + adjective + que

  • María es más alta que Juan. (Maria is taller than Juan.)
  • Este libro es más interesante que ese. (This book is more interesting than that one.)
  • Corro más rápido que mi hermano. (I run faster than my brother.)

Inferiority (less than): menos + adjective + que

  • Juan es menos alto que María. (Juan is less tall than Maria.)
  • Esta casa es menos cara que la otra. (This house is less expensive than the other one.)
  • Hablo español menos bien que ella. (I speak Spanish less well than her.)

Equality (as... as): tan + adjective + como

  • Juan es tan alto como Pedro. (Juan is as tall as Pedro.)
  • Mi coche es tan rápido como el tuyo. (My car is as fast as yours.)
  • Habla español tan bien como un nativo. (He speaks Spanish as well as a native.)

The adjective still agrees with the noun in gender and number: las casas son más grandes que los pisos.

Comparing nouns and quantities

For "more X than" where X is a noun, the construction is más / menos + noun + que.

  • Tengo más libros que tú. (I have more books than you.)
  • Hay menos gente aquí que ayer. (There are fewer people here than yesterday.)

For equality with nouns, tan becomes tanto/a/os/as and agrees with the noun.

  • Tengo tantos libros como tú. (I have as many books as you.)
  • Hay tanta agua aquí como en el río. (There's as much water here as in the river.)

When the comparison involves a number, que becomes de.

  • Tengo más de cinco euros. (I have more than five euros.)
  • Hay menos de veinte personas. (There are fewer than twenty people.)

The four irregular comparatives

Four common adjectives have dedicated comparative forms that replace the regular más + adjective construction.

AdjectiveComparativeEnglish
buenomejorbetter
malopeorworse
grandemayorolder / greater
pequeñomenoryounger / lesser
  • Este libro es mejor que el otro. (This book is better than the other.)
  • La situación es peor que ayer. (The situation is worse than yesterday.)
  • Mi hermano es mayor que yo. (My brother is older than me.)
  • Mi hermana es menor que yo. (My sister is younger than me.)

Mayor and menor are used for age and abstract greater-than / lesser-than. For physical size, Spanish reaches for más grande and más pequeño instead.

  • Esta casa es más grande que la mía. (This house is bigger than mine - physical size.)
  • Es mi hermana mayor. (She's my older sister - age.)

These four comparatives don't change for gender, only for number: mejores, peores, mayores, menores.

The superlative (briefly)

The superlative ("the most / the least") uses el / la / los / las + más + adjective.

  • María es la más alta de la clase. (Maria is the tallest in the class.)
  • Este es el libro más interesante que he leído. (This is the most interesting book I've read.)

Note that "in" or "of" the group is de, not en: la más alta de la clase, not "la más alta en la clase".

The irregular comparatives also serve as superlatives:

  • Es el mejor restaurante de la ciudad. (It's the best restaurant in the city.)
  • Mi hijo mayor estudia derecho. (My eldest son studies law.)

There's also an absolute superlative formed with the suffix -ísimo/a (altísimo - extremely tall), covered in the intermediate Spanish grammar page.

Worked examples

  • Madrid es más grande que Barcelona. (Madrid is bigger than Barcelona.)
  • El café es menos caro que el té aquí. (Coffee is less expensive than tea here.)
  • Hablo francés tan bien como español. (I speak French as well as Spanish.)
  • Tengo más de tres hermanos. (I have more than three brothers.)
  • Mi madre es la mayor de la familia. (My mother is the eldest in the family.)
  • Este es el peor día de mi vida. (This is the worst day of my life.)

Common mistakes English speakers make

Using más bueno when mejor is the right form: it's es mejor que el otro, not "es más bueno que el otro". Using más grande for age: es más grande que yo means physically bigger; for older, it's es mayor que yo. And forgetting that numbers take de, not que: más de cinco, not "más que cinco".

See also

Practise: test yourself

Pick the right one

0/8

Choose más or menos to complete each comparison.

  1. María es feliz que Juan. (Maria is happier than Juan.)

  2. Juan es feliz que María. (Juan is less happy than Maria.)

  3. La casa es cara que el coche. (The house is less expensive than the car.)

  4. Madrid es grande que Barcelona. (Madrid is bigger than Barcelona.)

  5. Mi hermano es alto que yo. (My brother is taller than me.)

  6. Esta clase es difícil que la otra. (This class is less difficult than the other.)

  7. El libro es interesante que el otro. (The book is more interesting than the other.)

  8. Esta casa es grande que la mía. (This house is less big than mine.)

Fill in the blank

0/8

Fill the gap with the correct irregular comparative (mejor, peor, mayor or menor).

  1. Este coche es que el otro. (This car is better than the other.) (bueno)

  2. La comida es que antes. (The food is worse than before.) (malo)

  3. Mi hermano es que yo. (My brother is older than me.) (grande, age)

  4. Mi hermana es que yo. (My sister is younger than me.) (pequeño, age)

  5. Este coche es el de la ciudad. (This is the best car in the city.) (bueno, superlative)

  6. Mi madre es la de la familia. (My mother is the eldest in the family.) (grande, age)

  7. Este es el día de mi vida. (This is the worst day of my life.) (malo, superlative)

  8. Mi hijo vive en Madrid. (My eldest son lives in Madrid.) (grande, age)

Translation drill

0/8

Translate into Spanish, using the comparative and superlative structures from this page.

  1. Juan is as happy as Pedro.

  2. I have more than three brothers.

  3. Maria is the happiest in the class.

  4. This is the worst day of my life.

  5. My brother is older than me.

  6. This house is bigger than the other one.

  7. I have more than five books.

  8. This book is better than the other one.

Frequently asked questions

How do you make a comparison in Spanish?
Three structures cover almost all comparisons. For 'more X than', use más + adjective + que (María es más alta que Juan). For 'less X than', use menos + adjective + que (Juan es menos alto que María). For 'as X as', use tan + adjective + como (Juan es tan alto como Pedro). The same patterns work with adverbs (corre más rápido que yo), and with nouns the adjective gets replaced by más / menos + noun + que (tengo más libros que tú).
What is the difference between mejor and más bueno?
Mejor is the standard comparative form of bueno - 'better' in English. Más bueno is grammatical but means something specific and rarer: 'more good-natured' or 'kinder' rather than 'better in quality'. Same for mayor (older / greater) vs más grande (bigger in size). For age comparisons of people, always use mayor / menor. For abstract greater-than comparisons, mayor / menor. For sheer physical size, más grande / más pequeño.