Spanish grammar
Every Spanish grammar topic, in one place
Filter by CEFR level, search by topic, and pick the piece that fits what you are stuck on. The catalogue covers the full set of Spanish grammar rules from the SVO baseline at A1 to the register-shifting moves at C1.
Beginner (A1-A2)
-ar Verbs
Spanish -ar verbs in the present tense: the six regular endings in one chart, the stem-changers like pensar and jugar, and the two irregulars, estar and dar.
Beginner (A1-A2)
-er Verbs
Spanish -er verbs in the present tense: the regular endings in one chart, the stem-changers like poder, and the odd yo forms tengo, sé and veo.
Beginner (A1-A2)
-ir Verbs
Spanish -ir verbs in the present: the regular endings in one chart, the e>i, e>ie and o>ue stem-changers, and the irregulars ir, decir, venir, salir, oír.
Intermediate (B1-B2)
Accent Rules
When a Spanish word takes a written accent: agudas, llanas and esdrújulas on one table, why café and rápido carry one, what plurals do, and drills.
Beginner (A1-A2)
Adjective Agreement
Spanish adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun. The four endings, the invariable -e adjectives, the position rules, and the BAGS forms.
Intermediate (B1-B2)
Adjective Suffixes
-oso means full of (peligroso), -able can be done (aceptable), -ante doing (sorprendente), -al relating to (cultural). One table of Spanish adjective suffixes.
All Spanish grammar topics, A-Z
Beginner (A1-A2)
- -ar Verbs
- -er Verbs
- -ir Verbs
- Adjective Agreement
- Advanced Spanish Numbers
- Adverbs in -mente
- Articles
- Basic Spanish Prepositions
- Cognate Patterns
- Comparatives
- Conjugating Spanish Reflexive Verbs in the Present Tense
- Demonstrative Adjectives Chart
- Demonstrative Pronouns
- El Agua or La Agua? Feminine Spanish Nouns That Take El
- Future Tense
- Greetings and Survival Phrases
- Gustar in Spanish and Verbs Like It (encantar, faltar)
- Hace, Desde, Desde Hace
- Imperfect Tense
- Impersonal Verbs
- Indefinite and Negative Words
- Indirect and Direct Object Pronouns (le vs lo)
- Ir a + Infinitive
- Irregular Verbs
- Negation
- Nominalisation
- Noun Gender
- Noun Plurals
- Numbers 0-100 and Beyond
- Obligation
- Personal A
- Possessive Adjectives
- Possessive Pronouns
- Present Perfect
- Preterite Tense
- Preterite vs Imperfect
- Question Words
- Reflexive Verbs
- Relative Pronouns
- Saber vs Conocer
- Ser vs estar
- Set Phrases
- Spanish grammar cheatsheet
- Stem-Changing Verbs
- Subject Pronouns Chart (and Why Natives Drop Them)
- Superlatives
- Telling the Time
- Tener Expressions
- The Spanish Present Progressive
- Tú vs Usted
- Word order in Spanish
Intermediate (B1-B2)
- Accent Rules
- Adjective Suffixes
- Advanced Spanish Adverbs
- Advanced Spanish Negation
- Advanced Spanish Relative Pronouns
- Causative Verbs
- Cleft Sentences
- Commands
- Common mistakes English speakers make in Spanish
- Common Spanish Collocations
- Compound Prepositions
- Compound Tenses
- Conditional Tense
- Conjugation cheatsheet
- Correlative Comparison
- Diacritic Accents
- Diminutives and Augmentatives
- Exclamations
- False Friends (Part 1)
- False Friends (Part 2)
- Formal Commands
- Future and Conditional of Probability
- How Spanish Builds Verbs
- How to Say 'Become'
- However, Although, Despite
- Idioms of Time and Frequency
- Imperfect Subjunctive
- Informal Register
- Intensifiers
- Intermediate grammar (B1-B2)
- Negative Commands
- Neuter Article lo
- Nosotros Commands
- Noun Suffixes and the Gender Each One Gives
- Passive se vs Impersonal se
- Passive Voice with ser
- Past Participles as Adjectives
- Perception Verbs
- Perfect Subjunctive (haya hablado) with Practice
- Pluperfect (Past Perfect)
- Pluperfect Subjunctive and Conditional Perfect
- Politeness
- Por ti vs Para ti
- Por vs para
- Prefixes
- Prepositional Pronouns
- Present Subjunctive
- Pronoun Order
- Proverbs (Refranes)
- Punctuation and Capitalisation
- Quantifiers
- Reciprocal Verbs
- Regional Grammar
- Reported Questions and Commands
- Reported Speech
- Se for Unplanned Events (se me cayó, se me olvidó)
- Ser and Estar
- Si Clauses
- Similes
- Spain vs Latin American Spanish Vocabulary
- Spelling Traps
- Subjunctive After Emotion
- Subjunctive After Impersonal Expressions
- Subjunctive After Wishes
- Subjunctive in Adverbial Clauses
- Subjunctive in Relative (Adjective) Clauses
- Subjunctive Set Phrases
- Subjunctive vs Indicative
- Superlative Adverbs
- Text Cohesion and Style
- The Spanish Gerund (-ndo)
- The Spanish Infinitive as a Noun
- The Spanish subjunctive explained
- Therefore, So, Because
- Verb-Subject Order
- Verbal Periphrases
- Verbs That Change Meaning in the Preterite
- Verbs with Prepositions