Spanish Greetings and Survival Phrases: Say Something Today
Here is the good news nobody tells you at the start: you can hold your first Spanish conversation before you have conjugated a single verb.
Greetings and courtesies are fixed phrases in every language. Nobody assembles how do you do from parts, and you do not need to assemble the Spanish either. Learn the dozen expressions below as whole things to say, the way you learned thank you as a small child, and you can walk into a tapas bar, a video call or a Madrid street this afternoon and take part. The grammar is what makes the rest of the language open up. It is not a toll you have to pay before you are allowed to say hello.
So today, these are just things to say.
Greetings
. Hello, or hi. This is the one to learn first, because it works everywhere: any time of day, one person or a crowd, a close friend or a total stranger. If you remember nothing else off this page, remember .
. Good morning - literally good days. A touch more specific, and useful before lunch.
. Good afternoon. The same idea from lunchtime until the evening.
. Goodbye. The classic, and the one everybody knows already.
. See you later - literally until later. This is what most people actually say when they leave, because it quietly promises you will meet again.
Getting by
¿ ? How are you? The standard opener once you have said hello.
, . Fine, thank you. The standard reply, and worth banking as a pair with the question so the two arrive together.
¿ ? What's your name? - literally how do you call yourself?
Me ... My name is... Learn this as a pair with the question above: ¿ ? - Me Ana, and a stranger becomes somebody you have met.
One register note, and only one. Spanish has a friendly you (tú) and a polite you (usted), so to an official, an elderly stranger or anyone you would call sir or madam, the safer forms are ¿ ? and ¿ ?. Do not let that stall you: as a visibly foreign beginner you will be forgiven either way, and the tú forms above are the ones your first conversations will actually use.
Courtesies
. Thank you. One word, GRAH-thyas in Spain and GRAH-syas across Latin America. is thank you very much when you mean it.
. You're welcome - literally of nothing, as in it was nothing. The natural answer to .
favor. Please - literally as a favour. It softens a request, and Spanish speakers notice when it is missing.
. Sorry, or excuse me. It covers a genuine apology and a polite excuse me, could I get past alike.
No . I don't understand. Quietly the most useful sentence a beginner owns, because it keeps a conversation alive when everything else has fallen apart: it asks the other person to slow down or try again, instead of leaving them guessing.
/ No. Yes and no. Two of the shortest words in the language and two of the most needed - and note the accent on , which is what separates yes from if.
A quiet promise for later
Look again at Me and . Once you have learned how Spanish verbs work, you will see straight through these phrases. Me is I call myself, your first reflexive verb, smuggled in before you knew to be afraid of it. is of nothing, the same shrug English does with don't mention it. Nearly everything on this page comes apart into pieces you will recognise, and when it does, you will not so much have memorised these phrases as understood them.
But that is a treat for a later week. Today they are just things to say - so go and say one.