hinda

How the ethnonym system works here. Hinda is the adjective from hindo, a person from India, and the country is Hindio (or Hindujo in the older spelling, and Barato if you use the name India uses for itself). That is Category 1 of the two systems the countries and peoples article sets out: the root names the people and the country is built from them, exactly as franco gives Francio. Note the capitals - Hindio but hindo and hinda, because Esperanto capitalises countries and does not capitalise peoples.

La hinda as a language name. Drop the noun from la hinda lingvo and the adjective carries the meaning on its own: la hinda is Hindi, la angla is English, mi lernas la hindan is I am learning Hindi. This is the standard pattern for every language name in Esperanto and it is worth internalising early.

Hinda is not indiana, and this is the distinction to get right. Esperanto did something English failed to do for four centuries: it kept two separate words. Hindo is a person from India; indiano is a native of the Americas. Columbus's mistake never contaminated the vocabulary here. That said, indiano still descends from the error, and current usage prefers indiĝeno or, better, the nation's own name.

One more pair. Hinda means of India; hindua means Hindu, of the religion. An Indian Muslim is hindo and not hindua, and mixing the two is the commonest mistake learners make with this root.