Kilo Lingo

Line drawing of kongrui
Coloured illustration of kongrui
#2390 of 5,000 Core 5000

Translation

to correspond, to tally (with); to be congruent

Word origin

From Latin congruere, to come together or agree, built from com- meaning together and a rare verb ruere used of things running or rushing. English congruent and incongruous come from the same source.

Origin
Latin
Root
congruere
English cognates
congruent, incongruous

Examples

.

His words do not tally with his actions.

.

Those two figures are congruent in shape and size.

?

Does your answer match mine?

is intransitive and takes : one thing corresponds with another. You cannot kongrui something, and there is no direct object anywhere in its ordinary use. If you need the transitive idea, "to make two things match", it is i.

The Reta Vortaro gives it four senses, and they run from the loosest to the most technical:

  1. general - to agree, tally, be consistent with. .
  2. compatible - of parts and machines, interchangeable and usable together, which is also the computing sense.
  3. pattern matching - of a string against a template or regular expression.
  4. geometry and arithmetic - to be congruent, including congruence modulo a number.

The everyday sense is the first one, and it is the one worth having ready. The maths sense is the one most dictionaries list first, which is why the gloss on this page puts them the other way round: a learner meets this word in an argument about whether somebody's story holds together long before meeting it in a proof.

The false seam, and it is a gift. Kon- looks like a prefix and grui looks like a verb, so invites the reading "to crane together". It is a lovely image and it is wrong twice over. Esperanto's prefix is - with a u, not kon-; and while gruo is indeed a crane, both the bird and the lifting machine, there is no verb grui doing anything in this word. The whole of kongru- came from Latin in one piece. No cranes were involved.

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Esperanto · Free printables

kongrui: worksheet, infographic and listicle

Free printable study downloads for the Esperanto word "kongrui" (to correspond, to tally (with); to be congruent): a worksheet with the answer key built in, an infographic, and a sentence listicle. Open any one to view, print or save.

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This word is part of lesson 48.