Kilo Lingo

Line drawing of melki
Coloured illustration of melki
#2813 of 5,000 Core 5000

Translation

to milk

Word origin

From German melken, and beyond that from the Indo-European root that also gives English milk, Latin mulgere and Greek amelgein. It is one of the oldest verbs in the family, which is what you would expect of the thing people have been doing to cattle for eight thousand years.

Origin
German
Root
melken
English cognates
milk, emulsion

Examples

.

The farmer milks the cows every morning.

, .

She learned to milk when she was a child.

.

They milked a lot of milk from one cow.

A farmyard , and one of the few roots that is Germanic rather than Romance. Most of the vocabulary in this part of the frequency list came in from Latin or French; came from German melken, and it is close enough to English milk that an English speaker does not have to learn it so much as recognise it. The vowel is the giveaway: Germanic languages kept the -lk- cluster, and Latin turned the same root into mulgere, which is where emulsion sneaks in - an emulsion is, etymologically, something milked out.

Watch the split between the and the substance.Lakto is milk the stuff, and it is Latin lac, lactis, the same root as lactose and lactic. is the action, and it is German. Esperanto is quite happy to take the noun from one family and the verb from another where both were internationally recognisable, and this is a clean example: nobody would guess from that the verb is , and both are transparent to somebody.

The built family, all regular. o is a milker by trade, o a milking machine, o the activity, o the milking parlour, and melkbovino a dairy cow - literally a milk-cow, exactly as German has Melkkuh. a is worth a look too: it means fit to be milked, and it is the ordinary agricultural word rather than a joke. And yes, the figurative sense transfers - somebody for money reads in Esperanto just as it does in English - but it is not the sense to reach for first.

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Esperanto · Free printables

melki: worksheet, infographic and listicle

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This word is part of lesson 57.