Kilo Lingo

(hùn) - to mix, to muddle; to drift along in Mandarin

hùn

Traditional: 混

#2601 of 5,000 Core 5000

Translation

to mix, to muddle; to drift along

Word origin

Phono-semantic: 氵 (water) gives the sense of things flowing together and 昆 (kūn) gives the sound. The original meaning was of waters merging.

Origin
phono-semantic
Root
氵 (water) + 昆 (kūn, phonetic)

Stroke order

Stroke order for 混

Examples

Do not muddle the two matters together.

He drifted along at that company for ten years.

yán

The sugar and the salt have got mixed up, and I cannot tell them apart.

If you carry on like this you will only be getting by.

He wanted to slip in and watch the match.

混 (hùn) starts from the physical idea of things flowing together and mixing, as in 混在一起, mixed up together, and it stays useful there: 混合 to blend, 混乱 chaos, 混淆 to conflate two things that should stay apart.

Its second life is the interesting one. Colloquially 混 means to get by without effort or ambition, to scrape a living, to hang about somewhere. 混日子 is coasting through your days, 他在北京混了几年 is he knocked about in Beijing for a few years, and 混得不错 is doing rather well for yourself, said with a shrug. There is a third sense of slipping in where you do not belong, as in 混进去.

The trap is the drifting sense sounding neutral to an English ear. 混 in that use is faintly disparaging, so telling someone 你在混 is a criticism, not a description. Note also that the character has a second reading hún meaning muddy or muddled, which is what you hear in 混蛋, and that reading is an insult.

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Mandarin · Free printables

混: worksheet, infographic and listicle

Free printable study downloads for the Mandarin word "混" (to mix, to muddle; to drift along): a worksheet with the answer key built in, an infographic, and a sentence listicle. Open any one to view, print or save.

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This word is part of lesson 53.