(hùn) - to mix, to muddle; to drift along in Mandarin
hùnTraditional: 混
Translation
to mix, to muddle; to drift along
Word origin
Phono-semantic: 氵 (water) gives the sense of things flowing together and 昆 (kūn) gives the sound. The original meaning was of waters merging.
- Origin
- phono-semantic
- Root
- 氵 (water) + 昆 (kūn, phonetic)
Stroke order
混
Examples
。
Do not muddle the two matters together.
。
He drifted along at that company for ten years.
盐,。
The sugar and the salt have got mixed up, and I cannot tell them apart.
。
If you carry on like this you will only be getting by.
。
He wanted to slip in and watch the match.
混 (hùn) starts from the physical idea of things flowing together and mixing, as in 混在一起, mixed up together, and it stays useful there: 混合 to blend, 混乱 chaos, 混淆 to conflate two things that should stay apart.
Its second life is the interesting one. Colloquially 混 means to get by without effort or ambition, to scrape a living, to hang about somewhere. 混日子 is coasting through your days, 他在北京混了几年 is he knocked about in Beijing for a few years, and 混得不错 is doing rather well for yourself, said with a shrug. There is a third sense of slipping in where you do not belong, as in 混进去.
The trap is the drifting sense sounding neutral to an English ear. 混 in that use is faintly disparaging, so telling someone 你在混 is a criticism, not a description. Note also that the character has a second reading hún meaning muddy or muddled, which is what you hear in 混蛋, and that reading is an insult.
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混: worksheet, infographic and listicle
Free printable study downloads for the Mandarin word "混" (to mix, to muddle; to drift along): a worksheet with the answer key built in, an infographic, and a sentence listicle. Open any one to view, print or save.
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Start your free weekThis word is part of lesson 53.