El cuerpo, en detalle

You met the head, the hand and the heart in chapter 8. This is the rest of it, and it is where Spanish and English stop agreeing about which parts deserve their own words.

dedo does both ends

Dedo is a finger. Dedo is also a toe. If it matters, you say dedo del pie, finger of the foot, which is exactly as clumsy as it sounds and is what people actually say.

English has two words and no way to talk about both at once. Spanish has one word and has to work to be specific. Neither is better; they are different bets about what you will need to say.

pelo and cabello

Two words for hair and the split is not what you would guess.

Pelo is hair anywhere, on anyone, including animals, and it is the ordinary everyday word. Cabello is specifically the hair on a human head, and it is more elevated - shampoo advertising, poetry, a hairdresser being professional.

Ask for a haircut and you say pelo. Read the bottle and it says cabello.

The face

Cara is the face, and it is the common word. Rostro is also the face, and it is literary. A police description would use rostro; you would use cara.

Boca is the mouth and also an opening generally: la boca del metro is the entrance to the underground.

brazo and mano

Brazo stops at the wrist. Mano takes over from there, and mano is feminine despite ending in -o, which makes it one of the small handful of nouns that simply disobey. La mano derecha. Learn it as a phrase and the gender stops being a decision.

espalda

Espalda is the back of a body. Espaldas in the plural turns up in expressions about carrying burdens. It is unrelated to España, which every learner briefly suspects.

The back of an object is parte de atrás or dorso. Spanish is quite firm that a body's back and a chair's back are different concepts.