Ch 38 · Lesson 8Spanish · Chapter 38 · Lesson 8 · Grammar primer
Exclamations with qué: ¡qué bonito!, ¡qué casa tan grande!
¡ ! (how lovely), ¡ ! (what a surprise, no article), ¡ ! ( or , never ), and the accent and the ¡.
The short version
+ adjective is how; + noun is what a
¡ !
Why?Hide
What follows the English. An adjective or an adverb: how, as in (how lovely). A noun: what a, with no word at all for the a, as in (what a surprise). keeps its accent, exactly as in a question.
, never
¡ !
Why?Hide
plus an adjective means how: ¡ ! plus a noun means what a, with no word at all for the a: ¡ ! To intensify the noun with an adjective, slot or before the adjective. has no place in this frame, and reaching for it is the classic beginner slip.
Exclamations at a glance
The whole page on one screen.
| Frame | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| + adjective | ¡ ! | How lovely! |
| + noun | ¡ ! | What a surprise! |
| + noun + | ¡ ! | What a big house! |
| + adverb | ¡ ! | How well you sing! |
| + noun | ¡ ! | What a lot of people! |
| + verb | ¡ ! | How you' grown! |
| + verb | ¡ ! | How it's raining! |
| + noun | ¡ ! | What a day! |
| ... | . | You' no idea how dear it is. |
- ¡ !
- ¡ !
- ¡ !
- ¡ !
¡Qué calor!: how hot it is! ¡Cómo llueve!: how it's raining! ¡Qué frío!: how cold it is! ¡Qué viento!: what a wind!
Qué: how and what a
What follows decides the English. An adjective or an adverb: how. A noun: what a, and Spanish has no word for the "a":
| After qué | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| adjective | ¡ ! | How strange! |
| adjective | ¡ ! | How fast! |
| adverb | ¡ ! | Great! |
| noun | ¡ ! | What a day! |
| noun | ¡ ! | What a surprise! |
| noun | ¡ ! | How cold it is! |
¡ ! is literally "what cold!": Spanish uses the noun where English uses the adjective.
When the sentence goes on, the verb comes straight after the adjective, and the subject goes last:
¡ !- How lovely your house is!¡ !- How well your sister sings!
Qué + noun + tan + adjective
To give the noun an adjective, slot or between them. Both are correct and mean the same; never goes here:
| With | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
¡ ! | What a big house! | |
¡ ! | What a good idea! | |
¡ ! | What a long day! |
- ¡ !
- ¡ !
¡Qué perro tan pequeño!: what a small dog! ¡Qué perro tan grande!: what a big dog!
The accent and the ¡
, , and keep their accent when they exclaim, exactly as in questions. Without it, the same letters are a plain "that", "as" or "who":
| Job | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| exclaims | ¡ ! | How lovely! |
| relative | | the house that I bought |
| exclaims | ¡ ! | How it's raining! |
| conjunction | . | I do it how I like. |
| exclaims | ¡ ! | Who'd have thought it! |
The opening ¡ goes where the exclamation starts, which need not be the start of the sentence:
Juan, ¡ !- Juan, what a surprise!
Going further: Cuánto: what a lot and the rest of the guide, when you want them. This lesson does not need them.
Practice
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