The -um wildcard: convention, not computation

Vocabulary

Words 1501 to 1510

Review session

Crossword review session

Cross the words you just met, clued in English. Slower than a drill, and it sticks harder.

Vocabulary

Words 1511 to 1520

Review session

Word Bubbles review session

Pop the words you just met by matching each one to its meaning. A couple of rounds and the batch is yours.

Vocabulary

Words 1521 to 1530

Review session

Crossword review session

Cross the words you just met, clued in English. Slower than a drill, and it sticks harder.

Vocabulary

Words 1531 to 1540

Grammar primer

The -um wildcard: convention, not computation

Plenigi computes to fill, plenumi is learnt as fulfil: -um- is the official 'no rule applies' suffix, so -um words are vocabulary, and new ones are best left uncoined.

Grammar primer

Root classes: why brosi but kombilo

Broso is a thing, so brosi is to brush; kombi is an action, so the comb is kombilo. Every root has a class, and a thing-root makes a verb only when the thing has one job.

Vocabulary

Words 1541 to 1550

Review session

Word Bubbles review session

Pop the words you just met by matching each one to its meaning. A couple of rounds and the batch is yours.

Vocabulary

Words 1551 to 1560

Review session

Crossword review session

Cross the words you just met, clued in English. Slower than a drill, and it sticks harder.

Vocabulary

Words 1561 to 1570

Grammar primer

La parolanto: people who carry a tense

Parolanto is speaking now, parolinto has spoken, parolonto is about to: a participle plus -o is a person with a tense. So the winner is the venkinto, because the winning is over.

Grammar primer

Instruisto or instruanto: role, trade or thing

-ant- is a role for now, -ist- a trade, -an- a membership: instruanto is teaching today, instruisto teaches for a living. And -aĵ- on the bare root makes a thing: trinkaĵo, a drink.

Grammar primer

La venonta semajno: time from participles

La venonta semajno is next week, la pasinta jaro last year, and they agree like any adjective. Estonteco is the future, pasinteco the past.

Vocabulary

Words 1571 to 1580

Review session

Word Bubbles review session

Pop the words you just met by matching each one to its meaning. A couple of rounds and the batch is yours.

Vocabulary

Words 1581 to 1590

Review session

Crossword review session

Cross the words you just met, clued in English. Slower than a drill, and it sticks harder.

Vocabulary

Words 1591 to 1600

Community

A podcast episode, in three sentences

Kern.punkto is Eva and Johannes talking in natural Esperanto about anything at all, with more than three hundred episodes to choose from.

Listen first

Listen first: La ĝardeno de Berta

Hear this chapter's story before you read it: the text stays hidden until you want it, then answer the questions.

Read a story

Story milestone: top 1600 words

Written inside the top 1600 words, all of them taught by now; any new word is listed at the top of the story.

Arcade review

Arcade review

Replay this chapter's words as games - a different kind of repetition, and it counts.