Ch 1 · Lesson 4English · Chapter 1 · Lesson 4 · Grammar primer
How are you? Please, thank you and sorry
The sentences that keep a first conversation going (How are you? My name is... I don't understand) and the polite words: please, thank you, sorry, excuse me.
The short version
Excuse me before, sorry after
, ?
Why?Hide
Excuse me comes before something: you want to get past, or you want to ask a question. Sorry comes after a mistake, for example when you walk into someone. And please makes a request polite: without it, Give me water sounds rude, even with a smile.
Getting by
Six sentences that keep a first conversation going. Learn each question with its answer, as a pair.
| When | You say |
|---|---|
? | |
, . ? | |
Anna. | |
? | |
. | |
, ? |
Put your own name at the end: My name is Omar. The name swap is the first real conversation most learners have:
- Hello. What is your name? (you ask)
- My name is Anna. And you? (she answers, and asks back)
How are you? is a small, friendly question, not a big one. I'm fine, thanks is the normal answer, even on a bad day.
I don't understand is the most useful sentence a beginner has. It tells the other person to slow down or try again: Sorry, I don't understand. Can you say that again, please?
Courtesies
The words that keep things polite.
| Phrase | When | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Water, please. | |
| Thank you! (for a coffee) | |
| , | Thanks, Omar! |
| Thank you! You're welcome. | |
| Sorry! (you walk into someone) | |
| , | Excuse me, where is the bank? |
/ | Are you Anna? Yes. |
- , .
- !
1 asks with please. 2 takes the money and says thank you.
One word makes a request polite: Water, please. Without please, Give me water sounds rude in English, even with a smile.
Common mistakes
| Wrong | Right | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Good night! | Good evening! | : . |
| I'm fine, thanks. | I'm fine, thanks. And you? | , . |
| Please. (thanks) | You're welcome. | . |
| Give me water. | Water, please. | . |
Going further: Greetings and the rest of the guide, when you want them. This lesson does not need them.
Practice
Practise this lesson
8-question session
One question at a time, mixed across the exercises in this lesson. Miss one and it comes back round before the end.
New words in this lesson
how/haʊ/In what way; for asking if someone is well.
fine/faɪn/Well, OK, good enough; dry and sunny.
thanks/θæŋks/An informal way to say thank you.
and/ænd/Joins two things or ideas together.
please/pliːz/A polite word you add when you ask someone for something.
thank/θæŋk/To say you are happy that someone helped you or gave you something.
welcome/ˈwelkəm/What you say to someone who arrives, to show you are happy they came.
sorry/ˈsɒr.i/Feeling bad about something you did wrong; feeling sad for someone.
excuse/ɪkˈskjuːz/What you say to say sorry, or to ask someone something politely; to forgive something small.
my/maɪ/Belonging to the person who is speaking.
name/neɪm/What people call a person, place or thing.
nice/naɪs/Good, kind or friendly.
meet/miːt/To see and talk to someone; to see someone for the first time.
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Lesson 4 of 42 in this chapter