Ch 3 · Lesson 11Esperanto · Chapter 3 · Lesson 11 · Grammar primer
Hejmen, multe da, and where adverbs go
is at home, is homewards. and join their noun with , and an adverb moved to the front carries the weight.
The short version
.
Why?Hide
Add the -n of the accusative to a place adverb and it means movement towards that place, just as means into the house. is at home, homewards; is outside, out. The question words pair the same way: asks where something is, where it is going.
Direction: -en
Add -n to a place adverb and it means towards that place, just as means into the house:
| Where it is | English | Where it goes | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| at home | | homewards |
| outside | | out, outside |
| above | | upwards |
.- I am going home..- She is at home.
The question words pair the same way: asks where, asks where to.
?.- Where are you going? Home.
Quantity: multe da, iom da
The quantity adverbs (a lot) and (some, a little) join their noun with :
.- He drank a lot of water..- I have a little time.
, with an agreeing adjective, is just as correct and very common. , with no , is not. The full rule is in quantity.
Where adverbs go
An adverb is free to move. Its neutral place is near the verb; moving it to the front puts weight on it:
.- She sings beautifully. (neutral)!- Beautifully, she sings! (the manner is the news).- Now I understand. (I did not before)
Mistakes English speakers make
| Wrong | Right | Why |
|---|---|---|
. | . | of the weather: no noun to agree with |
. | . | |
. | . | it describes the |
. | . | an infinitive is no noun |
. | . | going home is movement: -n |
| | |
Going further: -e from any root and the rest of the guide, when you want them. This lesson does not need them.
Practice
Practise this lesson
8-question session
One question at a time, mixed across the exercises in this lesson. Miss one and it comes back round before the end.
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