Ch 27 · Lesson 9Spanish · Chapter 27 · Lesson 9 · Grammar primer
Habrá llegado: guessing about finished actions
(he/she must have arrived by now), (he/she had probably left): plus a participle.
The short version
guesses about something done
; .
Why?Hide
Put in the future and add a participle, and you guess that something has already happened: , he/she must have arrived by now. Put in the conditional and the guess moves further back: , , he/she had probably left.
Finished actions: habrá llegado, habría salido
plus a past participle guesses about something already done. The future perfect looks back from now:
| Use | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| arrived | . | He/She must have arrived by now. |
| gone | ; . | I can't see him; he must have left. |
| finished | . | They' probably finished already. |
| wondering | ¿ ? | Could I have left the keys at home? |
The conditional perfect looks back from a moment in the past:
| Use | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| left | , . | When I arrived, he/she had probably left. |
| eaten | . | By then they had probably had dinner. |
| gone | ; . | He/She wasn't in; probably gone to the doctor. |
A clause changes the reading: , . is "he/she would have left earlier", the unreal past. With no condition in sight and a past moment to look back from ( , ), it is a guess.
Going further: The four guesses on one screen and the rest of the guide, when you want them. This lesson does not need them.
Practice
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One question at a time, mixed across the exercises in this lesson. Miss one and it comes back round before the end.
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