Ch 25 · Lesson 10French · Chapter 25 · Lesson 10 · Grammar primer
Had been waiting, had just left
Had been waiting is + imparfait ( ); had just is in the imparfait ( ).
The short version
Had been waiting is plus the imparfait
.
Why?Hide
takes the present for something still going on now, and the imparfait for something still going on at a moment in the past: . English needs had been waiting; French just moves the whole thing back one tense. ' ' is the giveaway of an English speaker.
Had just is in the imparfait
.
Why?Hide
is I have just gone out; move into the imparfait and it becomes had just: a . carries the tense and the action stays an infinitive. Never .
depuis + imparfait: had been doing
English had been waiting looks like a --. French disagrees: if it was still going on at that past moment, it is imparfait, with for how long.
Marie .- Marie had been waiting for the bus for twenty minutes..- He had been working there for ten years when the factory closed.Lyon 2015.- We had been living in Lyon since 2015.
il avait travaillé là pendant dix ans (over)
il travaillait lĂ depuis dix ans (still going)
lâusine a fermĂ©
Timeline from past to now, with now marked.
| At that moment | French |
|---|---|
| still there | . |
| ten years over | . |
Two other ways to say it keep the imparfait too: . and, more formal, . The depuis page covers the present-tense version.
venir de + imparfait: had just
+ infinitive means have just done. In the imparfait it means had just done: the moment right before the next event lands.
.- I had just gone out when the phone rang..- She had just fallen asleep when the neighbours shouted..- We had just finished when they arrived.
| French | English |
|---|---|
. | I have just gone out. |
. | I had just gone out. |
. | I had gone out (when, unknown). |
carries the tense and the action stays an infinitive: . The venir de page has the present-tense uses.
Mistakes English speakers make
| Wrong | Right | Why |
|---|---|---|
| | still going on: imparfait |
| | had just: , imparfait |
| | the time of day is the scene |
| | verbs agree |
A story told entirely in the is grammatical and reads like a list; one told entirely in the imparfait never quite happens. Most good paragraphs need both, and a -- only where something came before.
Going further: The three jobs on one screen and the rest of the guide, when you want them. This lesson does not need them.
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