Translation
with; when
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Examples
.
He came into the city with his friends.
.
Come with me.
.
Peace was made with the enemy.
, .
When he had said this, he went away.
tacent, .
When they keep silent, they are shouting.
Two different words wearing the same spelling, and telling them apart is a daily job when reading. The PREPOSITION "cum" takes the ABLATIVE and means "with", in the sense of accompaniment: "cum amicis", with his friends. The CONJUNCTION "cum" introduces a clause; with the SUBJUNCTIVE it means "when", "since" or "although", and with the INDICATIVE it is a plain "when".
The quickest test is what comes next. A noun or adjective in the ablative means preposition; a finite verb, especially a subjunctive such as "esset" or "dixisset", means conjunction.
With the personal pronouns the preposition attaches to the end of the word instead of standing in front of it: "mecum" (with me), "tecum" (with you), "nobiscum" (with us), "secum" (with himself). Cicero spells the archaic form "quom", and the corpus behind this list also records "quum".
Where this fits
Used in
Stories
(6)Grammar articles
(22)The Latin Ablative Case and Its Many Uses
Latin Adjectives and Agreement: bonus, bona, bonum
The Ave Maria: the Hail Mary in Latin, Word by Word
Latin Cases: What Each of the Six Cases Does (Chart)
Church Latin Pronunciation: Every Rule vs Classical
Latin Comparatives and Superlatives: altior, optimus
Latin Conditional Sentences: si, nisi and the Subjunctive
Latin Connectors: tamen, quamquam, ergo, igitur and autem
Latin cum Clauses: when, since and although
Latin Fearing Clauses: timeo ne, timeo ut and ne non
Latin Future, Pluperfect and Future Perfect
The Gloria and Sanctus in Latin, Word by Word
Latin Indirect Commands: ut and ne with the Subjunctive
Latin Question Words: quis, quid, ubi, cur
Latin Mass Responses: The Full Text, With Literal English
Latin Numbers Grammar: Which Decline, Milia, and 18 and 19
Latin Participles: amans, amatus, amaturus
Latin Perfect and Pluperfect Subjunctive: amaverim, amavissem
Latin Pronouns Chart: ego, is, hic, ille and qui
Latin Purpose, Result and cum Clauses: ut, ne and cum
Latin Relative Pronoun: qui, quae, quod and How It Agrees
The Latin Subjunctive: amet, amaret, sit, esset
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cum: worksheet, infographic and listicle
Free printable study downloads for the Latin word "cum" (with; when): a worksheet with the answer key built in, an infographic, and a sentence listicle. Open any one to view, print or save.
This word is taught in chapter 1, lesson 3: cum, et, in and 11 more words.