Ch 2 · Lesson 38Spanish · Chapter 2 · Lesson 38 · Grammar primer
Demonstratives: este, esta, estos, estas
This and these agree with the noun like an article: , , , .
The short version
.
Why?Hide
A demonstrative matches its noun in gender and number: , , , . Watch the masculine plural, which ends in -os, never -es: , . Agreement follows the noun's gender, not its last letter, so .
The chart: all twelve forms
Pick the row by distance, then the column by the noun's gender and number.
| Distance | Masc. | Fem. |
|---|---|---|
| near me, one | | |
| near me, more | | |
| near you, one | | |
| near you, more | | |
| far, one | | |
| far, more | | |
Blue marks a masculine ending, rose a feminine one.
Watch the masculine: and end in -e, but their plurals end in -os:
Agreement with the noun
The demonstrative matches its noun in gender and number, like an article:
| Noun | Form | English |
|---|---|---|
| masc. singular | | this book |
| fem. singular | | this table |
| masc. plural | | these books |
| fem. plural | | those houses (by you) |
| masc. plural, far | | those men (over there) |
Agreement follows the noun's gender, not its last letter. ends in -a but is masculine; and give no clue but are feminine:
.- This day is very good..- This time I'm not going..- That truth is hard to accept.
The noun gender page has the patterns, and noun plurals the -s and -es endings.
Going further: The three-way distance split and the rest of the guide, when you want them. This lesson does not need them.
Practice
Practise this lesson
9-question session
One question at a time, mixed across the exercises in this lesson. Miss one and it comes back round before the end.
Spanish · Free printables
Worksheets for this lesson
Worksheets with answer keys built in. Open any one to view, print or save.
Lesson 38 of 50 in this chapter