Ch 1 · Lesson 25

Saying no: não before the verb

One word, one place: goes straight in front of the verb, with no helper verb. With two verbs, it goes before the first.

The short version

needs no helper verb at all

.

She doesn't work on Sundays.
Why?

English builds a negative with do or does; Portuguese just puts directly in front of the conjugated verb, whichever verb it is. No extra word to conjugate.

With two verbs, negates the first one

.

She isn't going out today.
Why?

denies the ability itself. Move to the second verb instead and the meaning shifts to a choice not to help, , which is a different sentence entirely.

English builds a negative with a small machine: do or does, then not, then the bare verb. Portuguese needs one word, , in one fixed place: straight in front of the verb.

  • . - I don't know.

Não goes in front of the verb

That is the core rule. Nothing else changes: no helper verb, no change to the verb's ending.

  • . - She doesn't work on Sundays.
  • . - We aren't Brazilian.
  • . - I don't have a car.
  • . - I'm not tired.
  • . - I don't like coffee.
Two panels. In the first, a girl with pigtails and a bow and a boy both stand reading open books. In the second, the same girl is still reading, but the boy is running to kick a football.
  1. .
  2. .
  3. .
  4. .

On the left both read. On the right he plays football instead: ele não lê, with não straight in front of the verb.

No verb has a special negative form, not even the two verbs to be: simply goes in front. A verb that brings a preposition keeps it, as does above.

Two verbs: não goes before the first

When , , or introduces a second verb, goes in front of the first, conjugated one:

  • . - She isn't going out today.
  • . - They don't want to eat.
  • . - She isn't studying.
  • EP: . - She isn't studying.

Moving to the second verb changes what is denied:

  • . - I can't help.
  • . - I could choose not to help.

Compound tenses work the same way: goes before , never between and the participle. ., she hadn't seen the film.

Going further: Where não goes: the whole page on one screen and the rest of the guide, when you want them. This lesson does not need them.

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Lesson 25 of 40 in this chapter

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